BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  AB 2252
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          CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS
          AB 2252 (John A. Pérez)
          As Amended  June 16, 2014
          Majority vote
           
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          |ASSEMBLY:  |75-0 |(April 24,      |SENATE: |33-0 |(June 30,      |
          |           |     |2014)           |        |     |2014)          |
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           Original Committee Reference:    HUM. S.

          SUMMARY  :  Extends federal consumer protection standards to child  
          support payments deposited into prepaid card accounts.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Requires that child support payments only be deposited into an  
            account that meets the requirements of a qualifying account,  
            as specified, when direct deposit is requested by a recipient  
            of child support payments.

          2)Defines qualifying account as one of the following:

             a)   A demand deposit or savings account at an insured  
               financial institution in the name of the person entitled to  
               receipt of the child support payments; or

             b)   A prepaid card account that meets all of the following:

               i)     The account is held at an insured financial  
                 institution;

               ii)    The account is set up to meet the requirements for  
                 passthrough deposit or share insurance so that the funds  
                 accessible through the account are eligible for insurance  
                 for the benefit of the person entitled to the receipt of  
                 child support payments by the Federal Deposit Insurance  
                 Corporation, as specified;

               iii)   The account is not attached to any credit or  
                 overdraft feature that is automatically repaid from the  
                 account after delivery of the payment; and

               iv)    The issuer of the card complies with all of the  
                 requirements, and provides the holder of the card with  








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                 all of the consumer protections, that apply to a payroll  
                 card account, as specified.

          1)Prohibits a person or entity that issues a prepaid card or  
            maintains or manages a prepaid card account from accepting or  
            facilitating direct deposit of child support payments to a  
            prepaid card account that does not meet the definition of  
            qualifying account, as specified.

          2)Defines financial institution as a state or national bank, a  
            state or federal savings and loan association, a mutual  
            savings bank, or a state or federal credit union.

          3)Defines issuer as a person or entity that issues a prepaid  
            card.

          4)Defines a payroll card account as an account that is  
            established through an employer and to which electronic funds  
            transfers of the recipient's wages, salary, or other employee  
            compensation are made on a recurring basis, as provided in  
            regulations implementing the federal Electronic Funds Transfer  
            Act (EFTA).

          5)Provides that a prepaid card or prepaid card account shall  
            have the same definition as provided in EFTA regulations  
            regarding general use reloadable cards, or shall be defined as  
            a card, code or other means of access to a recipient's funds  
            that is usable at automated teller machines (ATMs), or for  
            goods or services from multiple, unaffiliated merchants.

           The Senate amendments  strike provisions that would prohibit the  
          Department of Child Support Services (DCSS) from being held  
          liable for authorizing a direct deposit of child support  
          payments into a prepaid card designated by the recipient that  
          does not meet the definition of a qualifying account.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes DCSS within the California Health and Human  
            Services Agency for the purpose of administering all services  
            and performing all functions necessary to establish, collect,  
            and distribute child support.  (Family Code (FC) Code Section  
            17200)

          2)Requires each county to maintain a local child support agency,  








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            which is responsible for promptly and effectively  
            establishing, modifying and enforcing child support  
            obligations, including establishing paternity for children  
            born out of wedlock.  (FC Section 17400)

          3)Establishes under federal law the Temporary Assistance for  
            Needy Families (TANF) program to provide aid and  
            welfare-to-work services to eligible families and, in  
            California, provides that TANF aid and funds for  
            welfare-to-work services are administered through the  
            California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids  
            (CalWORKs program.  (42 United State Code (U.S.C.) Section 601  
            et seq.,  Welfare and Institutions Code (WIC) Section 11200)   
            et seq.) 

          4)Requires the local child support agency to pass through the  
            first $50 of any amount of child support collected on behalf  
            of a child included in a CalWORKs assistance unit to the  
            recipient family and disregards that amount when calculating  
            income or resources for purposes of determining eligibility  
            and establishing the family's grant amount.  (FC Section 17504  
            and WIC Section 11457.3)

          5)Imposes an administrative service fee of $25 on a custodial  
            party that is receiving services from the California child  
            support program, but has never received CalWORKs aid, to pay  
            for support order establishment, enforcement, and collection  
            services provided if the annual amount of child support  
            payments collected on behalf of the custodial party is $500 or  
            more.  (FC Section 17208 (c))

          6)Requires each county to make an agreement with one or more  
            financial institutions participating in the Automated Clearing  
            House, and requires counties to provide direct deposit by  
            electronic fund transfer of payments to any person entitled to  
            the receipt of public assistance benefits who authorizes the  
            direct deposit of benefits into the person's qualifying  
            account at a financial institution of his or her choice.  (WIC  
            Section 11006.2)

          7)Provides that unemployment compensation benefits directly  
            deposited by electronic funds transfer into an account of the  
            recipient's choice shall only be deposited into a qualifying  
            account, as defined.  (Underemployment Insurance Code (UIC)  
            Section 1339.1)








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           FISCAL EFFECT  :  None.  This bill is keyed non-fiscal by the  
          Legislative Counsel.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill seeks to align state law governing the  
          transfer or deposit of child support payments into prepaid card  
          accounts with federal protections for such accounts.  By  
          aligning with federal requirements and establishing criteria for  
          prepaid card accounts used for this purpose, this bill protects  
          custodial parents receiving child support payments, and helps  
          them avoid being subject to the inappropriate practices of  
          certain financial institutions.
           
           Child support:  The national child support program was  
          originally established by Congress in 1975 as Part D of Title IV  
          of the Social Security Act to establish paternity and collect  
          support obligations as a means of reimbursing the state and  
          federal governments for benefits paid out through public  
          assistance programs.  In California, the child support program  
          is administered by DCSS, and local child support agencies carry  
          out child support enforcement duties at the county level.

          Although a recipient of child support payments can still elect  
          to receive the payment via check, for ease of distribution, the  
          DCSS encourages recipients to receive their monthly payments  
          either through direct deposit to a bank account or on the  
          state's Electronic Pay Card.  Much like a standard debit card  
          (or electronic benefit transfer card used to receive CalWORKs  
          benefits), the Electronic Pay Card is a prepaid debit card that  
          only holds the amount of child support paid to a custodial  
          parent and has no credit capacity beyond the available funds.

          Federal Electronic Fund Transfer Act:  The EFTA (15 U.S.C.  
          Section 1693 et seq.) was established in 1978 to protect  
          individual consumers engaging in fund transfers through an  
          electronic terminal, telephone, computer, or magnetic tape that  
          instruct a financial institution to either credit or debit a  
          consumer's asset account electronically.  Within what's commonly  
          referred to as "Regulation E" of the Board of Governors of the  
          Federal Reserve System, the EFTA establishes the rights,  
          liabilities, and responsibilities of consumers who use  
          electronic fund transfer services and of financial institutions  
          that offer such services.









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          In 2010, the federal Department of the Treasury ruled to allow  
          the receipt of federal payments through an electronic method.   
          In response to concerns about which electronic means, and  
          essentially which types of card accounts, would be eligible for  
          the receipt of federal funds, the new rule contained a number of  
          criteria that prepaid cards would have to meet to be qualified  
          to receive the delivery of federal funds.  Those criteria  
          include not having an attached line of credit or loan feature  
          that would cause automatic repayment from the card account and  
          providing for liability protections for loss, theft, or  
          unauthorized charges.  This bill applies these and other  
          criteria included in the ruling for purposes of transferring or  
          depositing child support payments into prepaid card accounts.

          Prepaid cards:  Under the federal EFTA, a prepaid card is  
          generally defined as a card or other payment code or device that  
          is purchased or loaded, on a prepaid basis, and is redeemable  
          for the purchase of goods or services, or cash withdrawal at an  
          ATM.  In some cases, prepaid cards can be reloaded for purchases  
          or withdrawals.  Many people who have exhausted credit cards or  
          the ability to obtain new credit cards, or even those who don't  
          feel comfortable using traditional bank accounts, have turned to  
          using prepaid cards as a means of keeping their spending within  
          feasible limits while having the purchase and withdrawal freedom  
          of a commercial debit or credit card.   
           
          Need for this bill:  While federal standards of protection exist  
          for recipients who choose to receive child support payments on  
          the state Electronic Payment Card, similar protections do not  
          yet exist for child support payments received on other prepaid  
          cards of the recipient's choosing.  This can leave recipients  
          and their much-needed support payments in the hands of  
          ill-willed financial institutions.  

          Supporting passage of the bill and expressing the importance of  
          integrity within the child support distribution system, the  
          author states:

               Child support is critical to the financial security of  
               millions of children throughout California as well as  
               across the nation.  Most of the children who live in  
               poverty live with one parent, with the other parent  
               living elsewhere.  Child support accounts for 40% of  
               income for low-income families who receive child  
               support payments.  In addition, child support is a  








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               substantial source of income for families leaving  
               public support systems. Over 40% of children in  
               post-welfare families receive child support.  And for  
               those who do, child support accounts for 30% of their  
               income.  The child support program also provides other  
               beneficial impacts.  Effective child support programs  
               with secure distribution of payments help to promote  
               marriage and reduce births to unwed parents.  In  
               addition, parents who pay child support are more  
               likely to be involved in the lives of their children.   
               Finally, successful child support programs reduce the  
               need for public assistance.

               The lack of consumer protections for families  
               receiving child support not only endangers the  
               subsistence of California families experiencing  
               hardship, it undermines the security of the  
               noncustodial parent's contribution to support of the  
               children.  By applying federal standards, [this bill]  
               will ensure federal protections exist for child  
               support and low-income families.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Myesha Jackson / HUM. S. / (916)  
          319-2089 


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