Amended in Assembly March 26, 2014

California Legislature—2013–14 Regular Session

Assembly Bill No. 2244

Introduced by Assembly Member Chau

February 21, 2014

An act to amend Section 23153 of the Revenue and Taxation Code, relating to taxation, to take effect immediately, tax levy.

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL’S DIGEST

AB 2244, as amended, Chau. Corporation taxes: minimum franchise tax: dormant and inactive business entities.

The Corporation Tax Law imposes taxes begin insert on, or end insert measured by begin insert , end insert income, as specified. The Corporation Tax Law imposes a minimum franchise tax of $800, except as provided, on every corporation incorporated in this state, qualified to transact intrastate business in this state, or doing business in this state, and a tax in an amount equal to the minimum franchise tax on every limited liability begin delete company end delete begin insert company, end insert limited partnership, and limited liability partnership registered, qualified to transact intrastate business, or doing business in this state, as specified.

This bill would reduce the minimum franchise tax to $200 for a dormant business entity and to $50 for an inactive business entity. This bill would define “dormant business entity” as a business entity that is organized under state law or has qualified to transact intrastate business in this state and that certifies under penalty of perjury on a tax return that it was not doing business in this state. This bill defines “inactive business entity” as a business entity, other than a limited partnership or a limited liability partnership, that is organized under state law or has qualified to transact intrastate business and that reasonably believes that it will not be doing business in this state for the taxable year.

By expanding the crime of perjury, this bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.

This bill would take effect immediately as a tax levy.

Vote: majority. Appropriation: no. Fiscal committee: yes. State-mandated local program: yes.

The people of the State of California do enact as follows:

SECTION 1.  

Section 23153 of the Revenue and Taxation Code
is amended to read:

23153.  

(a) Every corporation described in subdivision (b) shall
be subject to the minimum franchise tax specified in subdivision
(d) from the earlier of the date of incorporation, qualification, or
commencing to do business within this state, until the effective
date of dissolution or withdrawal as provided in Section 23331 or,
if later, the date the corporation ceases to do business within the
limits of this state.

(b) Unless expressly exempted by this part or the California
Constitution, subdivision (a) shall apply to each of the following:

(1) Every corporation that is incorporated under the laws of this
state.

(2) Every corporation that is qualified to transact intrastate
business in this state pursuant to Chapter 21 (commencing with
Section 2100) of Division 1 of Title 1 of the Corporations Code.

(3) Every corporation that is doing business in this state.

(c) The following entities are not subject to the minimum
franchise tax specified in this section:

(1) Credit unions.

(2) Nonprofit cooperative associations organized pursuant to
Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 54001) of Division 20 of the
Food and Agricultural Code that have been issued the certificate
of the board of supervisors prepared pursuant to Section 54042 of
the Food and Agricultural Code. The association shall be exempt
from the minimum franchise tax for five consecutive taxable years,
commencing with the first taxable year for which the certificate
is issued pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 54042 of the Food
and Agricultural Code. This paragraph only applies to nonprofit
cooperative associations organized on or after January 1, 1994.

(d) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), paragraph (1) of
subdivision (f) of Section 23151, paragraph (1) of subdivision (f)
of Section 23181, and paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) of Section
23183, corporations subject to the minimum franchise tax shall
pay annually to the state a minimum franchise tax of eight hundred
dollars ($800).

(2) The minimum franchise tax shall be twenty-five dollars
($25) for each of the following:

(A) A corporation formed under the laws of this state whose
principal business when formed was gold mining, which is inactive
and has not done business within the limits of the state since 1950.

(B) A corporation formed under the laws of this state whose
principal business when formed was quicksilver mining, which is
inactive and has not done business within the limits of the state
since 1971, or has been inactive for a period of 24 consecutive
months or more.

(3) For purposes of paragraph (2), a corporation shall not be
considered to have done business if it engages in business other
than mining.

(e) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), for taxable years beginning
on or after January 1, 1999, and before January 1, 2000, every
“qualified new corporation” shall pay annually to the state a
minimum franchise tax of five hundred dollars ($500) for the
second taxable year. This subdivision shall apply to any corporation
that is a qualified new corporation and is incorporated on or after
January 1, 1999, and before January 1, 2000.

(1) The determination of the gross receipts of a corporation, for
purposes of this subdivision, shall be made by including the gross
receipts of each member of the commonly controlled group, as
defined in Section 25105, of which the corporation is a member.

(2) “Gross receipts, less returns and allowances reportable to
this state,” means the sum of the gross receipts from the production
of business income, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 25120,
and the gross receipts from the production of nonbusiness income,
as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 25120.

(3) “Qualified new corporation” means a corporation that is
incorporated under the laws of this state or has qualified to transact
intrastate business in this state, that begins business operations at
or after the time of its incorporation and that reasonably estimates
that it will have gross receipts, less returns and allowances,
reportable to this state for the taxable year of one million dollars
($1,000,000) or less. “Qualified new corporation” does not include
any corporation that began business operations as a sole
proprietorship, a partnership, or any other form of business entity
prior to its incorporation. This subdivision shall not apply to any
corporation that reorganizes solely for the purpose of reducing its
minimum franchise tax.

(4) This subdivision shall not apply to limited partnerships, as
defined in Section 17935, limited liability companies, as defined
in Section 17941, limited liability partnerships, as described in
Section 17948, charitable corporations, as described in Section
23703, regulated investment companies, as defined in Section 851
of the Internal Revenue Code, real estate investment trusts, as
defined in Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code, real estate
mortgage investment conduits, as defined in Section 860D of the
Internal Revenue Code, qualified Subchapter S subsidiaries, as
defined in Section 1361(b)(3)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code,
or to the formation of any subsidiary corporation, to the extent
applicable.

(5) For any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1999,
and before January 1, 2000, if a corporation has qualified to pay
five hundred dollars ($500) for the second taxable year under this
subdivision, but in its second taxable year, the corporation’s gross
receipts, as determined under paragraphs (1) and (2), exceed one
million dollars ($1,000,000), an additional tax in the amount equal
to three hundred dollars ($300) for the second taxable year shall
be due and payable by the corporation on the due date of its return,
without regard to extension, for that year.

(f) (1) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), every corporation that
incorporates or qualifies to do business in this state on or after
January 1, 2000, shall not be subject to the minimum franchise tax
for its first taxable year.

(2) This subdivision shall not apply to limited partnerships, as
defined in Section 17935, limited liability companies, as defined
in Section 17941, limited liability partnerships, as described in
Section 17948, charitable corporations, as described in Section
23703, regulated investment companies, as defined in Section 851
of the Internal Revenue Code, real estate investment trusts, as
defined in Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code, real estate
mortgage investment conduits, as defined in Section 860D of the
Internal Revenue Code, and qualified Subchapter S subsidiaries,
as defined in Section 1361(b)(3)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code,
to the extent applicable.

(3) This subdivision shall not apply to any corporation that
reorganizes solely for the purpose of avoiding payment of its
minimum franchise tax.

(g) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), a domestic corporation, as
defined in Section 167 of the Corporations Code, that files a
certificate of dissolution in the office of the Secretary of State
pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 1905 of the Corporations
Code, prior to its amendment by the act amending this subdivision,
and that does not thereafter do business shall not be subject to the
minimum franchise tax for taxable years beginning on or after the
date of that filing.

(h) The minimum franchise tax imposed by paragraph (1) of
subdivision (d) shall not be increased by the Legislature by more
than 10 percent during any calendar year.

(i) (1) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), a corporation that is a
small business solely owned by a deployed member of the United
States Armed Forces shall not be subject to the minimum franchise
tax for any taxable year the owner is deployed and the corporation
operates at a loss or ceases operation.

(2) The Franchise Tax Board may promulgate regulations as
necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of this
subdivision, including a definition for “ceases operation.”

(3) For the purposes of this subdivision, all of the following
definitions apply:

(A) “Deployed” means being called to active duty or active
service during a period when a Presidential Executive order
specifies that the United States is engaged in combat or homeland
defense. “Deployed” does not include either of the following:

(i) Temporary duty for the sole purpose of training or processing.

(ii) A permanent change of station.

(B) “Operates at a loss” means negative net income as defined
in Section 24341.

(C) “Small business” means a corporation with total income
from all sources derived from, or attributable, to the state of two
hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000) or less.

(4) This subdivision shall become inoperative for taxable years
beginning on or after January 1, 2018.

(j) (1) (A) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), Section 17935,
Section 17941, or Section 17948, for taxable years beginning on
or after January 1, 2015, every dormant business entity shall pay
annually to the state a tax of two hundred dollars ($200) for a
taxable year, and every inactive business entity shall pay annually
to the state a tax of fifty dollars ($50) for a taxable year.

(B) For any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2015,
if an inactive business entity was doing business in this state, within
the meaning of subdivision (a) of Section 23101, in a taxable year,
an additional tax in the amount equal to seven hundred fifty dollars
($750) for the taxable year shall be due and payable by the business
entity on the due date of its return, without regard to extension,
for that year.

begin insert

(C) This subdivision shall not apply to a business entity that is
a majority or wholly-owned subsidiary or an affiliated business
entity of a business entity subject to this part or Part 10
(commencing with Section 17001).

end insert

(2) For the purposes of this subdivision:

(A) “Business entity” means a corporation, a limited partnership,
as defined in Section 17935, a limited liability company, as defined
in Section 17941, a limited liability partnership, as defined in
Section 17948, a charitable corporation, as described in Section
23703, a regulated investment company, as defined in Section 851
of the Internal Revenue Code, a real estate investment trust, as
defined in Section 856 of the Internal Revenue Code, a real estate
mortgage investment conduit, as defined in Section 860D of the
Internal Revenue Code, or a qualified Subchapter S subsidiary, as
defined in Section 1361(b)(3)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code.

(B) “Dormant business entity” means a business entity that is
organized under the laws of this state or has qualified to transact
intrastate business in this state, and that certifies, under penalty of
perjury, on its tax return, that it was not doing business, within the
meaning of subdivision (a) of Section 23101, in this state for the
taxable year. A business entity may be a dormant business entity
for no more than five consecutive taxable years.

(C) “Inactive business entity” means a business entity, other
than a limited partnership or a limited liability partnership, that is
organized under the laws of this state or has qualified to transact
intrastate business in this state, and that reasonably believes that
it will not be doing business, within the meaning of subdivision
(a) of Section 23101, in this state for the taxable year. A business
entity may be an inactive business entity for no more than five
consecutive taxable years.

SEC. 2.  

No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to
Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because
the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school
district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or
infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty
for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of
the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within
the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California
Constitution.

SEC. 3.  

This act provides for a tax levy within the meaning of
Article IV of the Constitution and shall go into immediate effect.