BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2681
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          Date of Hearing:   May 21, 2014

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                  Mike Gatto, Chair

                AB 2681 (Dababneh) - As Introduced:  February 21, 2014

          Policy Committee:                              Revenue &  
          Taxation     Vote:                            7-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill specifies that a sale of tangible personal property  
          with a counterfeit mark (i.e., counterfeit goods) by a convicted  
          seller constitutes a "retail sale" or "sale at retail" for  
          purposes of the Sales and Use Tax law, regardless of whether the  
          sale is for resale in the regular course of business.  The bill  
          defines a "convicted seller" as a person convicted of selling  
          counterfeit goods under state or federal law on or after the  
          date of the sale.

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)Minor and absorbable costs to the Board of Equalization (BOE)  
            to administer the tax.

          2)Estimated GF revenue increase of approximately $2.1 million  
            per year based on California's pro rata share of total  
            seizures of counterfeit goods in the United States and the  
            taxable value of those counterfeit goods.

           COMMENTS  

          1)  Purpose.   According to the author, California's underground  
            economy has a severe and negative effect on the state's  
            competitiveness, enabling illegitimate businesses to steal  
            intellectual property and sell it at below-market costs.   
            While already illegal, this bill would provide a further  
            disincentive from engaging in the distribution and sale of  
            counterfeit goods. 

          2)  Sales Tax Law.   Under current law, sales taxes are imposed on  








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            the "retail sale" or "sale at retail" of tangible personal  
            property.  As a result, retail sales of counterfeit goods and  
            stolen intellectual property in the form of tangible personal  
            property is subject to sales tax to the same extent as the  
            retail sale of legitimate goods.  Wholesale or possession or  
            transportation of goods for resale is not currently subject to  
            sales tax.  This bill would subject the wholesale or  
            possession or transportation of counterfeit goods for resale  
            to sales tax.

          3)  Buyers of Counterfeit Goods.   Several academic studies have  
            shown that consumers often buy counterfeit goods because they  
            cannot afford the legitimate products but want the brand or  
            style affinity that comes with those products.  In some cases,  
            such brand affinity can serve to increase the underlying value  
            of the brand even though another party profits from the sale  
            of the good.  This is particularly true in cases where a  
            consumer buys a counterfeit product with the hope of later  
            "upgrading" that product to the authentic item.

            In recent years, the ability of manufacturers to counterfeit  
            products has improved substantially.  This may lead certain  
            consumers to mistake the counterfeit for the authentic  
            product.  Under this scenario, sellers of counterfeit goods  
            may limit legitimate sales, undercutting the investment and  
            labor of legitimate manufacturers and retailers.

          4)  Tax on Criminality.   Taxes are frequently used to encourage or  
            discourage certain behavior, though it may be unusual to  
            subject illegal or criminal activity to taxation.  For  
            example, tobacco is subject to high excise taxation in order  
            to discourage its use, but marijuana is not subject to any  
            excise tax.  One reason for abstaining from taxing criminal  
            activity is that it may legitimize or destigmatize the  
            activity.  Another reason is that the incremental disincentive  
            created by taxation may be overshadowed by the severe  
            penalties that otherwise befall criminal activity, such as  
            jail time, forfeiture of property, and fines.

            Given the strong disincentives already in place, it is unclear  
            what effect an additional sales tax would have on the sale of  
            counterfeit goods.  Furthermore, though BOE has attempted to  
            estimate the taxable value of counterfeit goods seized in  
            California, it is unclear whether much of this revenue will  
            ever be recovered once criminal fines, court costs, and legal  








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            fees have first been satisfied.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Joel Tashjian / APPR. / (916) 319-2081