BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  AB 2262                     HEARING:  6/18/14
          AUTHOR:  Frazier                      FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  4/1/14                      TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Grinnell                 

                            PRIVATE RAILROAD CAR TAX
          

           Changes the method for assessing the private railroad car  
                                      tax.


                           Background and Existing Law  

          Section One of Article XIII of the California Constitution  
          provides that all property is taxable unless explicitly  
          exempted by the Constitution or federal law.  Section 19  
          requires the Board of Equalization (BOE) to assess property  
          owned by regulated railroads, except franchises, to the  
          same extent and in the same manner as other property.   
          While BOE assesses railroads for property tax purposes and  
          remits revenue to local agencies, owners of private rail  
          cars that aren't owned by railroads pay the "Private  
          Railroad Car Tax," similar to the Vehicle License Fee  
          because both are in-lieu of the property tax.  The Private  
          Railroad Car Tax is the only property tax that flows to the  
          state's General Fund, where it supplies approximately $8  
          million annually.  

          The base of the tax is the owner's acquisition cost of the  
          cars within a class, minus depreciation at a maximum of 80%  
          over 22 years for most cars in specified categories, 25  
          years for those that don't fit a specific category, plus  
          depreciation for improvements the owner makes to the cars.   
          The value of the car is then multiplied by the average days  
          it's physically present in the state in the last calendar  
          year.    California's average car day measurement is unique  
          among states. BOE can't consider car mileage, car days, or  
          other information about the cars when they aren't in  
          revenue service, or being repaired.  The base is then  
          multiplied by the rate of the tax, equal to the average  
          property tax rate in the state, to calculate the tax.  

          Currently, BOE's computer system for calculating the  




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          car-day count method for assessing the tax is nearing the  
          end of its useful life, and would need to procure new  
          software to continue to measure the tax under the current  
          method. BOE and the private railroad car industry want to  
          change the method for measuring the tax to account for the  
          miles travelled for each car instead of accounting for the  
          average number of days that class of rail cars owned by the  
          taxpayer is in service in California.

                                   Proposed Law  

          Assembly Bill 2262 changes the base of the Private Railroad  
          Car Tax in two ways:
                 First, the bill changes the ratio used to calculate  
               the base of the tax.  Instead of multiplying the  
               adjusted value of the car by the ratio of the amount  
               of days in service in California over the total days  
               in service, the bill changes the ratio to the mileage  
               in the state over total mileage.
                 Second, AB 2262 prohibits the car's age at  
               acquisition from being used to calculate depreciation,  

                 Lastly, the measure provides that improvements to  
               the car can't be depreciated.

          The measure also makes conforming changes to the law.


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          According to BOE, AB 2262 results in revenue losses between  
          $1.16 and $1.2 million annually.  


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author, "AB 2262  
          modernizes the way property tax is calculated on privately  
          owned railcars operating on the railroads in the state.   
          Unlike 49 other states, California requires the BOE to  
          determine the taxable value for each railcar class in the  
          owner's fleet based on the acquisition cost and time,  
          measured in the number of "car days" each car class spent  
          in the state during the preceding calendar year.  Each  
          month, five railroad car companies report border crossing  
          data (movements in and out of California) to the BOE.  A  





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          car-day count computer program processes this data and  
          determines the number of days each car was physically  
          present in California during the calendar year immediately  
          preceding each lien date.  The car-day count software  
          program is near the end of its useful life.  Switching to a  
          mileage-based system would avoid the cost to replace the  
          software, which BOE staff estimates would cost at least  
          $500,000 and bring California in line with every other  
          state that taxes private railcars.  Under current practices  
          in the industry, mileage data is already captured as  
          railroad companies currently use mileage to bill private  
          railcar owners traveling on their systems.  Switching to  
          mileage reduces the compliance burden on private railcar  
          owners and railroads to comply with California's unique  
          car-day system.  As such, the resulting system will be less  
          complicated and less costly for the BOE to administer and  
          will reduce compliance costs for the industry.  Further,  
          streamlining the administration of this tax allows BOE to  
          assign more senior staff to other duties."

          2.   Free ride  ?  AB 2262 simplifies the method for assessing  
          the private railroad car tax, as BOE would need to only  
          verify the mileage any car travelled instead of a measuring  
          the average days a class of cars spending in service in the  
          state.  Additionally, the bill would delete BOE's need to  
          replace old information technology, thereby creating  
          savings for the state.  However, while changing from one  
          method to another may shift the burden between taxpayers in  
          the private rail car industry; the bill enacts an aggregate  
          $1 million tax cut.  Instead, the measure could include an  
          assessment factor or other provision that ensures that the  
          state doesn't lose any revenue as a result of the method  
          change.  The Committee may wish to consider whether the  
          change in the method of assessing the private railroad car  
          tax should result in a net revenue loss.

          3.   Technical  .  BOE and Committee staff suggest deleting  
          Revenue and Taxation Code �11292 subdivision (g) to ensure  
          that improvements are valued according to the change made  
          at the beginning of that section.  
           

                                 Assembly Actions  

          Assembly Floor                     75-0
          Assembly Appropriations                 16-0





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          Assembly Revenue and Taxation      8-0


                        Support and Opposition  (06/12/14)

           Support  :  BNSF Railroad; Board of Equalization; Board of  
          Equalization Member George Runner; California Association  
          of Port Authorities; California Railroad Industry;  
          California Short Line Railway Association; Railway Supply  
          Institute; Union Pacific Railroad,

           Opposition  :   None received.