BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 2657
          Author:   Bloom (D)
          Amended:  8/11/14 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 6/25/14
          AYES:  Hill, Gaines, Hancock, Jackson, Leno, Pavley
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Fuller
           
          SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8
           
          ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  54-20, 5/23/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Wildlife habitat areas:  anticoagulants

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits the use of anticoagulant  
          rodenticides in wildlife habitat areas.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law: 

          1.Authorizes the states pesticide regulatory program and  
            mandates the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to,  
            among other things, provide for the proper, safe, and  
            efficient use of pesticides essential for the production of  
            food and fiber and for the protection of public health and  
            safety, and protect the environment from environmentally  
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            harmful pesticides by prohibiting, regulating, or ensuring  
            proper stewardship of those pesticides. 

          2.Requires the Director of the DPR to control and otherwise  
            regulate the use of restricted materials. 

          3.Prohibits a person from using or possessing any pesticide  
            designated as a restricted material for any agricultural use  
            except under a written permit of the local agricultural  
            commissioner. 

          4.Prohibits, except as provided by regulation, the possession or  
            use of a restricted material by any person except a certified  
            private or commercial applicator, or someone under the direct  
            supervision of a certified private or commercial applicator. 

          This bill: 

          1.Prohibits the use, in a wildlife habitat area, of any  
            pesticide that contains one or more of the following  
            anticoagulants:  (a) brodifacoum; (b) bromadiolone; (c)  
            difenacoum; and (d) difethialone. 

          2.Defines a "wildlife habitat area" as any state park, state  
            wildlife refuge, or state conservancy. 

          3.Specifies that the use prohibition does not apply to the use  
            of pesticides for agricultural activities.

          4.Directs state agencies to encourage federal agencies to comply  
            with the prohibition regarding the use of anticoagulant  
            rodenticides.

          5.Specifies that this bill does not preempt or supersede any  
            federal statute or the authority of any federal agency.

           Background
           
           Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs)  .   
          Anticoagulant rodenticides work by inhibiting a rodent's ability  
          to produce several key blood clotting factors, thus causing the  
          poisoned rodent to die from internal bleeding.  Anticoagulant  
          rodenticide baits may take several days following ingestion of a  
          lethal dose to kill the rodent, so rodents may feed on the SGAR  

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          bait multiple times before dying.  As a result, rodent carcasses  
          may contain residues of SGARs many times over the lethal dose.   
          If a nontarget predator feeds on a rodent containing lethal  
          concentrations of a SGAR, the nontarget predator can also be  
          impacted by the rodenticide.  Brodifacoum, bromadiolone,  
          difenacoum, and difethialone are active ingredients in SGARs. 

           Impact of SGARs on wildlife  .  In July 2011, the DPR received a  
          request from the Department of Fish and Wildlife (DFW) that the  
          DPR designate all SGARs as California-restricted materials in  
          order to mitigate nontarget wildlife exposure in California.   
          The DFW contends that dozens of non-target species are impacted  
          by anticoagulant pesticides including the golden eagle,  
          great-horned owl, barn owl, red-tailed hawk, red-shouldered  
          hawk, black bear, fisher, red fox, San Joaquin kit fox, mountain  
          lion, bobcat, and kangaroo rat. 

          In response to the DFW's request, the DPR took steps to obtain  
          wildlife incident and mortality data, which it analyzed together  
          with land use, rodenticide use, and sales data.  After reviewing  
          all the data obtained from both urban and rural areas, the DPR  
          found that SGAR exposure and toxicity to nontarget wildlife is a  
          statewide problem, regardless of the setting.  The DPR found  
          that the use of SGARs presents a hazard related to persistent  
          residues in target animals resulting in impacts to nontarget  
          wildlife. 

           Recent regulatory action on SGARs  .  While certain mitigation  
          efforts had previously been in effect for some SGARS, following  
          its findings on the impacts of SGARs on wildlife throughout the  
          state, on March 18, 2014, the DPR designated the active  
          ingredients brodifacoum, bromadiolone, difenacoum, and  
          difethialone as California-restricted materials, making all SGAR  
          products restricted materials.  The action included additional  
          use restrictions for SGARs and will be in effect on July 1,  
          2014. 

          Restricted materials are pesticides deemed to have a higher  
          potential to cause harm to public health, farm workers, domestic  
          animals, honeybees, the environment, wildlife, or other crops  
          compared to other pesticides.  With certain exceptions,  
          restricted materials may be purchased and used only by or under  
          the supervision of a certified commercial or private applicator  
          under a permit issued by the county agricultural commissioner. 

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          In the March action, the DPR further restricted the use of SGARs  
          by prohibiting the placement of aboveground baits containing the  
          specified SGAR ingredients more than 50 feet from a man-made  
          structure, unless there is a feature associated with the site  
          that is harboring or attracting pests.  SGARs target commensal  
          rodents, such as the house mouse, Norway rat, and roof rat,  
          which generally live in close association with humans and are  
          dependent upon human habits for food, water, and shelter.  The  
          DPR contends that restricting the use of all SGARs to only  
          certified applicators and limiting its use to near structures  
          will significantly reduce unintended exposures to nontarget  
          wildlife.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/11/14)

          Center for Biological Diversity
          Environmental Protection Information Center
          Mountain Lion Foundation
          Raptors Are The Solution
          Sierra Club
          The Humane Society

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author, this bill  
          "augments DPR regulations that will go in effect in July by  
          making it clear that resident and commercial areas that are in  
          the Sensitive wildlife (State Conservancies, State Parks and  
          National Parks) areas would also not be able to use the second  
          generation anti-coagulant rodenticides even through a commercial  
          provider.  The objective of the bill is to further reduce the  
          exposure our wildlife has to these harmful rodenticides."

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  54-20, 5/23/14
          AYES:  Alejo, Ammiano, Bloom, Bocanegra, Bonta, Bradford,  
            Buchanan, Ian Calderon, Campos, Chau, Chesbro, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier, Garcia,  
            Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell, Gray, Hall, Holden,  
            Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Lowenthal, Maienschein, Medina, Mullin,  
            Muratsuchi, Nazarian, Pan, Perea, John A. P�rez, Quirk,  
            Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner,  
            Stone, Ting, Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada, Atkins

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          NOES:  Achadjian, Allen, Bigelow, Ch�vez, Conway, Dahle,  
            Donnelly, Beth Gaines, Grove, Hagman, Jones, Linder, Logue,  
            Mansoor, Melendez, Nestande, Olsen, Patterson, Wagner, Waldron
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Bonilla, Brown, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, V.  
            Manuel P�rez, Vacancy


          RM:k  8/11/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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