BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 2712
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          Date of Hearing:  April 30, 2014

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT
                           K.H. "Katcho" Achadjian, Chair
                     AB 2712 (Daly) - As Amended:  April 23, 2014
           
          SUBJECT  :  Hazardous materials: Orange County Water District:  
          groundwater remediation.

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Orange County Water District (District)  
          to provide notice and meet and confer with specified agencies  
          and responsible parties, prior to filing an action to recover  
          the costs of cleaning up or containing contamination, and  
          requires the District to comply with the requirements of the  
          National Contingency Plan (NCP).  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Adds a new section to the Orange County Water District Act  
            (Act) to allow the District to conduct any investigations of  
            the quality of the surface and groundwaters within the  
            District that the District determines to be necessary and  
            appropriate to determine whether those waters are contaminated  
            or polluted.

          2)Allows the District to expend available funds to perform any  
            cleanup, abatement, or remedial work required under the  
            circumstances which, in the determination of the board of  
            directors, is required by the magnitude of the endeavor or the  
            urgency of prompt action needed to prevent, abate, or contain  
            any threatened or existing contamination of, or pollution to,  
            the surface or groundwaters of the District.  

          3)Allows the action in 2), above, to be taken in default of, or  
            in addition to, remedial work by the person causing the  
            contamination or pollution, or other persons, and allows the  
            District to perform the work itself, by contract, or by or in  
            cooperation with any other governmental agency.

          4)Requires the District, in order to obtain, by legal action or  
            proceeding, the recovery of the costs of cleaning up or  
            containing contamination, abating the effects of the  
            contamination or pollution, or taking other emergency,  
            removal, or remedial action pursuant to 5), below, to do all  
            of the following:

             a)   Provide notice of the action to the office of the  








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               regional water quality control board for the region in  
               which the action shall be taken and the Department of Toxic  
               Substances Control (DTSC);

             b)   With respect to the contamination, meet and confer with  
               any agency that may be an administering agency and make  
               reasonable efforts to meet and confer with any responsible  
               party that is subject to an order of directive of the  
               administering agency; and,

             c)   Comply with the requirements for consistency with the  
               NCP that would apply to the State of California if it were  
               seeking to recover costs pursuant to the Comprehensive  
               Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of  
               1980  (CERCLA) or the Carpenter-Presley-Tanner Hazardous  
               Substances Account Act.


          5)Requires, if pursuant to 2), above, the contamination or  
            pollution is cleaned up or contained, the effects thereof  
            abated, or, in the case of threatened contamination or  
            pollution, other necessary emergency, removal, or remedial  
            action is taken, and the District takes action in accordance  
            with 4), above, the person causing or threatening to cause  
            that contamination or pollution shall be liable to the  
            District to the extent of the reasonable costs actually  
            incurred in cleaning up or containing the contamination or  
            pollution, abating the effects of the contamination or  
            pollution, or taking other remedial action.

          6)Provides that the amount of those costs, together with court  
            costs and reasonable attorneys' fees, shall be recoverable in  
            a civil action by, and paid to, the District, and provides  
            that in any such action, the necessity for the cleanup,  
            containment, abatement, or remedial work, and the  
            reasonableness of the costs incurred therewith, shall be  
            presumed, and the defendant shall have the burden of proving  
            that the work was not necessary, and the costs not reasonable.

          7)Declares the intent of the Legislature that the District adopt  
            a policy that would address the process for groundwater  
            remediation projects with the following goals:

             a)   To provide increased clarity and certainty of the  
               process for all interested parties;








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             b)   To provide for the swift remediation of groundwater  
               contamination; and,

             c)   To uphold the responsibilities of the District.

          8)Declares the intent of the Legislature that the District enter  
            into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the District,  
            the Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC), the  
            California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana  
            region, and the Orange County Health Care Agency to establish  
            a process for review of the District's proposed groundwater  
            remediation projects.

          9)Finds and declares that a special law is necessary and that a  
            general law cannot be made applicable because DTSC, the  
            California Regional Water Quality Control Board, and the  
            certified unified program agency for the County of Orange have  
            provided and continue to provide oversight for groundwater  
            cleanups at many sites in north and central Orange County, and  
            the District has undertaken investigations and planning for  
            several potential groundwater cleanup projects covering large  
            parts of those same areas, creating the potential for  
            conflicting and inconsistent regulation of businesses and  
            landowners in those parts of Orange County that may be  
            responsible for conduction of groundwater investigations and  
            cleanups at their sites.

          10)Requires, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that  
            this Act contains costs mandated by the state, that  
            reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those  
            costs shall be made, as specified.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Creates the District and prescribes its powers and duties and  
            boundaries, consisting of specified lands in the County of  
            Orange, including the Cities of Anaheim, Fullerton, and Santa  
            Ana.

          2)Authorizes the District to perform actions useful or necessary  
            to replenish the underground water basin with the District, or  
            to augment and protect the quality of the common water  
            supplies of the District.









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          3)Authorizes the District to investigate the quality of the  
            surface and groundwater within the District to determine  
            whether the waters are contaminated or polluted, and  
            authorizes the District to expend funds to perform any  
            cleanup, abatement, or remedial work to prevent, abate, or  
            contain the contamination of, or pollution to, the surface or  
            groundwater of the District.

          4)Requires the person causing or threatening to cause the  
            contamination or pollution to be liable to the District for  
            reasonable costs actually incurred in cleaning up or  
            containing the contamination or pollution, abating the effects  
            of the contamination or pollution, or taking other remedial  
            action.

          5)Establishes DTSC to regulate hazardous waste, cleans-up  
            existing contamination, and looks for ways to reduce the  
            hazardous waste produced in California.

          6)Establishes, under the federal CERCLA, prohibitions and  
            requirements concerning closed and abandoned hazardous waste  
            sites, and provides for liability of persons responsible for  
            releases of hazardous waste at these sites.  Among the  
            multiple elements of CERCLA, two relevant provisions provide:

             a)   Requires long-term remedial response actions that  
               permanently and significantly reduce the dangers associated  
               with releases or threats of releases of hazardous  
               substances that are serious, but not immediately life  
               threatening.  These actions can be conducted only at sites  
               listed on EPA's National Priorities List; and,

             b)   Provides for the revision of the NCP.  The NCP provided  
               the guidelines and procedures needed to respond to releases  
               and threatened releases of hazardous substances,  
               pollutants, or contaminants. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  This bill is keyed fiscal.

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Background on the District  .  The District was formed in 1933  
            by the California State Legislature enactment of the Act to  
            protect Orange County's rights to water in the Santa Ana  
            River.  The District's primary responsibility is managing the  








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            vast groundwater basin under northern and central Orange  
            County that supplies water to more than 20 cities and water  
            agencies, serving more than 2.3 million Orange County  
            residents. 
             
             The District primarily recharges the basin with water from the  
            Santa Ana River and, to a lesser extent, with imported water  
            purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern  
            California.  The District currently holds rights to all Santa  
            Ana River flows reaching Prado Dam. Water enters the  
            groundwater basin via settling or percolation ponds in the  
            cities of Anaheim and Orange.  Behind Prado Dam (constructed  
            and owned by the U.S. 


            Army Corps of Engineers for flood prevention), the District  
            owns 2,400 acres in Riverside County, which the district uses  
            for water conservation, water quality improvement, and  
            environmental enhancement.

            The District monitors the groundwater taken out each year to  
            ensure that the basin is not overdrawn, refills the basin, and  
            carries out an assessment program to pay for operating  
            expenses and the cost of imported replenishment water.  The  
            groundwater basin provides more than half of all water used  
            within the District.  The District uses more than 700 wells  
            providing more than 1,400 sampling points-from which the  
            District takes more than 18,000 water samples and conducts  
            more than 350,000 analyses every year. 

            In 1989, Section 8 of the District's Act was amended to allow  
            the District to recover from parties who contaminate  
            groundwater the District's costs in remediating contamination.  
            

           2)Purpose of this bill  .  This bill requires the District, in  
            order to obtain, by legal action or proceeding, the recovery  
            of the costs of cleaning up or containing contamination,  
            abating the effects of the contamination or pollution, or  
            taking other emergency, removal, or remedial action, to  
            provide notice of the action to a regional water quality  
            control board and the DTSC, to meet and confer with agencies  
            and any responsible party, and to comply with the requirements  
            for consistency with the NCP. 
             








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             Additionally, the bill states the intent of the Legislature  
            that the District adopt a policy to address the process for  
            groundwater remediation projects and that the District shall  
            enter into a MOU between it, the DTSC, the California Regional  
            Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana region, and the Orange  
            County Health Care Agency to establish a process of review of  
            the District's proposed groundwater remediation projects.

            The bill is sponsored by the Orange County Business Council.

           3)Ongoing litigation  .  The District filed a lawsuit in State  
            Superior Court against parties responsible for contamination  
            in the north part of the Orange County Groundwater Basin  
            (North Basin area).  That lawsuit was filed after the District  
            became aware of widespread groundwater contamination in that  
            area that caused three municipal potable-water production  
            wells to be removed from service and destroyed (two City of  
            Fullerton wells and one City of Anaheim well).  To date, the  
            judge has not rendered a final ruling.  However, the judge has  
            issued a Statement of Decision and a Preliminary Ruling that  
            strongly indicates the judge will rule against the District.   
            When a final ruling is rendered, and if it is unfavorable as  
            indicated, the District will consider whether to appeal.

            The District filed a lawsuit in State Superior Court against  
            the parties responsible for the contamination of the Irvine  
            Ranch Water District potable-water supply well in the southern  
            portion of the Orange County Groundwater Basin (South Basin  
            area.)  The State Superior Court judge in the South Basin case  
            has ruled unfavorably toward the District and not allowed the  
            trial to proceed.  The District is currently appealing that  
            decision.

           4)NCP  .  The NCP defines the organizational structure and  
            procedures for preparing for and responding to discharges of  
            oil and releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, and  
            contaminants.  The NCP was developed by the United States  
            Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) in response to CERCLA  
            amendments of 1980, and by section 311(d) of the Clean Water  
            Act.  
             
            The NCP outlines a process for investigating and remediating  
            federal National Priority List (NPL) Sites (i.e., federal  
            Superfund Sites).  This process has also been adopted by  
            CalEPA DTSC for State "Superfund" Sites.  








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             The NCP process involves investigating the nature and extent  
            of contamination (remedial Investigation); conducting a Human  
            Health Risk Assessment; conducting a Feasibility Study, which  
            includes developing and evaluating several remedial  
            alternatives; selecting a proposed remedy; preparing a  
            Proposed Remedial Action Plan (Proposed Plan); soliciting  
            public and government agency review and comment on the  
            Proposed Plan; final remedy selection; and, then Remedial  
            Design and Remedial Action (construction and long-term  
            operation and maintenance).  
           
           5)Author's statement  .  According to the author, "AB 2712 is the  
            product of compromise between the Orange County Business  
            Council and the Orange County Water District. This landmark  
            agreement establishes a positive framework that will enable  
            the district to discharge its primary responsibility for  
            managing the groundwater basin under northern and central  
            Orange County while encouraging a transparent and coordinated  
            process for the clean- up of contaminated groundwater. 

            "I am optimistic that this bill will foster a new chapter of  
            cooperation between the District and the local business  
            community and protect consumers, ratepayers and businesses  
            from unnecessary and costly litigation. The National  
            Contingency Plan process that is now at the heart of AB 2712  
            is a time-tested, federal process that seeks to improve  
            coordination between the responsible governmental agencies  
            that often participate in an environmental clean-up project.  
            The NCP offers a template for coordination and transparency  
            that will more effectively focus the resources needed to  
            address cleanup concerns while providing the business  
            community with much needed clarity."

           6)Arguments in support  .  Supporters argue that this bill is  
            needed to ensure that scarce resources are expended on  
            cleaning up contaminated water and not costly litigation.

           7)Arguments in opposition  .  None on file.
                
            8)Double-referral  .  This bill is double-referred to the  
            Committees on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials and  
            will be heard in that Committee on April 29, 2014.

           








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          REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Orange County Business Council [SPONSOR]
          Advanced Medical Technology Association 
          Anaheim Chamber of Commerce
          Association of California Insurance Companies
          California Apartment Association
          California Building Industry Association
          California Business Properties Association
          California Business Roundtable
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Healthcare Institute
          Fresno Area Chamber of Commerce
          Fullerton Chamber of Commerce
          Huntington Beach Chamber of Commerce
          Irvine Chamber of Commerce
          Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce
          Orange County Auto Dealers Association
          Orange County Business Council
          Orange County Technology Action Network
          Personal Care Products Council
          Sacramento Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce
          San Gabriel Valley Economic Partnership
          South Orange County Economic Coalition

           Opposition 
           
          None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Debbie Michel / L. GOV. / (916)  
          319-3958 











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