BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2465
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          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2465 (Chesbro)
          As Amended  April 21, 2014
          Majority vote 

           NATURAL RESOURCES   8-0         APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Chesbro, Dahle, Bigelow,  |Ayes:|Gatto, Bigelow,           |
          |     |Garcia, Muratsuchi,       |     |Bocanegra, Bradford, Ian  |
          |     |Patterson, Stone,         |     |Calderon, Campos,         |
          |     |Williams                  |     |Donnelly, Eggman, Gomez,  |
          |     |                          |     |Holden, Jones, Linder,    |
          |     |                          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |
          |     |                          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Wagner,    |
          |     |                          |     |Weber                     |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Department of Forestry and Fire  
          Protection (CAL FIRE) to create a uniformed prescribed burn plan  
          template for forest fuel treatment.  Requires CAL FIRE and the  
          Air Resources Board (ARB) to develop a webpage that contains the  
          uniformed prescribed burn plan template and centralizes state  
          information pertinent to prescribed burning for the purpose of  
          promoting prescribed fire as a fuel treatment technique.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :  
           
          1)Makes findings and declaration regarding wildfires and  
            prescribed burns.

          2)To assist landowners in conducting prescribed burns for the  
            purpose of forest fuel treatment, requires CAL FIRE, in  
            consultation with ARB and local air districts, to, no later  
            than July 1, 2015, do all of the following:

             a)   Develop a page on CAL FIRE's Web site that provides all  
               of the following:

               i)     Information on the regulations governing prescribed  
                 burns for forest fuel treatment;

               ii)    Specific information about permissive burn days and  
                 no-burn days; 








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               iii)   The uniform prescribed burn template; 

               iv)    Contact information for the offices at CAL FIRE,  
                 ARB, and local air districts that can assist a person who  
                 is interested in a prescribed burn for forest fuel  
                 treatment; and,

               v)     Any other information that CAL FIRE determines is  
                 appropriate regarding prescribed burns for forest fuel  
                 treatment.

             b)   Develop a uniform prescribed burn template.  Requires  
               the template to provide assistance to a person, who is  
               interested in conducting forest fuel treatment through a  
               prescribed burn, to do all of the following:

               i)      Use best management practices to ensure the owner  
                 exercises due diligence in controlling the burn;

               ii)    Minimize impacts to the environment and public  
                 health while maximizing the fire resiliency of the  
                 treated forest; and,

               iii)   Obtain the appropriate regulatory approval from CAL  
                 FIRE and local air districts.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Prohibits a person from burning any brush, stumps, logs,  
            fallen timber, fallows, slash, grass-covered land,  
            brush-covered land, forest-covered land, or other flammable  
            material, in any state responsibility area unless the person  
            has a written permit from CAL FIRE. 

          2)CAL FIRE's Private Burn Permit Program.

             a)   Declares that it is a public purpose for CAL FIRE to  
               cooperate with any person desiring to use prescribed  
               burning as a means of converting brush-covered lands into  
               forage lands, which has as its objective prevention of high  
               intensity wild land fires, watershed management, range  
               improvement, vegetation management, forest improvement,  
               wildlife habitat improvement, and maintenance of air  








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               quality, or any combination thereof.

             b)   Requires CAL FIRE to provide advisory service to  
               applicants for permits as to precautions to be taken by the  
               applicant to prevent damage to the property of others by  
               reason of the prescribed burning.  Requires CAL FIRE to  
               provide standby fire protection, to such extent as  
               personnel, fire crews, and firefighting equipment are  
               available.

             c)   Authorizes any landowner with brush-covered land within  
               a state responsibility area to apply to CAL FIRE for  
               permission to burn the brush from such lands.  Requires the  
               application to be on a form prescribed by CAL FIRE and to  
               contain a description of the lands and such other pertinent  
               information as the CAL FIRE may require.

          3)Creates the Smoke Management Guidelines for Agricultural and  
            Prescribed Burning, which addresses, among other things,  
            prescribed burning for forest improvement, to provide  
            direction to regional air districts in the regulation and  
            control of agricultural burning.  (According to Title 17  
            California Code of Regulations (CCR) Section 80100, these  
            guidelines are intended to provide for the continuation of  
            agricultural burning, including prescribed burning, as a  
            resource management tool, and provide increased opportunities  
            for prescribed burning and agricultural burning, while  
            minimizing smoke impacts on the public.)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee:

          1)Increased annual costs in the $150,000 to $175,000 range for  
            CAL FIRE to develop, maintain, and manage the information  
            required to be incorporated on the webpage (State  
            Responsibility Area Fund);

          2)Minor, absorbable costs for CAL FIRE  to develop the uniform  
            prescribed burn template; and,

          3)Absorbable costs for ARB to consult with CAL FIRE.

           COMMENTS  :  For thousands of years, California's forests were  
          sculpted by frequent, low- to moderate-intensity wildfires.   








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          However, fire suppression, the preferential harvest of  
          large-diameter trees, and forestland conversion over the past  
          150 years have worsened fuel conditions over millions of acres  
          of forests such that recent wildfires have tended to be larger  
          and more severe, and this trend will likely continue given  
          climate change.

          Fire experts generally recognize that if hazardous fuels (e.g.,  
          downed wood, shrubs, intermediate-size trees that can carry fire  
          into the forest canopy) are not reduced, the number of severe  
          wildland fires and the costs associated with suppressing them  
          will continue to increase.  For example, the cost to respond to  
          last year's Rim Fire, which burned more than 250,000 acres in  
          the central Sierra Nevada region, was estimated at $125.8  
          million as of September 27, 2013.  In 2008, the Basin Complex  
          and Indians Fire in Monterey County burned almost 240,000 acres  
          and cost approximately $120 million.  These two fires are  
          considered among the largest and most costly in state history.    


          The ecological impacts of these larger fires are also  
          significant.  Preliminary reports show that the Rim Fire  
          severely altered the habitat that is home to several of  
          California's rarest animals:  the great gray owl, the Sierra  
          Nevada red fox, and the Pacific fisher.  These fires also  
          uncover sediments that erode into streams, affecting various  
          types of fish and wildlife. 

          A recent scientific article published by the Journal of  
          Bioscience, explains that forest fuel reduction using prescribed  
          fire and mechanical treatment (i.e., removal of small trees with  
          heavy equipment and/or grinding up small trees and shrubs) is  
          generally effective at reducing future fire intensity and  
          improving tree health without negatively impacting understory  
          vegetation, soil density or erosion, wildlife, or carbon  
          storage.   
          (http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/fettig/psw_2012_fettig001( 
          stephens).pdf)  

          Prescribed fire is a relatively inexpensive way to reduce  
          surface and ladder fuels.  Mechanical treatments are generally  
          more expensive, though the small and intermediate sized trees  
          removed can produce wood products such as sawlogs or biomass  
          chips to offset treatment costs.  This is highly dependent,  








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          however, on the proximity of the site to a sawmill or biomass  
          facility since transporting chips and logs is relatively high.

          On March 11, 2014, the author's office held a stakeholder  
          workshop on fuel treatment.  During this workshop, some of the  
          stakeholders expressed interest in the creation of a uniformed  
          prescribed burn plan template (similar to templates developed  
          throughout the country) to help provide private forestland  
          owners with information needed to conduct prescribe fire in a  
          manner that meets all regulatory requirements and promotes best  
          management practices.  It was also apparent during the workshop  
          discussions that forest landowners could benefit from better  
          communication and coordination with CAL FIRE, ARB, and local air  
          districts.  This bill will create a uniformed prescribed burn  
          plan template and require CAL FIRE and ARB to develop a webpage  
          that contains the template and centralizes existing information  
          maintained by CAL FIRE and ARB to help people utilize state  
          resources regarding prescribed fire. 
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Mario DeBernardo / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092 


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