BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �





                                                                AB 2155

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        GOVERNOR'S VETO
        AB 2155 (Ridley-Thomas)
        As Amended August 19, 2014
        2/3 vote

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        |ASSEMBLY:  |53-24|(May 28, 2014)  |SENATE: |25-10|(August 21,    |
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        |ASSEMBLY:  |56-22|(August 27,     |        |     |               |
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        Original Committee Reference:    L. & E.

        SUMMARY :  Prohibits, beginning January 1, 2016, mandatory overtime  
        for registered nurses, licensed vocational nurses (LVNs), or  
        certified nursing assistants (CNAs) who are employed in state  
        hospitals and facilities.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

        1)Defines a "nurse" as all classifications of registered nurses  
          represented by State Bargaining Unit (BU) 17, or the LVN  
          classifications represented by BU 20.

        2)Defines a "certified nursing assistant" as all CNA classifications  
          represented by BU 20.

        3)Defines "on call or standby" to mean alternative staff who are not  
          currently working on the premises of the facility and who satisfy  
          certain criteria, as specified.

        4)Defines a "facility" as a facility providing clinically related  
          health services that is operated by specified state departments in  
          which a nurse or CNA works as an employee of the state.

        5)Defines "emergency situation" as an unforeseeable declared  
          national, state, or municipal emergency or a highly unusual event  
          that is unpredictable or unavoidable that affects the health care  










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          services, as specified.

        6)Prohibits a facility from requiring a nurse or CNA to work in  
          excess of a regularly scheduled workweek or work shift, except as  
          provided.

        7)Authorizes a nurse or CNA to volunteer to work extra hours, but  
          the refusal by a nurse or CNA to work such hours shall not be  
          grounds for discrimination, dismissal, discharge or other penalty  
          or patient abandonment or neglect, as specified.

        8)Requires management and supervisors, in order to avoid the use of  
          mandatory overtime, to consider employees to fulfill the  
          additional staffing needs in a specified order of priority.

        9)Provides that the overtime prohibition does not apply in the  
          following situations:

           a)   To any nurse or CNA participating in a surgical procedure,  
             as specified; 

           b)   If a catastrophic event occurs in a facility where both of  
             the following apply:

             i)     The catastrophic event results in such a large number of  
               patients in need of immediate medical treatment that the  
               facility is incapable of providing sufficient nurses or CNAs  
               to attend to the patients without resorting to mandatory  
               overtime; and,

             ii)    The catastrophic event is an unanticipated and  
               nonrecurring event.

           c)   If an emergency situation occurs.

        10)Specifies that nothing in these provisions shall be construed to  
          do any of the following:

           a)   Affect the Nursing Practice Act, the Vocational Nursing  
             Practice Act, or a registered nurse's duty under the standards  
             of competent performance.










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           b)   Prevent the hiring of part-time or intermittent employees.

           c)   Prevent a facility from providing more protections against  
             mandatory overtime than the minimum protections established by  
             this bill.

         The Senate amendments  add legislative intent language; define and  
        clarify various terms for purposes of the bill; establish a priority  
        order for the scheduling of nurses; delay the effective date of  
        bill's provisions until January 1, 2016; and, make other technical  
        and clarifying changes. 

         EXISTING LAW  :

        1)Establishes, as the general policy of the state, the workweek of  
          state employees to be 40 hours, and the workday of state employees  
          eight hours, except that workweeks and workdays of a different  
          number of hours may be established in order to meet the varying  
          needs of the different state agencies. 

        2)States that it is the policy of the state to avoid the necessity  
          for overtime work whenever possible.  This policy does not  
          restrict the extension of regular working-hour schedules on an  
          overtime basis in those activities and agencies where it is  
          necessary to carry on the state business properly during a  
          manpower shortage.

         FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

        1)Net costs of approximately $1.2 million annually to the Department  
          of State Hospitals (General Fund).  Unknown staffing costs  
          annually to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation and  
          Department of Veteran Affairs (General Fund).

        2)During 2013, the Department of State Hospitals mandated a total of  
          53,973 overtime hours for registered nurses and licensed  
          vocational nurses.  The total cost of this overtime pay calculated  
          at the mid-step was $2.33 million.  It is estimated that an  
          additional 23.5 nurses and 3.9 LVN's would need to be hired if  
          mandatory overtime was eliminated at an estimated cost of $3.5  










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          million.  The actual cost would likely be less since presumably  
          some nurses would voluntarily accept to work the overtime hours.

         COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "Mandatory overtime is the  
        practice of hospitals and health care institutions to maintain  
        adequate numbers of staff nurses through forced overtime, usually  
        with a total of 12 to 16 hours worked, and with as little as one  
        hour's notice.  This bill seeks to ban mandatory overtime for public  
        sector RNs, LVNs, and CNAs.  The use of mandatory overtime for  
        nurses in the private sector has been banned since 2001 through wage  
        orders from the Industrial Welfare Commission.  State and public  
        sector nurses were exempted from this order."

        "Mandatory overtime may cause or lead to increased stress on the  
        job, less patient comfort and mental and physical fatigue that can  
        contribute to errors and 'near-misses' with medications and  
        case-related procedures.  The practice of mandatory overtime ignores  
        the responsibilities nurses may have at home with children, other  
        family members, or other obligations.  Being forced into excessive  
        overtime can cause an exhausted RN to practice unsafe patient care,  
        jeopardizing her nursing licensure status."

        According to information provided by the author, the states of West  
        Virginia, Illinois, Connecticut, Washington, Oregon, New Jersey,  
        Minnesota, Maine, Maryland, Alaska and Massachusetts all have laws  
        prohibiting the use of mandatory overtime as a general staffing  
        tool.

        The author concludes, "AB 2155 is needed to promote an optimum  
        quality of patient care, decrease potential workplace or health and  
        safety errors; and increase the ability of the state in its  
        recruitment and retention of nurses." 

        This bill is similar to AB 1184 (Koretz) of 2005, which was vetoed  
        by the Governor.  In his veto message, Governor Schwarzenegger  
        stated, in part:

             California is facing a nursing shortage and there are not  
             enough nurses and certified nursing assistants to provide  
             coverage in State hospitals and health care facilities.   
             Because the State has difficulty recruiting a sufficient  










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             number of these dedicated professionals for its hospitals  
             and other health care facilities, the State relies on  
             mandatory overtime staff to meet minimum level-of-care  
             staffing requirements.  My administration has made the  
             training and recruitment of new nursing professionals a  
             high priority, with the added goal of filling vacant  
             nursing positions and reducing the resulting overtime  
             throughout state service.

             Additionally, the Ralph C. Dills Act requires that the  
             state employer and the exclusive representative of  
             rank-and-file state employees meet and confer in good  
             faith over employee wages, hours of work, and terms and  
             conditions of employment.  This bill would unilaterally  
             establish provisions governing hours of work for  
             represented health care employees, thereby circumventing  
             the collective bargaining process and the good faith  
             collective bargaining agreements negotiated between the  
             parties.  If the State is to have good faith collective  
             bargaining, then wages, hours and terms and conditions of  
             employment must remain subject to negotiation.

        There is no registered opposition to this bill.

         GOVERNOR'S VETO MESSAGE  :

        "This bill would prohibit mandatory overtime for nurses in state  
        facilities.  This measure covers matters more appropriately settled  
        through the collective bargaining process."


         Analysis Prepared by  :    Karon Green / P.E., R. & S.S. / (916)  
        319-3957                                                    FN:  
        0005681