BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2297
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2297 (Levine)
          As Amended April 24, 2014
          Majority vote 

           HEALTH              16-2        APPROPRIATIONS      13-4        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Pan, Ammiano, Rendon,     |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |
          |     |Bonilla, Bonta, Ch�vez,   |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Chesbro, Gomez, Gonzalez, |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |
          |     |Roger Hern�ndez,          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Holden,    |
          |     |Lowenthal, Nazarian,      |     |Linder, Pan, Quirk,       |
          |     |Waldron, Patterson,       |     |Ridley-Thomas, Weber      |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Wieckowski |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Maienschein, Wagner       |Nays:|Bigelow, Donnelly, Jones, |
          |     |                          |     |Wagner                    |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Allows certain health facilities to use reliable  
          alternative clean energy technologies as primary or backup power  
          sources if the technology meets reliability requirements set  
          forth by federal and state regulators.  Requires the Office of  
          Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) to submit  
          guidelines for the use of reliable alternative clean energy  
          technologies to the California Building Standards Commission  
          (CBSC) in the next triennial edition of the California Building  
          Standards Code.  

           EXISTING LAW  establishes OSHPD which, among other things, is  
          responsible for developing the building standards for the  
          adequacy, safety, and sanitation of the physical plant of  
          general acute care hospitals and requires regulations adopted  
          pursuant to law to permit program flexibility by the use of  
          alternate concepts, methods, procedures, techniques, and  
          equipment.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, staff costs, likely minor and absorbable, to OSHPD  
          and the CBSC, to incorporate building standards specific to  
          clean energy technology for backup power generation in the next  
          revision of the California Building Standards Code.









                                                                  AB 2297
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           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, the health and environmental  
          risks of diesel exhaust have been well-documented.  The author  
          also notes that processes are underway at the federal level to  
          explore making current regulations on essential backup  
          technologies technologically neutral, and that this means that,  
          so long as technology is as reliable and safe as diesel  
          generators, they could be used as replacements.  The author  
          concludes that this bill simply directs the state to prepare for  
          these standards by allowing for clean energy technologies that  
          are at least as reliable as diesel generators.

          Health facilities are required to maintain backup generators to  
          provide emergency lighting and power supplies in case of a power  
          failure.  State and federal regulations require hospitals to  
          store enough fuel to operate the generators for 48 hours.  All  
          general acute care hospitals in California use diesel generators  
          as their backup.  

          State building standards.  Building standards submitted to the  
          CBSC for approval are required, by law, to be accompanied by an  
          analysis which will, to the satisfaction of the CBSC, justify  
          their approval.  The approval of the proposed building standards  
          is based on a nine point list of criteria that must be met,  
          including whether or not the proposed building standards  
          conflict with, overlap, or duplicate other building standards,  
          and that the applicable national specifications, published  
          standards, and model codes have been incorporated where  
          appropriate. 

          Diesel.  Diesel engines emit a complex mixture of air  
          pollutants, including particulate matter.  In 1998, the  
          California Air Resources Board identified diesel particulate  
          matter as a toxic air contaminant based on its potential to  
          cause cancer and other adverse health effects.  In addition to  
          particulate matter, emissions from diesel engines include over  
          40 other cancer-causing substances.  A report issued in 2002 by  
          the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) estimates that the cancer  
          risk from diesel exhaust is about 10 times higher than from all  
          other toxic air effects on the respiratory, neurological, and  
          immune systems, especially for vulnerable groups such as  
          children and people who are ill and at a higher risk of injury  
          and illness due to exposure to diesel exhaust.

          Environmental Protection Agency regulations, which go into  








                                                                  AB 2297
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          effect in 2015, will require emergency engines to use cleaner  
          fuel, ultra-low sulfur diesel however, the rules re-state that  
          in an emergency, such as a hurricane or earthquake, any engine  
          of any size can operate without meeting emission limits.

          The National Resources Defense Council (NRDC) supports this bill  
          and writes that currently hospitals are required to have diesel  
          back-up generators on-site in case electricity from the grid  
          fails and these backup generators are required to be tested at  
          regular intervals.  NRDC further argues that diesel back-up  
          generators contribute to local air pollution problems and that  
          even though other technologies exist that provide similar  
          electrical back-up capacities and are cleaner than back-up  
          diesel generating technologies, significant regulator  
          impediments exist that prevent hospitals from utilizing these  
          cleaner technologies.

          EDF also supports this bill stating that researchers estimate  
          that as many as 60,000 Americans die prematurely each year  
          because of exposure to fine particles and diesel back-up  
          generators emit fine particles at extremely high rates.  EDF  
          states that this bill will help allow for the adoption of less-  
          or non-polluting technologies in many of the areas of California  
          most impacted by localized air pollution.  

           No opposition on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Lara Flynn / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097 


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