BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          AB 2332 (Wieckowski) - Courts: personal service contracts.
          
          Amended: July 1, 2014           Policy Vote: Judiciary 5-2
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: August 4, 2014                            
          Consultant: Jolie Onodera       
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary: AB 2332 would establish standards for the use of  
          contracts by the trial courts for all services currently or  
          customarily performed by that trial court's employees, as  
          specified. This bill would restrict the use of personal services  
          contracts to those resulting in actual overall cost savings to  
          the trial court for the duration of the entire contract,  
          permitting contracts only if specified conditions are met.

          Fiscal Impact:
           Unknown, significant loss of future cost savings potentially  
            in the millions of dollars (General Fund*) per year to the  
            extent the provisions of this measure restrict the ability of  
            courts to transition to the use of technology-based services  
            for existing court services, including but not limited to  
            court reporting. 
           Unknown, significant costs potentially in the millions of  
            dollars (General Fund*) to the extent the standards  
            established in this bill limit the courts' ability to  
            negotiate contracts for services, including but not limited to  
            for extended contracts (limits contract terms to five years),  
            pay rates, and contracts with non-local governmental agencies.  
            (See Staff Comments)
           Ongoing significant administrative costs (General Fund*) to  
            the courts to demonstrate that a decision to contract out for  
            services is allowable under the bill's parameters.
           To the extent the contracting restrictions expose the trial  
            courts to legal action from persons or groups contesting  
            whether the specified conditions were met, additional costs  
            could be incurred. 
          *Trial Court Trust Fund (TCTF)

          Background: Under existing law, most governmental entities are  








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          authorized to utilize personal services contracts to achieve  
          cost savings only if specified standards are satisfied, chief  
          among them being that the entity clearly demonstrates actual  
          overall cost savings based upon certain information. These  
          entities include executive branch agencies, public schools,  
          community colleges, and libraries.

          In response to significant budget reductions experienced by the  
          courts over the past five years, many courts have sought  
          alternative ways to provide services to the public with limited  
          resources, including the use of personal services contracts.  
          Examples of services that trial courts currently contract out  
          for include court reporters, court interpreters, child custody  
          evaluations, probate investigations, family law facilitators,  
          minors' counsel in dependency cases, child custody mediation  
          services, security guards, personnel services, payroll,  
          information services, collections, labor negotiation services,  
          and transcripts for electronically recorded proceedings. 

          This bill seeks to authorize the use of service contracts  
          subject to specified contracting standards such as competitive  
          bidding, performance standards, and financial audits.

          Proposed Law: This bill would provide that if a trial court  
          intends to enter into a contract for any services that are  
          currently or customarily performed by that trial court's  
          employees, all of the following requirements shall apply:
                 The trial court shall clearly demonstrate that the  
               contract will result in actual overall cost savings to the  
               court for the duration of the entire contract as compared  
               with the court's actual costs of providing the same  
               services, as specified.
                 The contract shall not be approved solely on the basis  
               that savings will result from lower contractor pay rates or  
               benefits, except contracts are eligible for approval if the  
               contractor's wages are at the industry level and do not  
               undercut trial court pay rates.
                 The contract cannot cause an existing trial court  
               employee to incur a loss of his or her employment or  
               employment seniority, a reduction in wages, benefits, or  
               hours, or an involuntary transfer to a new location  
               requiring a change in residence.
                 The contract cannot be approved if, in light of the  
               services provided by trial courts and the special nature of  








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               the judicial function, it would be inconsistent with the  
               public interest to have the services performed by a private  
               entity. 
                 The contract must be awarded through a publicized,  
               competitive bidding process.
                 The contract must include specific provisions pertaining  
               to the qualifications of the staff that will perform the  
               work under the contract, as well as assurances that the  
               contractor's hiring practices meet applicable  
               nondiscrimination standards.
                 The contract must provide that it may be terminated at  
               any time by the trial court without penalty if there is a  
               material breach of the contract and notice is provided  
               within 30 days of termination.
                 The term of the contract shall not be more than five  
               years from the date on which the trial court approves the  
               contract. 
                 Provides that the bill's provisions do not preclude a  
               trial court or the Judicial Council from adopting more  
               restrictive rules regarding the contracting of court  
               services.

          This bill provides that the provisions of the bill do not apply  
          to a contract under specified circumstances such as if the  
          contract is between a trial court and another trial court or a  
          local government entity, or the contract is for a new trial  
          court function and the Legislature has specifically mandated or  
          authorized the performance of the services by independent  
          contractors. Additional exemptions from the above requirements  
          include:
                 If the services contracted for are of such a highly  
               specialized or technical nature that the necessary expert  
               knowledge, experience, and ability cannot be obtained from  
               the court's trial court employees.
                 Exempts "service agreements," including agreements to  
               service or maintain office equipment or computers that are  
               leased or rented, but contract agreements to operate  
               equipment or computers, except as necessary to service or  
               maintain that equipment, are not exempt.
                 With the exception of the services of official court  
               reporters, provides that the provisions of the bill do not  
               apply to a contract if the services are of such an urgent,  
               temporary, or occasional nature that the delay incumbent in  
               their implementation through the process for hiring trial  








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               court employees would frustrate their very purpose.  
               Provides that individual official reporters pro tempore may  
               be used when the criteria of this paragraph are met.
                 Authorizes the use of personal services contracts  
               developed pursuant to rehabilitation programs or programs  
               vendored or contracted through a regional center or the  
               Department of Developmental Services, and the contract will  
               not cause an existing trial court employee to incur a loss  
               of his or her employment or seniority, a reduction in  
               wages, benefits, or hours, or an involuntary transfer to a  
               new location requiring a change in residence.
                 Exempts contracts for services of court interpreters, as  
               specified. 

          This bill provides that the bills' provisions apply to any  
          contract entered into on or after January 1, 2015.

                 Requires each trial court to provide a report no later  
               than February 1, 2015, to the chairpersons of specified  
               legislative committees if the trial court enters into a  
               contract between July 1, 2014, and December 31, 2014, for  
               services provided or customarily provided by its trial  
               court employees if the contract extends beyond March 31,  
               2015. Provides that it is the intent of the Legislature to  
               consider the reduction of future budget appropriations to  
               each trial court by the amount of any contract analyzed  
               pursuant to this bill if the Legislature concludes that the  
               contract would not have been permissible under the new  
               standards.

          Prior Legislation: AB 566 (Wieckowski) 2013 was similar to this  
          bill and was vetoed by the Governor with the following message:

          I am returning Assembly Bill 566 without my signature. I agree  
          with the author that decisions to change the way court services  
          are provided should be carefully evaluated to ensure they are  
          both fair and cost-effective. However, this measure goes too  
          far. It requires California's courts to meet overly detailed and  
          - in some cases - nearly impossible requirements when entering  
          into or renewing certain contracts. Other provisions are unclear  
          and will lead to confusion about what services may or may not be  
          subject to this measure. 

          The courts, like many of our governmental agencies, are under  








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          tremendous funding pressure and face the challenge of doing  
          their work at a lower cost. I am unwilling to restrict the  
          flexibility of our courts, as specified in this bill, as they  
          face these challenges.

          Related Legislation: AB 438 (Williams) Chapter 611/2011 imposes  
          requirements, until January 1, 2019, on a city or library  
          district that intends to withdraw from a county free library  
          system and operate libraries with a private contractor.
          
          SB 1419 (Alarcon) Chapter 894/2002 established standards for the  
          use of personal service contracts in California school districts  
          and community college districts.

          AB 3336 (Ryan) Chapter 1057/1982 established standards for the  
          use of personal service contracts in California executive branch  
          agencies.
          
          Staff Comments: This bill will require the trial courts to  
          convert existing contracts to court employees rather than  
          renewing or extending existing contracts on or after January 1,  
          2015, at a statewide cost potentially in the millions of dollars  
          (General Fund). Additionally, greater impacts could be incurred  
          prospectively as opportunities to increase operating  
          efficiencies are discouraged due to the contracting restrictions  
          outlined in the bill.

          This bill creates a list of circumstances under which the  
          contract requirements of the bill do not apply. One such  
          exception includes services of a temporary, occasional, or  
          urgent nature such that the delay incumbent in their  
          implementation through the process for hiring trial court  
          employees would frustrate their very purpose. This bill also  
          creates an exception to this allowance, and states that this  
          exception does not apply to the services of official court  
          reporters, except individual official reporters pro tempore may  
          be used when the criteria above are met. In the absence of an  
          exception for contracting out for court reporter services,  
          numerous courts could incur significant additional costs  
          estimated in the low millions of dollars annually.

          This bill requires the trial courts to demonstrate that a  
          decision to contract out for services is allowable under the  
          bill's parameters This provision of the bill is estimated to  








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          result in ongoing significant administrative costs to the trial  
          courts. Additionally, this bill requires each trial court to  
          provide a report to specified legislative committees on  
          contracts entered into between July 1, 2014 and December 31,  
          2014.

          While modeled upon existing statutes requiring governmental  
          entities (executive branch agencies, public K-12 schools,  
          community colleges, libraries) to meet specified standards  
          before executing personal service contracts, this bill differs  
          from existing statutes under specified provisions, including the  
          following:
                 Under Government Code (GC) � 19130(a)(1), contracting  
               for personal services is permissible if the contracting  
               agency clearly demonstrates that the proposed contract will  
               result in actual overall cost savings to the state. Under  
               this bill's provisions, trial courts must clearly  
               demonstrate that the contract will result in actual overall  
               cost savings for the duration of the entire contract. This  
               provision appears to be a more restrictive standard for  
               trial courts to adhere to, as contracts that may have  
               greater up-front costs but cost savings in subsequent  
               years, resulting in overall cost savings to the trial court  
               over the life of the contract, would be prohibited. 
                 Under GC � 19130(a)(2), government agency proposals to  
               contract out work are eligible for approval if the  
               contractor's wages are at the industry's level and do not  
               significantly undercut state pay rates. Under the  
               provisions of this bill, trial court contracts are eligible  
               for approval only if the contractor's wages are at the  
               industry's level and do not undercut trial court pay rates.  
               This provision appears to be a more restrictive standard  
               for trial courts to adhere to than other governmental  
               agencies (with the exception of libraries).  
                 The following exception is included in other personal  
               services contracting statutes (GC � 19130(b)(8), EC �  
               45103.1(b)(6), and EC � 88003.1(b)(6)), but is not included  
               as an exception for the trial courts: "The contractor will  
               provide equipment, materials, facilities, or support  
               services that could not feasibly be provided by the state  
               in the location where the services are to be performed."
                 Under GC � 19130(a)(6), personal services contracting is  
               allowable for governmental agencies if the amount of  
               savings clearly justify the size and duration of the  








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               contracting agreement. Under this bill's provisions, the  
               term of any contract is limited to no more than five years.  
               This provision appears to be a more restrictive standard  
               for trial courts to adhere to than the standards imposed on  
               state agencies and schools.

          To the extent the contracting restrictions expose the trial  
          courts to legal action from persons or groups contesting whether  
          the specified conditions were met, additional costs could also  
          be incurred. Courts may additionally claim that because the bill  
          limits their ability to negotiate personal services contracts  
          that may result in savings, they will incur increased costs.