BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2529
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   April 28, 2014

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                   AB 2529 (Williams) - As Amended:  April 21, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :   Energy:  usage:  plug-in equipment

           SUMMARY  :   This bill requires the California Energy Commission  
          (CEC) and the California Public Utilities Commission (PUC) to  
          perform a study of energy usage by plug-in equipment and develop  
          an implementation plan to achieve specified reductions in energy  
          consumption by plug-in equipment by 2030.   

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires the CEC to continuously carry out studies, technical  
            assessments, research projects, and data collection directed  
            to reducing wasteful, inefficient, unnecessary, or uneconomic  
            uses of energy, including improved appliance efficiency. 

          2)Requires the CEC to adopt cost-effective energy and water  
            efficiency standards for appliances. 

          3)Requires CEC to adopt energy efficiency standards for battery  
            chargers.  Standards for consumer chargers went into effect on  
            February 1, 2013, and standards for industrial chargers went  
            into effect on January 1, 2014.  

          4)Prohibits the sale of products that do not meet efficiency  
            standards adopted by the CEC. 

          5)Authorizes the CEC to issue administrative enforcement process  
            for violations of its appliance efficiency standards,  
            including administrative civil penalties up to $2500 for each  
            violation, in compliance with existing law governing  
            administrative hearings and adjudication.

           THIS BILL  :  

          1)States legislative findings relating to plug-in equipment.   
            States that it is the intent of the Legislature to set a goal  
            for plug-in equipment to ensure that energy savings  
            opportunities are captured and the effective use of incentive  
            programs, partnerships with industry, research and  








                                                                  AB 2529
                                                                  Page  2

            development, consumer education, and efficiency standards to  
            meet the state's energy and climate change goals.  

          2)Defines "plug-in equipment" as an electrical device that plugs  
            into a wall outlet, including outdoor appliances, kitchen and  
            laundry appliances, commercial plug-in refrigeration, security  
            appliances, hot tub and pool pumps, consumer and office  
            electronics, personal care products, and power tools.

          3)Excludes from the definition of plug-in equipment industrial  
            data centers, heating, ventilation, and cooling equipment,  
            built in or portable lighting, infrastructure loads connected  
            directly to the building wiring (Ground Fault Circuit  
            Interrupter breakers and outlets, smoke or carbon monoxide  
            detectors, dimming switches, doorbells, and garage door  
            openers), electric vehicles, and medical devices.

          4)By January 1, 2016, requires the CEC and PUC to jointly  
            perform a study of energy use by plug-in equipment by both  
            commercial and residential customers during the year 2014 to  
            establish a baseline.

          5)By the year 2030, requires the CEC and PUC to develop a  
            coordinated implementation plan, in consultation with  
            stakeholders, to reduce plug-in energy consumption by at least  
            a 25 percent aggregate reduction in residential households and  
            40 percent aggregate reduction per square foot of commercial  
            space when compared to the 2014 baseline.  

          6)Requires the implementation plan to include "biennial  
            intermediate targets" between 2016 and 2030.  

          7)Specifies that the implementation plan must:

             a)   Be comprised of a portfolio of techniques, applications,  
               and practices, including incentive programs, rebate  
               programs, partnerships with industry, public outreach, and  
               efficiency standards; 

             b)   Consider cost and ratepayer protections; and,

             c)   Use an accurate cost-effectiveness method for assessing  
               the long-term value of energy efficiency savings and ensure  
               that benefits outweigh costs to ratepayers.









                                                                  AB 2529
                                                                  Page  3

          8)Requires the CEC and PUC to work with stakeholders to address  
            challenges that may limit or inhibit the achievement of the  
            reduction targets specified in the implementation plan,  
            including valuation and attribution of energy savings and  
            enabling market transformation.

          9)Requires the CEC and PUC to annually track the implementation  
            of the plan in meeting the energy reduction targets.

          10)Allows the CEC and PUC to revise the implementation plan and  
            its priorities in consultation with stakeholders.

          11)Requires the CEC to report on progress through the tracking  
            plan (pursuant to bullet 9 above) and update the  
            implementation plan as part of the the Integrated Energy  
            Policy Report (IEPR). 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown
           
          COMMENTS  :   


           4 This bill  .   According to the author:  


               Plug-in equipment is responsible for nearly 60 percent of  
               residential and 16 percent of commercial electricity  
               consumption in California.  Across both sectors, plug-in  
               equipment consumes the equivalent annual output of 23  
               500-megawatt power plants.  This is projected to increase  
               to 27 power plants by 2030.

               The [CEC] and [PUC] have an array of existing programs  
               including research and development, appliance standards,  
               and incentive programs aimed at increasing energy  
               efficiency statewide. There is the potential to scale up  
               these efforts to capture a larger share of cost-effective  
               energy savings in plug-in equipment.  Quantified goals will  
               drive state agencies to perform target-driven planning,  
               working with stakeholders to utilize the most effective  
               strategies available to transform the plug-in equipment  
               market at the pace and scale required to meet California's  
               energy and climate goals.

               AB 2529 is needed to help leverage California's energy  








                                                                  AB 2529
                                                                  Page  4

               efficiency programs and partnerships in a coordinated  
               fashion to meet the challenge and opportunity presented by  
               this large, yet often overlooked, sector of energy  
               consumption.

           4 CEC appliance standard regulations  .  The CEC began adopting  
            appliance regulations at its inception in 1977.  As new  
            product designs, new information about products, and new  
            information about energy usage become available, the CEC  
            periodically proposes new regulations and updates existing  
            regulations.  Current law requires CEC to research,  
            investigate, assess, and identify appliances and other  
            products should be subject to appliance efficiency standards.   
            The CEC is preempted from adopting energy efficiency  
            regulations on products which are already regulated for their  
            energy usage by the Federal government.

            Current CEC regulations include 23 categories of appliances,  
            including:  air conditioners, heaters, and fans; battery  
            chargers; clothes washers and dryers; cooking products and  
            food service equipment; dishwashers; distribution  
            transformers; electric motors; lighting products; plumbing  
            fittings and fixtures; pool and spa equipment; external power  
            supplies; refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers;  
            televisions, consumer audio and video equipment; and, water  
            heaters.  These existing regulations include plug-in  
            equipment, including power tools, lights, electronics,  
            cordless phones, and other plug-in devices.

            The Energy Commission recently released a Notice of its  
            Appliance Regulation Rulemaking Schedule. The schedule  
            anticipates draft regulations to be available for the  
            following appliances:

             a)   Faucets, toilets, and urinals, April 2014;
             b)   Air filters and dimming ballasts, April 2014;
             c)   Light emitting diode (LED) lamps and multifaceted  
               reflector (MR) lamps, May 2014;
             d)   Pool pump motors and portable electric spas, August  
               2014;
             e)   Computers, monitors, and displays, November 2014;
             f)   Network equipment, February 2015;
             g)   Game consoles, February 2015; and,
             h)   Commercial clothes dryers, February 2015.









                                                                  AB 2529
                                                                  Page  5

           3 Energy efficiency opportunities  .   This bill is intended to  
            build on CEC's existing efforts to improve energy efficiency  
            in plug-in appliances by requiring CEC to plan for reducing  
            plug-loads by 25 percent aggregate reduction in residential  
            households and 40 percent aggregate reduction per square foot  
            of commercial space by 2030.  

          According to the bill's sponsor, additional energy savings is  
            achievable, in part, by requiring that devices go into very  
            low power modes when not in use; improved efficiency in large  
            appliances; expanding the application of ultra-low power  
            technology currently used in mobile electronics to more types  
            of products; higher efficiency in small to medium sized data  
            centers; and expanded use of smart home and office control  
            systems.  

          The goals in this bill were based, in part, on A Tool to  
            Prioritize Energy Efficiency Investments, published by the  
            National Renewable Energy Laboratory, which identified over  
            700 energy efficiency measures and states, "this work  
            demonstrates multiple pathways to achieve approximately 50  
            percent savings from the baseline projected building energy  
            use in 2030.  It further demonstrates that the average cost of  
            these savings is less than half the production cost of the  
            energy?"  

          The 2013 California Energy Efficiency and Goals Study, prepared  
            for the PUC, found that: 

               Lighting, whole-building, and appliance plugs have the  
               largest energy savings potential.  There are many new  
               appliance plug measures that are coming into the market and  
               modeled in this study.  The results show that these new  
               appliance plug measures have a significant impact on energy  
               savings potential and make up nearly a quarter of the  
               potential savings in 2020.

            According to the bill's sponsor, additional energy savings is  
            achievable, in part, by requiring that devices go into very  
            low power modes when not in use; improved efficiency in large  
            appliances; expanding the application of ultra-low power  
            technology currently used in mobile electronics to more types  
            of products; higher efficiency in small to medium sized data  
            centers; and, expanded use of smart home and office control  
            systems.  








                                                                  AB 2529
                                                                  Page  6


            While the targets were based on existing studies, they are  
            arbitrary and may benefit from including flexibility to  
            reflect changing markets, ongoing energy efficiency efforts,  
            and other potentially unforeseen developments.   

           4 Double referral  .  This bill was heard in the Assembly  
            Utilities and Commerce Committee on April 21st and passed with  
            a vote of 10-4.  


           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Energy Efficiency Industry Council 
          Environmental Defense Fund
          Environmental Entrepreneurs
          Global Green
          Natural Resources Defense Council (sponsor) 
          Pacific Gas and Electric Company 
          San Diego Gas and Electric Company 
          Sempra Energy Utilities
          Sierra Club California
          Southern California Gas Company 
          Southern California Edison
          Union of Concerned Scientists

           Opposition 
           
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association
          Information Technology Industrial Council 
          TechNet

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Elizabeth MacMillan / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092