BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS 
                            AND CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
                             Senator Alex Padilla, Chair


          BILL NO:   AB 2692              HEARING DATE: 6/17/14
          AUTHOR:    FONG                 ANALYSIS BY:  Darren Chesin
          AMENDED:   AS INTRODUCED 
          FISCAL:    YES
          
                                        SUBJECT

           Political Reform Act: expenditures
           
                                     DESCRIPTION  
          
           Existing law  requires campaign expenditures to be reasonably  
          related to a political, legislative, or governmental purpose.   
          Campaign expenditures that confer a substantial personal benefit  
          on an individual with the authority to approve the expenditure  
          of campaign funds must be directly related to a political,  
          legislative, or governmental purpose.  The term "substantial  
          personal benefit" for these purposes means an expenditure that  
          results in a direct personal benefit of more than $200.  A  
          violation of these provisions is punishable as follows:

           By a fine of up to $5,000 per violation in an administrative  
            proceeding by the Fair Political Practices Commission (FPPC);  
            or, 

           By a penalty of up to three times the amount of the unlawful  
            expenditure, in a civil action brought by the FPPC. 

           This bill  requires a person who improperly benefits from the  
          personal use of campaign funds to forfeit the value of the  
          personal benefit received, as specified.  Specifically, this  
          bill:  

           Provides that if the FPPC determines in an administrative  
            action that an expenditure was made that confers a substantial  
            personal benefit to a person who had the authority to approve  
            that expenditure, but the expenditure is not directly related  
            to a political, legislative, or governmental purpose, that the  
            individual who received the substantial personal benefit shall  
            pay to the General Fund (GF) of the state an amount equal to  
            the substantial personal benefit that he or she received.










           Provides that a payment to the GF of the value of the benefit  
            received, as required by this bill, shall be in addition to  
            any penalty imposed by the FPPC. 




                                      BACKGROUND  
          
           Personal Use of Campaign Funds  :  Existing law generally  
          prohibits campaign funds from being used for personal expenses,  
          and instead requires campaign expenditures to be reasonably  
          related to a political, legislative, or governmental purpose.   
          When a campaign expenditure results in a personal benefit of  
          more than $200 to an individual who had the authority to approve  
          the expenditure, the expenditure must be  directly  related to a  
          political, legislative, or governmental purpose.  These  
          provisions are intended to ensure that campaign funds are not  
          used as a method of personally enriching candidates and officers  
          of political committees.

          As is the case with other suspected violations of the PRA, the  
          FPPC may bring an administrative enforcement action if it  
          believes that an individual or a committee has improperly used  
          campaign funds for personal purposes.  When the FPPC determines  
          that a violation has occurred, it can impose a monetary penalty  
          of up to $5,000 per violation.  

          Because the maximum monetary penalty available in an  
          administrative enforcement action is not dependent on the value  
          of the personal benefit received, it is possible that a person  
          could receive an improper personal benefit from campaign  
          spending that exceeds the maximum penalty that the FPPC can  
          impose through the administrative process.  The FPPC does have  
          the ability to bring a civil lawsuit for a violation of the  
          personal use provisions of law, in which case the maximum  
          monetary penalty available is three times the amount of the  
          unlawful expenditure.  Such civil lawsuits, however, are  
          uncommon, and the FPPC deals with a substantial majority of  
          enforcement cases through its administrative enforcement  
          process.  

                                       COMMENTS  
          AB 2692 (FONG)                                                    
                                                                    Page 2  
           








          
              1.   According to the Author  :  California law recognizes that  
               ethical concerns may arise when a candidate personally  
               benefits financially from contributions received by his or  
               her campaign.  For that reason, the Political Reform Act  
               prohibits campaign funds from being used to compensate a  
               candidate or elected officer for the performance of  
               political, legislative, or governmental activities, except  
               for reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses incurred for  
               political, legislative, or governmental purposes.   
               Additionally, state law prohibits candidates and committee  
               officers from using campaign funds for personal expenses.

             Individuals who violate the "personal use" provisions of  
               California law are subject to civil or administrative  
               fines, but existing law does not require a person to  
               forfeit the personal benefit that he or she received from  
               the illegal expenditure of campaign funds.  The purpose of  
               California's "personal use" restrictions on campaign funds  
               is to ensure that funds solicited for campaign purposes are  
               used for those purposes, and are not used to personally  
               enrich candidates, officeholders, and political committee  
               officers.  To further that purpose, and to provide a  
               greater disincentive against the improper use of campaign  
               funds, AB 2692 requires individuals who violate the  
               "personal use" laws to forfeit the improper benefits that  
               they received, in addition to any fines they face for  
               violating state law.

              2.   Related Legislation  .  AB 1692 (Garcia), which is also  
               pending in this committee, prohibits the use of campaign  
               funds to pay a fine, penalty, judgment, or settlement that  
               is imposed for the improper personal use of campaign funds,  
               among other provisions.

             SB 831 (Hill), pending in the  Assembly, prohibits the  
               expenditure of campaign funds for specified purposes,  
               including personal vacations, payments for membership dues  
               for a country club or health club, clothing to be worn by  
               the candidate or officeholder, tuition payments, and  
               others.

                                     PRIOR ACTION
           
          AB 2692 (FONG)                                                    
                                                                    Page 3  
           








          Assembly Elections and Redistricting Committee:  6-0
          Assembly Appropriations Committee: 17-0
          Assembly Floor:                         76-0
                                           
                                      POSITIONS  

          Sponsor: Author

           Support: League of Women Voters of California

           Oppose:  None received
































          AB 2692 (FONG)                                                    
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