BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2256
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2256 (Garcia)
          As Amended March 28, 2014
          Majority vote 

           JUDICIARY           7-1                                         
           
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          |Ayes:|Wieckowski, Alejo, Chau,  |     |                          |
          |     |Dickinson, Garcia,        |     |                          |
          |     |Muratsuchi, Stone         |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Maienschein               |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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           SUMMARY  :  Revises and increases statutorily prescribed fees for  
          serving, executing, and processing required court notices,  
          writs, orders, and other services provided by sheriffs, and  
          makes various other changes relating to service of civil  
          process.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Increases the fees for many services provided by sheriff's  
            departments, such as serving, executing, and processing court  
            notices, writs, and orders.  Among other things, the fee for  
            service of a summons and complaint is increased from $35 to  
            $40, and the fee for serving or executing any process or  
            notice required by law is also increased from $35 to $40.

          2)Increases, from $15 to $18, the set-aside amount of any fee  
            collected by the sheriff's civil division or marshal under  
            Government Code Sections 26721, 26722, 26725, 26726, 26728,  
            26730, 26733.5, 26734, 26736, 26738, 26742, 26743, 26744, and  
            26750 that is required to be deposited in a special fund in  
            the county treasury.

          3)Repeals the U.S. citizenship requirement that applies to any  
            person who seeks to service legal process in an action against  
            a sheriff.

          4)Requires access to a gated community by a sheriff, registered  
            process server, or licensed private investigator, whether or  
            not a guard is present, for the purpose of performing lawful  
            service of process or service of a subpoena, and repeals the  








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            requirement for disclosure of the identity of the person to be  
            served to a guard at the gated community.

          5)Provides that a sheriff or marshal may not serve a summons and  
            complaint upon a business organization whose legal business  
            form is unknown.

          6)Clarifies that, even if service of garnishment on a bank is  
            ineffective under Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) Section  
            684.115, the bank is nevertheless required to respond to the  
            legal process by mailing or delivery of the garnishee's  
            memorandum to the levying officer within the time otherwise  
            provided, with a statement on the memorandum stating that the  
            legal process was not properly served at the bank's designated  
            location for receiving legal process, and providing the  
            address at which the bank is to receive legal process.

          7)Repeals the sheriff's fee to serve a contempt warrant upon a  
            person who fails to appear for an asset examination, and makes  
            a technical correction to current law requiring the court to  
            set bail in the amount of the warrant when a warrant for  
            contempt is issued pursuant to Civil Code Section 1993(b).

          8)Clarifies that a warrant issued by the court to compel a  
            person to appear for an asset examination shall be directed to  
            any peace officer, not only a sheriff.

          9)Allows the sheriff to publish notice of service of a  
            protective order on the sheriff's public Web site, in lieu of  
            or in addition to providing such notice by email or telephone  
            to the person protected by the order.
             
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  None

           COMMENTS  :  This bill, sponsored by the California State  
          Sheriff's Association and the Los Angeles County Sheriff,  
          primarily seeks to increase fees for service of legal process  
          and other types of services provided by sheriffs.  In most  
          cases, the fee increases sought by this bill are modest and in  
          the range of $5 to $10 per service provided.  In addition, the  
          bill contains a number of otherwise unrelated provisions that  
          seek to increase operational efficiencies for sheriffs in  
          carrying out their day-to-day duties related to service of civil  
          process, and conserve scarce resources.








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          According to the author, the primary purpose of the bill is to  
          make modest increases to the fees charged by sheriffs'  
          departments to address significant budget shortfalls that have  
          impaired the sheriffs' civil process operations.  Proponents  
          state that the fees currently assessed cover only a portion of  
          the costs sheriffs incur in performing service of process, and  
          often force sheriffs' budgets to bear the majority of the  
          burden.  They contend that these proposed fee increases are  
          needed to increase revenue, help offset increasing costs, and  
          make service of process functions more self-supporting to  
          protect local governments from having to cover budgetary  
          shortfalls.

          This bill seeks increases to most types of civil process-related  
          service offered by sheriffs under the Government Code  
          (commencing with Section 26720) specifying fees to be charged by  
          sheriffs.  In addition, this bill seeks to increase, from $15 to  
          $18, the amount of any applicable fee collected by the sheriff's  
          civil division that is required to be deposited in a special  
          fund in the county treasury.  The proposed new $18 set-aside  
          amount applies to 14 types of common fees specified in the  
          Government Code.  According to the author, this is not a fee  
          increase, but rather a subsidy provision that allows the sheriff  
          to retain a greater share of fee revenue for its civil  
          operations and minimize the amount that taxpayers might have to  
          ultimately subsidize when the sheriff's costs exceed its  
          revenue.

          An increasing number of Californians now live in gated  
          communities that frequently are staffed by a guard at the main  
          entrance.  Existing law requires a sheriff or other person  
          seeking to perform service of process upon a resident of a gated  
          community staffed by a guard to display his or her  
          identification to the guard and disclose the identity of the  
          person to be served.  According to the author, conditional  
          access to a gated community conflicts with the authority of the  
          sheriff to access such areas to perform his or her legal duties,  
          including lawful service of process.  Moreover, the author  
          contends that this requirement serves little useful purpose  
          other than to alert a resident of a gated community that a  
          sheriff is present at the guard's station to serve legal process  
          and allow the resident an opportunity to avoid being served.   
          Accordingly, this bill would guarantee the sheriff (or other  








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          qualified person) access to a gated community whether or not a  
          guard is present, for the purpose of performing lawful service  
          of process or service of a subpoena, and the bill would repeal  
          the requirement that the identity of the person to be served be  
          disclosed to the guard at the gated community, if there is one.   
           
           CCP Section 415.95 permits service of a summons and complaint  
          upon a business organization whose legal business form is  
          unknown, but according to the author, does not provide clear  
          direction to sheriffs who have to serve summons and complaints  
          on such businesses.  The sheriffs contend that it is essential  
          for them to know the legal business form of the debtor when  
          attempting to enforce a writ because businesses may change their  
          legal form and complicate matters for the creditor.  This bill  
          would clarify that sheriffs cannot be compelled to serve process  
          on a business organization whose form is unknown, and would  
          essentially codify the sheriffs' current practice to instead  
          observe the rule of CCP Section 687.010(a)(4), which requires  
          the writ of execution to state the type of legal entity of the  
          judgment debtor when the debtor is not a natural person.

          Existing law permits but does not require the sheriff to notify  
          a person protected by a protective order that the order was  
          served by contacting the protected person by phone or email.   
          This bill would revise these provisions to allow the sheriff to  
          post this information to the sheriff's Web site in lieu of, or  
          in addition to, email or telephone notification.  Importantly,  
          existing law already requires notification to the protected  
          person by U.S. mail to confirm the order was served, and this  
          bill does not disturb that requirement.  Instead, it merely  
          revises the additional options for confirmation of service to  
          allow the information to be posted to a Web site, rather than an  
          email message or phone call.  According to the author, this will  
          help conserve sheriffs' resources because Web site posting is  
          more efficient than telephone calling, particularly for large  
          batches of protective orders.
           
           Among other things, this bill clarifies that, even if service of  
          garnishment on a bank is ineffective under CCP Section 684.115,  
          the bank is nevertheless required to respond to the legal  
          process by mailing or delivery of the garnishee's memorandum to  
          the levying officer, as prescribed.  By making such response  
          mandatory rather than permissive, this provision eliminates an  
          ambiguity that, according to sheriffs, was creating unintended  








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          negative consequences for sheriffs, and moreover put Section  
          684.115 in conflict with general civil law requirements that,  
          with only one exception, do not allow a person to be served to  
          refuse service at his or her discretion.

          In addition, this bill makes technical changes to clarify that a  
          warrant issued by the court to compel a person to appear for an  
          asset examination shall be directed to any peace officer, not  
          only a sheriff.  Finally, this bill repeals an outdated and  
          peculiar provision of law, dating to 1951, that requires any  
          person serving process in an action against a sheriff to be an  
          American citizen.
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Anthony Lew / JUD. / (916) 319-2334 

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