BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2657
                                                                  Page  1


          ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
          AB 2657 (Bloom)
          As Amended  May 5, 2014
          Majority vote 

           ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY          4-2                   WATER, PARKS  
          & WILDLIFE      9-5             
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Alejo, Bloom, Gomez, Ting |Ayes:|Rendon, Bocanegra, Fong,  |
          |     |                          |     |Frazier, Gatto, Gomez,    |
          |     |                          |     |Gonzalez, Rodriguez,      |
          |     |                          |     |Yamada                    |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Dahle, Donnelly           |Nays:|Bigelow, Allen, Dahle,    |
          |     |                          |     |Beth Gaines, Patterson    |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           APPROPRIATIONS                 12-5                             
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Gatto, Bocanegra,         |     |                          |
          |     |Bradford,                 |     |                          |
          |     |Ian Calderon, Campos,     |     |                          |
          |     |Eggman, Gomez, Holden,    |     |                          |
          |     |Pan, Quirk,               |     |                          |
          |     |Ridley-Thomas, Weber      |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Bigelow, Donnelly, Jones, |     |                          |
          |     |Linder, Wagner            |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Prohibits the use of anticoagulant rodenticides in  
          wildlife habitat areas.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Prohibits the use, in a wildlife habitat area, of any  
            pesticide that contains one or more of the following  
            anticoagulants:

             a)   Brodifacoum;

             b)   Bromadiolone;








                                                                  AB 2657
                                                                  Page  2



             c)   Difenacoum; and,

             d)   Difethialone.

          2)Defines a "wildlife habitat area" as any state or national  
            park, state or federal wildlife refuge, or state conservancy.

          3)Specifies that the use prohibition does not apply to the use  
            of pesticides for agricultural activities.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Authorizes the state's pesticide regulatory program and  
            mandates the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to,  
            among other things, provide for the proper, safe, and  
            efficient use of pesticides essential for the production of  
            food and fiber and for the protection of public health and  
            safety, and protect the environment from environmentally  
            harmful pesticides by prohibiting, regulating, or ensuring  
            proper stewardship of those pesticides.  

          2)Requires the director of DPR to control and otherwise regulate  
            the use of restricted materials.  

          3)Prohibits a person from using or possessing any pesticide  
            designated as a restricted material for any agricultural use  
            except under a written permit of the local agricultural  
            commissioner.  

          4)Prohibits, except as provided by regulation, the possession or  
            use of a restricted material by any person except a certified  
            private or commercial applicator, or someone under the direct  
            supervision of a certified private or commercial applicator.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, enactment of this bill would result in minor, if any  
          costs to the Department of Fish and Wildlife (DFW) and minor, if  
          any reimbursable local costs.

           COMMENTS  :  

          Need for the bill:  According to the author, "Last year while  
          authoring AB 1213, I was contacted by Santa Monica Mountain  








                                                                  AB 2657
                                                                  Page  3


          Conservancy, Puente Hills Habitat Preservation Authority, and  
          Joshua Tree National Park regarding numbers of their bobcat  
          populations succumbing to illness/ailments that normally they  
          would survive.  The bobcats were dying from things like mange  
          that normally wouldn't kill them.  The rodenticides were  
          identified as the possible issue as they were eating rodents who  
          had consumed the poison? DPR since then has begun regulatory  
          changes which could ban over-the-counter retail sales of the  
          anti-rodenticides to help curb the problem? This bill would take  
          these regulations a step further and ban the commercial use of  
          these anti-coagulants in state parks, national park, and  
          sensitive areas."

          Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs):   
          Anticoagulant rodenticides work by inhibiting a rodent's ability  
          to produce several key blood clotting factors, thus causing the  
          poisoned rodent to die from internal bleeding.  Anticoagulant  
          rodenticide baits may take several days following ingestion of a  
          lethal dose to kill the rodent, so rodents may feed on the SGAR  
          bait multiple times before dying.  As a result, rodent carcasses  
          may contain residues of SGARs many times over the lethal dose.   
          If a nontarget predator feeds on a rodent containing lethal  
          concentrations of a SGAR, the nontarget predator can also be  
          impacted by the rodenticide.  Brodifacoum, bromadiolone,  
          difenacoum, and difethialone are active ingredients in SGARs.

          Impact of SGARs on wildlife:  In July 2011, DPR received a  
          request from DFW that DPR designate all SGARs as  
          California-restricted materials in order to mitigate nontarget  
          wildlife exposure in California.  DFW contends that dozens of  
          non-target species are impacted by anticoagulant pesticides  
          including the golden eagle, great-horned owl, barn owl,  
          red-tailed hawk, red-shouldered hawk, black bear, fisher, red  
          fox, San Joaquin kit fox, mountain lion, bobcat, and kangaroo  
          rat.  

          In response to DFW's request, DPR took steps to obtain wildlife  
          incident and mortality data, which it analyzed together with  
          land use, rodenticide use, and sales data.  After reviewing all  
          the data obtained from both urban and rural areas, DPR found  
          that SGAR exposure and toxicity to nontarget wildlife is a  
          statewide problem, regardless of the setting.  DPR found that  
          the use of SGARs presents a hazard related to persistent  
          residues in target animals resulting in impacts to nontarget  








                                                                  AB 2657
                                                                  Page  4


          wildlife. 

          Recent regulatory action on SGARs:  While certain mitigation  
          efforts had previously been in effect for some SGARS, following  
          its findings on the impacts of SGARs on wildlife throughout the  
          state, on March 18, 2014, DPR designated the active ingredients  
          brodifacoum, bromadiolone, difenacoum, and difethialone as  
          California-restricted materials, making all SGAR products  
          restricted materials.  The action included additional use  
          restrictions for SGARs and will be in effect on July 1, 2014.  

          Restricted materials are pesticides deemed to have a higher  
          potential to cause harm to public health, farm workers, domestic  
          animals, honeybees, the environment, wildlife, or other crops  
          compared to other pesticides.  With certain exceptions,  
          restricted materials may be purchased and used only by or under  
          the supervision of a certified commercial or private applicator  
          under a permit issued by the County Agricultural Commissioner.

          In the March action, DPR further restricted the use of SGARs by  
          prohibiting the placement of aboveground baits containing the  
          specified SGAR ingredients more than 50 feet from a man-made  
          structure, unless there is a feature associated with the site  
          that is harboring or attracting pests.  SGARs target commensal  
          rodents, such as the house mouse, Norway rat, and roof rat,  
          which generally live in close association with humans and are  
          dependent upon human habits for food, water, and shelter.  DPR  
          contends that restricting the use of all SGARs to only certified  
          applicators and limiting its use to near structures will  
          significantly reduce unintended exposures to nontarget wildlife.  
           

          The goal of this bill is to augment the recent restricted-use  
          designation of SGARs by additionally prohibiting the use of  
          those pesticides in designated areas of public value known to  
          harbor wildlife.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Shannon McKinney / E.S. & T.M. / (916)  
          319-3965 


                                                                FN: 0003461









                                                                  AB 2657
                                                                  Page  5