BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                            Senator Loni Hancock, Chair              A
                             2013-2014 Regular Session               B

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          AB 2411 (Bonta)                                            1
          As Amended May 23, 2014 
          Hearing date:  June 24, 2014
          Penal Code
          AA:sl

                                    SEX OFFENDERS:

                                  CONTAINMENT MODEL  


                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Author

          Prior Legislation: AB 1844 (Fletcher) - Ch. 219, Stats. 2010

          Support: California Sex Offender Management Board

          Opposition:Taxpayers for Improving Public Safety; California  
          Attorneys for Criminal Justice

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes 75 - Noes 0


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD THE STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS OF THE CONTAINMENT MODEL  
          ESTABLISHED IN 2010 BY "CHELSEA'S LAW," APPLICABLE TO SEX OFFENDERS  
          ON PROBATION OR PAROLE, BE CLARIFIED?


                                       PURPOSE

          The purpose of this bill is to clarify that certain sex  
          offenders who are on parole or probation are subject to  









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          supervision consistent with the containment model requirements  
          of "Chelsea's Law," regardless of when the person's crime or  
          crimes were committed, as specified.

           Current law  generally specifies that persons placed on formal  
          probation and parole for a crime that requires registration as a  
          sex offender be required to participate in, and successfully  
          complete as a condition of release from probation, an approved  
          sex offender management program, as specified.  (Penal Code ��  
          1203.067 and 3008.)

           This bill  would clarify these sections, stating that  
          participation in this program applies to every person described  
          without regard to when his or her crime or crimes were  
          committed.

                    RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION

          For the last several years, severe overcrowding in California's  
          prisons has been the focus of evolving and expensive litigation  
          relating to conditions of confinement.  On May 23, 2011, the  
          United States Supreme Court ordered California to reduce its  
          prison population to 137.5 percent of design capacity within two  
          years from the date of its ruling, subject to the right of the  
          state to seek modifications in appropriate circumstances.   

          Beginning in early 2007, Senate leadership initiated a policy to  
          hold legislative proposals which could further aggravate the  
          prison overcrowding crisis through new or expanded felony  
          prosecutions.  Under the resulting policy, known as "ROCA"  
          (which stands for "Receivership/ Overcrowding Crisis  
          Aggravation"), the Committee held measures that created a new  
          felony, expanded the scope or penalty of an existing felony, or  
          otherwise increased the application of a felony in a manner  
          which could exacerbate the prison overcrowding crisis.  Under  
          these principles, ROCA was applied as a content-neutral,  
          provisional measure necessary to ensure that the Legislature did  
          not erode progress towards reducing prison overcrowding by  
          passing legislation, which would increase the prison population.  
            

          In January of 2013, just over a year after the enactment of the  


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          historic Public Safety Realignment Act of 2011, the State of  
          California filed court documents seeking to vacate or modify the  
          federal court order requiring the state to reduce its prison  
          population to 137.5 percent of design capacity.  The State  
          submitted that the, ". . .  population in the State's 33 prisons  
          has been reduced by over 24,000 inmates since October 2011 when  
          public safety realignment went into effect, by more than 36,000  
          inmates compared to the 2008 population . . . , and by nearly  
          42,000 inmates since 2006 . . . ."  Plaintiffs opposed the  
          state's motion, arguing that, "California prisons, which  
          currently average 150% of capacity, and reach as high as 185% of  
          capacity at one prison, continue to deliver health care that is  
          constitutionally deficient."  In an order dated January 29,  
          2013, the federal court granted the state a six-month extension  
          to achieve the 137.5 % inmate population cap by December 31,  
          2013.  

          The Three-Judge Court then ordered, on April 11, 2013, the state  
          of California to "immediately take all steps necessary to comply  
          with this Court's . . . Order . . . requiring defendants to  
          reduce overall prison population to 137.5% design capacity by  
          December 31, 2013."  On September 16, 2013, the State asked the  
          Court to extend that deadline to December 31, 2016.  In  
          response, the Court extended the deadline first to January 27,  
          2014 and then February 24, 2014, and ordered the parties to  
          enter into a meet-and-confer process to "explore how defendants  
          can comply with this Court's June 20, 2013 Order, including  
          means and dates by which such compliance can be expedited or  
          accomplished and how this Court can ensure a durable solution to  
          the prison crowding problem."

          The parties were not able to reach an agreement during the  
          meet-and-confer process.  As a result, the Court ordered  
          briefing on the State's requested extension and, on February 10,  
          2014, issued an order extending the deadline to reduce the  
          in-state adult institution population to 137.5% 
          design capacity to February 28, 2016.  The order requires the  
          state to meet the following interim and final population  
          reduction benchmarks:

                 143% of design bed capacity by June 30, 2014;
                 141.5% of design bed capacity by February 28, 2015; and,


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                 137.5% of design bed capacity by February 28, 2016. 

          If a benchmark is missed the Compliance Officer (a position  
          created by the February 10, 2016 order) can order the release of  
          inmates to bring the State into compliance with that benchmark.   


          In a status report to the Court dated May 15, 2014, the state  
          reported that as of May 14, 2014, 116,428 inmates were housed in  
          the State's 34 adult institutions, which amounts to 140.8% of  
          design bed capacity, and 8,650 inmates were housed in  
          out-of-state facilities.   

          The ongoing prison overcrowding litigation indicates that prison  
          capacity and related issues concerning conditions of confinement  
          remain unresolved.  While real gains in reducing the prison  
          population have been made, even greater reductions may be  
          required to meet the orders of the federal court.  Therefore,  
          the Committee's consideration of ROCA bills -bills that may  
          impact the prison population - will be informed by the following  
          questions:

                 Whether a measure erodes realignment and impacts the  
               prison population;
                 Whether a measure addresses a crime which is directly  
               dangerous to the physical safety of others for which there  
               is no other reasonably appropriate sanction; 
                 Whether a bill corrects a constitutional infirmity or  
               legislative drafting error; 
                 Whether a measure proposes penalties which are  
               proportionate, and cannot be achieved through any other  
               reasonably appropriate remedy; and,
                 Whether a bill addresses a major area of public safety  
               or criminal activity for which there is no other  
               reasonable, appropriate remedy.









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                                      COMMENTS

          1.  What This Bill Would Do

           This bill would clarify that the supervision requirements for  
          sex offenders on probation or parole which were enacted in 2010  
          as part of Chelsea's Law- generally known as the "Containment  
          Model" - apply to these offenders without regard to when their  
          crime or crimes were committed.

          2.  Background - Containment Model

           In 2006, the California Sex Offender Management Board was  
          created to "address any issues, concerns, and problems related  
          to the community management of adult sex offenders.  The main  
          objective of the board, which shall be used to guide the board  
          in prioritizing resources and use of time, is to achieve safer  
          communities by reducing victimization."<1>

          The Board stated in its January 2010 report that it strongly  
          recommended that the sex offender management strategies  
          collectively known as the Containment Model be implemented  
          statewide.  

               The Containment Model has been identified by the  
               CASOMB as the best practice for community supervision  
               of sex offenders. . . .     

               The Containment Model calls for a collaborative effort  
               of sex offender specific treatment providers, law  
               enforcement supervising agents such as probation  
               officers or parole agents, polygraphists providing  
               specialized testing as both a treatment and monitoring  
               tool and victim advocacy participants whenever  
               possible.  The offender is supervised and overseen  
               within this context.  . . .     Supervision alone is  
               not as effective as the full Containment Model.   
               Public safety would be increased if the Containment  
               Model were required throughout the State for all sex  

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          <1>   Penal Code � 9002, enacted by AB 1015 (Chu and  
          Spitzer)(Ch. 338, Stats. 2006).








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               offenders, whether on parole or probation.<2>

          In a February 2013 update on Chelsea's Law implementation, the  
          Board stated in part:

               To provide assistance with the implementation of the  
               Containment Model statewide - a sex offender  
               management approach required by Chelsea's Law - CASOMB  
               partnered with the Chief Probation Officers of  
               California to sponsor five Containment Model trainings  
               in various locations statewide for probation officers  
               and other appropriate attendees.  The original idea of  
               developing
               and presenting such trainings originated with CASOMB.   
               Implementation was accomplished through the direct  
               efforts of CASOMB Board Members, CASOMB staff and the  
               contributions of volunteer experts.  It appears that,  
               through the training process, important communication  
               links are increasing between probation officers,  
               treatment providers, local law enforcement agencies  
               and polygraph examiners.  Had these trainings not been  
               held, the concept of "Containment" would have remained  
               a vague and poorly understood buzz word that conveyed  
               little sense of the complex realities involved and had  
               little impact on day-to-day practices.  CASOMB views  
               its efforts to date as a very positive contribution to  
               beginning Containment implementation.
           
           
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          ---------------------------
          <2>   Id at 32-33.