BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                               AB 2593
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                              Senator Jerry Hill, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    AB 2593
           AUTHOR:     Bradford
           AMENDED:    Introduced
           FISCAL:     Yes               HEARING DATE:     June 25, 2014
           URGENCY:    No                CONSULTANT:    Rebecca Newhouse
            
           SUBJECT  :    GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION FUND: DIVERSITY REPORTING
           
            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  :

           1) Under the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006  
              (commonly referred to as AB 32), requires the Air Resources  
              Board (ARB) to determine the 1990 statewide greenhouse gas  
              (GHG) emissions level and approve a statewide GHG emissions  
              limit that is equivalent to that level, to be achieved by  
              2020, and to adopt GHG emissions reductions measures by  
              regulation.  ARB is authorized to include the use of  
              market-based mechanisms to comply with these regulations.   
              (Health and Safety Code (HSC) �38500 et seq.).

           2) Establishes the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF) in the  
              State Treasury and requires all moneys, except for fines and  
              penalties, collected pursuant to a market-based mechanism be  
              deposited in the fund and requires the Department of  
              Finance, in consultation with the state board and any other  
              relevant state agency, to develop, as specified, a  
              three-year investment plan for the moneys deposited in GGRF.  
               (Government Code �16428.8).

           3) Requires moneys from GGRF be used to facilitate the  
              achievement of reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in  
              this state consistent with the California Global Warming  
              Solutions Act of 2006.  (HSC �39712).

            This bill  requires businesses with gross annual revenues  
           exceeding $25 million that participate in programs administered  
           by ARB that receive funding from the GGRF to report to ARB on  









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           efforts to increase procurement from women, minority, and  
           disabled veteran enterprises.

            COMMENTS  :

           1)Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, "In California,  
             women and minority-owned businesses represent the bulk of  
             small businesses. Since diverse business owners are more  
             likely to hire diverse workers, the success of women-,  
             minority-, and disabled veteran-owned businesses translates  
             into jobs for women, minorities, and disabled veterans.  
             However, businesses participating in programs to reduce  
             greenhouse gas emissions do not currently report on  
             procurement from women, minority, and disabled veteran  
             enterprises. To ensure that access to new job opportunities  
             are available to all Californians, this bill requires large  
             businesses to report on efforts to increase procurement from  
             women, minority, and disabled veteran enterprises."

            2)Background  .
              
             Cap-and-trade auction revenue  .  ARB has conducted seven  
             auctions of GHG emission allowances so far. These auctions  
             have resulted in approximately $734 million in proceeds to  
             the state.  Several bills in 2012 provided legislative  
             direction for the expenditure of auction proceeds including  
             the following: 

              a)   SB 535 (de Le�n), Chapter 830, Statutes of 2012,  
                requires that 25% of auction revenue be used to benefit  
                disadvantaged communities and requires that 10% of auction  
                revenue be invested in disadvantaged communities.

              b)   AB 1532 (J. P�rez), Chapter 807, Statutes of 2012,  
                directs the Department of Finance to develop and  
                periodically update a three-year investment plan that  
                identifies feasible and cost-effective GHG emission  
                reduction investments to be funded with cap-and-trade  
                auction revenues. AB 1532 specifies that reduction of GHG  
                emissions through strategic planning and development of  
                sustainable infrastructure projects, are eligible  
                investments of GGRF. 










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              c)   SB 1018 (Budget Committee), Chapter 39, Statutes of  
                2012, created the GGRF, into which all auction revenue is  
                to be deposited. The legislation requires that before  
                departments can spend monies from GGRF, they must prepare  
                a record specifying: (1) how the expenditures will be  
                used, (2) how the expenditures will further the purposes  
                of AB 32, (3) how the expenditures will achieve GHG  
                emission reductions, (4) how the department considered  
                other non-GHG-related objectives, and (5) how the  
                department will document the results of the expenditures.

              Legal consideration of cap-and-trade auction revenues  . The  
             2012-13 budget analysis of cap-and-trade auction revenue by  
             the Legislative Analyst's Office noted that, based on an  
             opinion from the Office of Legislative Counsel, the auction  
             revenues should be considered mitigation fee revenues, and  
             their use requires that a clear nexus exist between an  
             activity for which a mitigation fee is used and the adverse  
             effects related to the activity on which that fee is levied.  
             Therefore, in order for their use to be valid as mitigation  
             fees, revenues from the cap-and-trade auction must be used to  
             mitigate GHG emissions or the harms caused by GHG emissions.

              AB 32 auction revenue investment plan  . The first three-year  
             investment plan for cap-and-trade auction proceeds, submitted  
             by Department of Finance, in consultation with ARB and other  
             state agencies in May of last year, identified sustainable  
             communities and clean transportation as one of the key  
             sectors that provide the best opportunities for achieving the  
             legislative goals and supporting the purposes of AB 32,  
             including maximizing GHG emission reductions and cobenefits  
             to the state. The plan recommended the aforementioned sector  
             receive the largest allocation of funds from the GGRF. The  
             other two areas recommended for auction revenue allocation in  
             the investment plan are energy efficiency and clean energy,  
             and natural resources and waste diversion. 

              Cap-and-trade budget expenditures  . The Budget Act of 2014, SB  
             852, passed both houses on June 15, 2014. Expenditure  
             categories for $870 million of cap-and-trade funds include  
             transit, affordable housing and sustainable communities, high  
             speed rail, low carbon transportation, energy efficiency and  
             renewable energy, and natural resources, and waste diversion.  









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            3)Diversity reporting  .  In 1988, the Public Utilities  
             Commission (PUC) adopted General Order 156 (GO 156) to  
             establish the Women Owned and Minority Owned Business  
             Enterprise program to increase diversity in various utility  
             operations and procurement processes.  Subsequent legislation  
             has codified and expanded the program.  GO 156 requires PUC  
             regulated electrical, gas, water, wireless telecommunications  
             service provider, and telephone corporations with gross  
             annual revenues exceeding $25 million to submit annual  
             detailed and verifiable plans that include goals and  
             timelines for increasing procurement from minority, women,  
             and disabled veteran business entities.  GO 156 includes  
             rules and regulations for the utilities' compliance with the  
             program, and requires participating utilities to inform,  
             recruit, and obtain at least 20% of their products and  
             services purchased within a five-year period from women- and  
             minority-owned businesses (15% from minority-owned businesses  
             and 5% from women-owned businesses) and an additional 1.5%  
             from disabled veteran business enterprises. 

            4)Which businesses are required to report  ? AB 2593 requires  
             businesses with gross annual revenues exceeding $25 million  
             that participate in programs that receive cap-and-trade  
             funding to report to ARB. It is unclear what businesses would  
             be subject to this requirement. What type of financial  
             involvement does "participation" entail? It is unclear  
             whether these businesses participate by directly receiving  
             the funds, or whether more indirect participation, such as  
             automobile manufacturers in programs like the Clean Vehicle  
             Rebate Project that provides rebates to consumers who  
             purchase low or zero-emission vehicles, would be subject to  
             the reporting requirement. 

             As discussed above, a range of investments for cap-and-trade  
             monies was proposed in the AB 32 auction proceeds investment  
             plan, as well as the Governor's budget and Legislative  
             proposals. These potential projects exist in almost all  
             sectors, including natural resources, transportation, waste,  
             energy, and others. However, the bill only specifies that  
             businesses are required to report for projects funded through  
             cap-and-trade revenues administered by ARB. As these  









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             investments are being made across sectors, it is unclear why  
             this bill only singles out the fraction of projects that ARB  
             will be administering.  

             These projects to reduce GHGs funded through cap-and-trade  
             monies will undoubtedly take very different shapes, and  
             involve a wide range of entities and businesses, all with  
             varying roles and involvements in these projects. This,  
             coupled with the lack of clarity regarding what constitutes  
             "participation" makes it incredibly difficult to identify all  
             of the businesses that should be reporting pursuant to this  
             bill. 

             In addition, there are no guidelines for what types of  
             information the businesses report. 

            5)In what way will the information be used  ? It is unclear how  
             the diversity information will be used and what purpose it  
             will serve in terms of directing cap-and-trade investment  
             funds. The bill does not currently specify how or if the  
             information will be used by ARB.

             Projects funded with cap-and-trade funds are required to  
             facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions, and will be  
             carefully selected based on their ability to achieve the  
             maximum GHG emission reductions and other cobenefits such as  
             in-state job creation, improved air and water quality, and  
             other environmental and economic benefits.

             The implication of this bill in requiring diversity reporting  
             from businesses involved in cap-and-trade funded projects is  
             that the information will be used in the future as a factor  
             for cap-and-trade investment project selection.   
             Cap-and-trade funds are intended to be invested by priority  
             of greatest GHG emission reduction, with consideration of  
             other environmental and economic benefits. Is it appropriate  
             to insert information from mandatory diversity reporting as  
             another criterion in the selection of cap-and-trade funded  
             projects? 

            SOURCE  :        Author  

           SUPPORT  :       None on file  









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           OPPOSITION  :    None on file