BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              A
                             2013-2014 Regular Session               B

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          AB 2243 (Weber)                                            3
          As Introduced February 21, 2014
          Hearing date:  June 17, 2014
          Elections Code
          JRD:sl

                                      ELECTIONS: 

                      VOTING RIGHTS GUIDE: INCARCERATED PERSONS

                                           
                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Author

          Prior Legislation: AB 149 (Weber) - Chapter 580, Statutes of  
          2013

          Support: American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
                   Employees, AFL-CIO; American Civil Liberties Union;  
                   Broken No More; California Attorneys for Criminal  
                   Justice; California Correctional Peace Officers  
                   Association; California Public Defenders Association;  
                   Drug Policy Alliance; A New PATH; Tax Payers for  
                   Improving Public Safety 

          Opposition:Unknown

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes 59 - Noes 13


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS AND REHABILITATION  



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          (CDCR) MAKE VOTING RIGHTS INFORMATION MORE ACCESSIBLE? 


                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this legislation is to require CDCR to make  
          specified information relating to voting rights of incarcerated  
          persons available to the public.

           Existing law  requires the Legislature to provide for the  
          disqualification of electors while mentally incompetent or  
          imprisoned or on parole for the conviction of a felony.  (Cal.  
          Const., Article II, � 4.)

           Existing law  requires that a person be a U.S. citizen,  
          California resident, not in prison or on parole for the  
          conviction of a felony, and at least 18 years of age at the time  
          of the next election to be entitled to register to vote in this  
          state.  (Election Code � 2101.)
           
          Existing law  requires each county probation department to do one  
          of the following:

             a)   Establish and maintain on the county probation  
               department's Internet Website a hyperlink to the Internet  
               Website at which the Secretary of State's voting rights  
               guide for incarcerated persons may be found; or,

             b)   Post, in each county probation department where  
               probationers are seen, a notice that contains the Internet  
               Website address at which the Secretary of State's voting  
               rights guide for incarcerated persons may be found.  

          (Penal Code � 2101.5(a).)

           Existing law  requires the facility administrator of a local  
          detention facility to develop written policies and procedures  
          whereby the county registrar of voters allows qualified voters  
          to vote in local, state, and federal elections, pursuant to  
          election codes.  (Cal. Code Regs., Title 15, � 1071.)



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           This bill  would require CDCR to either:

                 Establish and maintain on the department's Internet  
               Website a hyperlink to the Internet Website at which the  
               Secretary of State's voting rights guide for incarcerated  
               persons may be found; or, 

                 Post, in each parole office where parolees are seen, a  
               notice that contains the Internet Website address at which  
               the Secretary of State's voting rights guide for  
               incarcerated persons may be found.
          
                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION

          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's  
          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation  
          relating to conditions of confinement.  On May 23, 2011, the  
          United States Supreme Court ordered California to reduce its  
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity within two  
          years from the date of its ruling, subject to the right of the  
          state to seek modifications in appropriate circumstances.   

          Beginning in early 2007, Senate leadership initiated a policy to  
          hold legislative proposals which could further aggravate the  
          prison overcrowding crisis through new or expanded felony  
          prosecutions.  Under the resulting policy, known as "ROCA"  
          (which stands for "Receivership/ Overcrowding Crisis  
          Aggravation"), the Committee held measures that created a new  
          felony, expanded the scope or penalty of an existing felony, or  
          otherwise increased the application of a felony in a manner  
          which could exacerbate the prison overcrowding crisis.  Under  
          these principles, ROCA was applied as a content-neutral,  
          provisional measure necessary to ensure that the Legislature did  
          not erode progress towards reducing prison overcrowding by  
          passing legislation, which would increase the prison population.  
            

          In January of 2013, just over a year after the enactment of the  
          historic Public Safety Realignment Act of 2011, the State of  



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          California filed court documents seeking to vacate or modify the  
          federal court order requiring the state to reduce its prison  
          population to 137.5 percent of design capacity.  The State  
          submitted that the, ". . .  population in the State's 33 prisons  
          has been reduced by over 24,000 inmates since October 2011 when  
          public safety realignment went into effect, by more than 36,000  
          inmates compared to the 2008 population . . . , and by nearly  
          42,000 inmates since 2006 . . . ."  Plaintiffs opposed the  
          state's motion, arguing that, "California prisons, which  
          currently average 150% of capacity, and reach as high as 185% of  
          capacity at one prison, continue to deliver health care that is  
          constitutionally deficient."  In an order dated January 29,  
          2013, the federal court granted the state a six-month extension  
          to achieve the 137.5 % inmate population cap by December 31,  
          2013.  

          The Three-Judge Court then ordered, on April 11, 2013, the state  
          of California to "immediately take all steps necessary to comply  
          with this Court's . . . Order . . . requiring defendants to  
          reduce overall prison population to 137.5% design capacity by  
          December 31, 2013."  On September 16, 2013, the State asked the  
          Court to extend that deadline to December 31, 2016.  In  
          response, the Court extended the deadline first to January 27,  
          2014 and then February 24, 2014, and ordered the parties to  
          enter into a meet-and-confer process to "explore how defendants  
          can comply with this Court's June 20, 2013 Order, including  
          means and dates by which such compliance can be expedited or  
          accomplished and how this Court can ensure a durable solution to  
          the prison crowding problem."

          The parties were not able to reach an agreement during the  
          meet-and-confer process.  As a result, the Court ordered  
          briefing on the State's requested extension and, on February 10,  
          2014, issued an order extending the deadline to reduce the  
          in-state adult institution population to 137.5% design capacity  
          to February 28, 2016.  The order requires the state to meet the  
          following interim and final population reduction benchmarks:

                 143% of design bed capacity by June 30, 2014;
                 141.5% of design bed capacity by February 28, 2015; and,



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                 137.5% of design bed capacity by February 28, 2016. 

          If a benchmark is missed the Compliance Officer (a position  
          created by the February 10, 2016 order) can order the release of  
          inmates to bring the State into compliance with that benchmark.   


          In a status report to the Court dated May 15, 2014, the state  
          reported that as of May 14, 2014, 116,428 inmates were housed in  
          the State's 34 adult institutions, which amounts to 140.8% of  
          design bed capacity, and 8,650 inmates were housed in  
          out-of-state facilities.   

          The ongoing prison overcrowding litigation indicates that prison  
          capacity and related issues concerning conditions of confinement  
          remain unresolved.  While real gains in reducing the prison  
          population have been made, even greater reductions may be  
          required to meet the orders of the federal court.  Therefore,  
          the Committee's consideration of ROCA bills -bills that may  
          impact the prison population - will be informed by the following  
          questions:

                 Whether a measure erodes realignment and impacts the  
               prison population;
                 Whether a measure addresses a crime which is directly  
               dangerous to the physical safety of others for which there  
               is no other reasonably appropriate sanction; 
                 Whether a bill corrects a constitutional infirmity or  
               legislative drafting error; 
                 Whether a measure proposes penalties which are  
               proportionate, and cannot be achieved through any other  
               reasonably appropriate remedy; and,
                 Whether a bill addresses a major area of public safety  
               or criminal activity for which there is no other  
               reasonable, appropriate remedy.








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                                      COMMENTS

          1.   Need for This Legislation

           According to the author: 

               Civic participation can be a critical component of  
               re-entry and has been linked to reduced recidivism,  
               persons involved in our criminal justice system are  
               not apprised of their voting rights nor is accurate  
               voter information readily accessible to them.  Rumors  
               and misinformation abound, and even from courts,  
               public defenders and elections officials often give  
               out incorrect information about voter eligibility.

               AB 2243 is a modest measure that aims to ensure  
               persons involved in the criminal justice system are  
               given accurate information about their voting rights  
               and are afforded the opportunity to participate in the  
               civic life of their communities by either requiring  
               each county parole department to post hyperlink on its  
               internet website to the Secretary of State's voting  
               guide for current and formerly incarcerated persons or  
               by posting a notice with the Internet web address  
               containing the Secretary of State's voting rights  
               guide for incarcerated persons in each parole office  
               where parolees are seen.




          2.   Effect of Legislation

           This legislation will require CDCR to publish, either on  
          its website or on postings at parole offices, the Secretary  
          of State's web address.  According to those in support,  
          this will help to ensure that persons involved in the  
          criminal justice system are given accurate information  
          about their voting rights and are afforded the opportunity  
          to participate in the civic life of their communities.  



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