BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Carol Liu, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       AB 2512
          AUTHOR:        Bonilla
          AMENDED:       April 22, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  June 4, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

           SUBJECT  :  Gender equity in athletic programs.
          
           SUMMARY
           
          This bill authorizes, beginning January 1, 2018, school  
          districts and county offices of education to include  
          information relative to compliance with Title IX gender  
          equity in the "school climate" category of local control  
          and accountability plans.

           BACKGROUND
           
           Title IX
           
          Current federal law provides that, in part, "no person in  
          the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded  
          from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be  
          subjected to discrimination under any educational program  
          of activity receiving Federal financial assistance."  In  
          order to be in compliance with Federal Title IX, a school  
          must show compliance with one of these three parts.  The  
          federal tests are:

          1)   Athletic participation of women and girls is  
               proportionate to enrollment.

          2)   The school has a history and continuing practice of  
               program expansion for women or girls.

          3)   The school is fully meeting female athletes' interests  
               and abilities in its present athletic program. (Title  
               IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 to the 1964  
               Civil Rights Act)








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          Current state law establishes standards virtually identical  
          to those of Federal Title IX, with one modification: in  
          Test 2, "history" is defined to mean the past two years.  
          (Education Code � 230)

          Each school district and county office of education, or a  
          local public or private agency that receives funding from  
          the state or federal government, is required to designate a  
          person to serve as the Title IX compliance coordinator to  
          enforce compliance at the local level, including  
          coordinating any complaints of non-compliance.  (Title IX  
          of the Education Amendments of 1972 to the 1964 Civil  
          Rights Act; California Code of Regulations, Title 5,  
          Section 4910)

          Title IX applies to all aspects of educational  
          opportunities, not just athletics.  Enforcement of  
          compliance is initiated upon the filing of a complaint  
          alleging a violation of Title IX.

           Local Control and Accountability Plans
           
          Current law:

          1)   Requires the governing board of every school district  
               and county office of education to adopt a local  
               control and accountability plan, by July 1, 2014, that  
               must include:

               a)        A description of the annual goals for all  
                    students and each subgroup, to be achieved for  
                    each of the state priorities and for any  
                    additional local priorities.

               b)        A description of the specific actions that  
                    will be taken to achieve the goals.  (EC � 52060  
                    and � 52066) 

          2)   Establishes the following as state priorities:

               a)        The degree to which teachers are  
                    appropriately assigned and fully credentialed,  
                    every student has sufficient access to  








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                    standards-aligned instructional materials, and  
                    school facilities are maintained in good repair.

               b)        Implementation of the academic content and  
                    performance standards, including how English  
                    learners will be served, as specified.

               c)        Parental involvement, as specified.

               d)        Student achievement, as specified.  

               e)        Student engagement, as specified.

               f)        School climate, as measured by all of the  
                    following, as applicable:

                    i)             Student suspension rates.
                    ii)            Student expulsion rates.
                    iii)           Other local measures, including  
                         surveys of students, parents, and teachers  
                         on the sense of safety and school  
                         connectedness.

               g)        The extent to which students have access to,  
                    and are enrolled in, a broad course of study, as  
                    specified.

               h)        Student outcomes, as specified.  (EC �  
                    52060)

          3)   Establishes as state priorities for county offices of  
               education, in addition to the state priorities  
               described above:

               a)        How the county superintendent will  
                    coordinate instruction of students who have been  
                    expelled.

               b)        How the county superintendent will  
                    coordinate services for foster children, as  
                    specified.  (EC � 52066)

           ANALYSIS
           








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           This bill  authorizes, beginning January 1, 2018, school  
          districts and county offices of education to include  
          information relative to compliance with Title IX gender  
          equity in their local control and accountability plans.   
          Specifically, this bill:

          1)   Authorizes, beginning January 1, 2018, governing  
               boards of school districts and county boards of  
               education to choose to include additional information  
               specific to compliance with Title IX in the school  
               climate component in the district's or county office's  
               local control and accountability plan.

          2)   Provides that information includes, but is not limited  
               to, the total number of students, by gender,  
               participating in existing after school athletic  
               programs.

           STAFF COMMENTS
           
           1)   Necessary  ?  Current law specifically authorizes the  
               school climate component of local control and  
               accountability plans to include other local measures,  
               including surveys of students, parents, and teachers  
               on the sense of safety and school connectedness.  This  
               bill explicitly authorizes school district governing  
               boards and county boards of education to include  
               information specific to compliance with Title IX.

           2)   Compliance  .  This bill provides that information  
               regarding compliance with Title IX that may be  
               included in local control and accountability plans  
               (LCAPs) includes, but is not limited to, the total  
               number of students, by gender, participating in  
               existing after school athletic programs. 

          Current law provides that compliance is measured by the  
               three-pronged test:

               a)        Proportionality to enrollment.

               b)        History (past two years) and continuing  
                    practice of program expansion for females.









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               c)        Fully meeting female athletes' interests and  
                    abilities in its present athletic program.

               This bill does not preclude school districts and  
               county offices of education from including  
               measurements of the three-pronged test in LCAPs.   
               While more difficult and costly, should this bill  
               require information in LCAPs to be linked to the  
               three-pronged test?  Should the Title IX coordinator  
               provide information for inclusion in the LCAP?   
                
           3)   Enforcement  .  Enforcement of compliance is initiated  
               upon the filing of a complaint alleging a violation of  
               Title IX.  Complaints generally begin at the school  
               district level and can proceed to the state level, and  
               ultimately to the federal Office of Civil Rights.   
               Current law does not require any reporting of measures  
               of compliance with Title IX by K-12 schools.

          In 2003, the RMC Research Corporation's independent report,  
               required by the Legislature, "Title IX Athletics  
               Compliance at California's Public High Schools,  
               Community Colleges, and Universities" revealed that of  
               the 125 high schools that returned surveys, only 26%  
               were in compliance with Title IX based on  
               proportionality, defined as having participation rates  
               that were within five percentage points of the  
               enrollment rates for each gender.  One of the  
               recommendations of the report was to require high  
               schools to report athletics data annually and to  
               ensure a monitoring process for Title IX.

           4)   Technical amendments  .  This bill references  
               participation in existing after school athletic  
               programs.  Staff recommends an amendment to instead  
               reference interscholastic athletics for consistency  
               with existing statutes relative to gender equity.

           5)   Related legislation  .  SB 1349 (Jackson) requires all  
               public schools that offer competitive athletics to  
               post information on its website relative to the number  
               of boys and girls that participate in competitive  
               athletics.  SB 1349 is pending referral in the  
               Assembly.








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          AB 1892 (Bocanegra) requires school districts and county  
               offices of education to include in the LCAP any  
               specialized programs or services provided to students  
               redesignated as fluent English proficient in order for  
               them to maintain proficiency in English, access the  
               common core academic content standards, and a broad  
               course of study.  AB 1892 is pending referral in the  
               Senate.


          SB 1346 (Wyland) requires, beginning with the 2015-16  
               fiscal year, district and county office local control  
               and accountability plans to include a listing and  
               description of the expenditures used to implement the  
               specific actions included in the local control and  
               accountability plan, and specifically funds used to  
               serve certain subgroups of students.  SB 1346 also  
               adds to state priorities the extent to which teachers,  
               administrators, and staff receive professional  
               development or participate in induction programs.  SB  
               1346 is pending referral in the Assembly.

           6)   Prior legislation .  AB 2323 (Jackson, 2004) would have  
               required the California Department of Education to  
               develop a Gender Equity Compliance Survey for high  
               schools.  AB 2323 was held in the Assembly  
               Appropriations Committee.

           SUPPORT
           
          California Federation of Teachers
          California Interscholastic Federation
          John Swett Unified School District
          Martinez Unified School District
          Pleasanton Unified School District

           OPPOSITION

           None on file.












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