BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                       AB 2561|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                              |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                              |
          |(916) 651-1520         Fax: (916) |                              |
          |327-4478                          |                              |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           
                                           
                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 2561
          Author:   Bradford (D), et al.
          Amended:  7/1/14 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE  :  10-1, 6/17/14
          AYES:  DeSaulnier, Gaines, Beall, Cannella, Galgiani, Hueso,  
            Lara, Liu, Pavley, Roth
          NOES:  Wyland

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 6/24/14
          AYES:  Jackson, Anderson, Corbett, Lara, Leno, Monning, Vidak
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  53-24, 5/29/14 - See last page for vote


            SUBJECT  :    Personal agriculture in common-interest  
                      developments and rental housing

           SOURCE  :     Sustainable Economies Law Center


           DIGEST  :    This bill establishes conditions under which  
          residents of common-interest developments (CIDs) and tenants in  
          rental housing may engage in personal agriculture.

           ANALYSIS  :    A CID is a real property development that includes  
          all of the following:  (1) separate ownership of a lot or unit  
          coupled with an undivided interest in common property; (2)  
          covenants, conditions, and restrictions that limit use of both  
          the common area and separate ownership interests; and (3)  
          management of common property and enforcement of restrictions by  
                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 2561
                                                                     Page  
          2

          a community association, which a board of directors, generally  
          elected, governs.  Condominiums, planned unit developments,  
          stock cooperatives, community apartments, and many  
          resident-owned mobile home parks all fall under the CID  
          umbrella.  The Davis-Stirling Common-Interest Development Act is  
          the principal law that governs CIDs in California.  

          The Civil Code regulates the rental of real property, including  
          housing.  

          This bill establishes conditions under which residents of a CID  
          and tenants in rental housing may engage in personal  
          agriculture.  This bill defines personal agriculture as the  
          cultivation of edible plant crops for personal use, not  
          including marijuana or illegal or unlawful crops or substances.   


           CIDs
           
          With respect to CIDs, this bill provides that any provision of a  
          CID governing document is void and unenforceable if it  
          effectively prohibits or unreasonably restricts the use of a  
          homeowner's exclusive-use backyard for personal agriculture.   
          This bill further defines the reasonable restrictions that a CID  
          may impose as restrictions that do not significantly increase  
          the cost of engaging in personal agriculture or significantly  
          decrease its efficiency.

           Rental housing
           
          With respect to rental housing on properties of one or two  
          units, this bill requires a landlord to permit a tenant to  
          participate in personal agriculture in portable containers in  
          the tenant's outdoor, ground-level, backyard area if the  
          following conditions are met:

           The tenant regularly removes any dead plant material and  
            weeds, unless the landlord and tenant agree otherwise.

           The plant crop will not interfere with the maintenance of the  
            rental property.

           The placement of the portable containers does not interfere  
            with any tenant's parking spot.

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 2561
                                                                     Page  
          3


           The landlord approves of the location, placement, and type of  
            the portable containers, and the containers do not create a  
            health and safety hazard, block doorways, or interfere with  
            walkways, utility services, or equipment.

          This bill further:

           Allows a landlord to prohibit the use of synthetic chemical  
            products.

           Allows a landlord to require the tenant to pay excess water  
            and waste collection bills arising from the tenant's personal  
            agriculture activities.

           Reiterates the existing ability of a landlord to periodically  
            inspect any area where the tenant is engaging in personal  
            agriculture.

           Clarifies that a landlord may approve the cultivation of plant  
            crops outside of portable containers.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/20/14)

          Sustainable Economies Law Center (source)
          Center for Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems
          Center for Food Safety
          City Slicker Farms
          Community Food and Justice Coalition
          Earth Law Center
          Eastbay Area Reciprocity Network
          Ecological Farming Association
          Growing Affordable Fresh Produce for West Oakland
          Long Beach Grows
          Mendocino Food Policy Council
          Oakland Food Policy Council
          Phat Beets Produce
          Pirate Produce
          Planting Justice
          Portside Community Market
          Sacramentans for Sustainable Community Agriculture

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 2561
                                                                     Page  
          4

          San Francisco Urban Agriculture Alliance
          Santa Barbara Food Alliance
          Slow Food California
          Slow Food Los Angeles
          Slow Food Redlands
          Social Justice Learning Institute
          Ubuntu Green
          Virtually Green
          Women Organizing Resources, Knowledge, & Services

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/20/14)

          Community Association Institute

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office, this  
          bill seeks to ensure that people have the ability to grow edible  
          fruits and vegetables at home for personal use.  In addition,  
          this bill seeks to increase access to fresh produce for all  
          Californians, especially those in low-income areas.  Just like  
          the rest of the nation, California is experiencing a rising  
          epidemic of obesity-related illnesses.  Two-thirds of American  
          adults and nearly one-third of American children are obese or  
          overweight, putting them at risk for developing chronic  
          diseases, including diabetes, heart disease, or cancer.  In  
          California, one in every nine children, one in three teens, and  
          over one-half of adults are already overweight or obese.  Many  
          of these health conditions are preventable and curable through  
          lifestyle choices that include consumption of healthy fresh  
          foods.  This bill empowers individuals to grow food at home on a  
          small scale, which will lead to positive economic, health, and  
          environmental outcomes.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The Community Association Institute  
          (CAI), opposed unless amended, asserts that amendments to this  
          bill are necessary to clarify the definition of "backyard"  
          because "[p]eople may not understand that the back yard that  
          they see may, in fact, not be theirs to use as it may be the  
          HOA's [homeowners' association] 'common area'.  Hence,  
          clarifying that the yard where the crops may be planted is the  
          "exclusive use back yard."  CAI also contends that this bill  
          should be amended to incorporate container and chemical product  
          use restrictions for CIDs as the bill provides for apartments,  
          rather than have 50,000 HOAs attempt to promulgate these  
          restrictions.  CAI also proposes a technical amendment to this  

                                                                CONTINUED





                                                                    AB 2561
                                                                     Page  
          5

          bill to correct an error.   
           

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  53-24, 5/29/14
          AYES:  Alejo, Ammiano, Bloom, Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta,  
            Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez,  
            Chesbro, Cooley, Dababneh, Daly, Dickinson, Fong, Frazier,  
            Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gray, Hall, Roger Hern�ndez,  
            Holden, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Lowenthal, Medina, Mullin,  
            Muratsuchi, Nazarian, Pan, Perea, John A. P�rez, V. Manuel  
            P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez,  
            Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, 
            Weber, Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NOES:  Achadjian, Allen, Bigelow, Conway, Dahle, Donnelly, Fox,  
            Beth Gaines, Gorell, Grove, Hagman, Harkey, Jones, Linder,  
            Logue, Maienschein, Mansoor, Melendez, Nestande, Olsen,  
            Patterson, Wagner, Waldron, Wilk
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Eggman, Garcia, Vacancy


          JA:k  8/20/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                   ****  END  ****




















                                                                CONTINUED