BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 2746
          Author:   Assembly Judiciary Committee
          Amended:  7/1/14 in Senate
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 6/24/14
          AYES:  Jackson, Corbett, Lara, Leno, Monning, Vidak
          NOES:  Anderson

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  76-0, 5/15/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Attorneys:  annual membership fees

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill authorizes the State Bar of California  
          (State Bar) to collect active membership dues of up to $397 for  
          the year 2015, and increases the amount that members of the  
          State Bar may choose to contribute to free legal services for  
          those with limited means from $30 to $38.  This bill also adds  
          $7 to the annual membership fees for active members to be  
          allocated only for the purpose of paying the administrative  
          costs of the programs of the State Bar, and, contingent on that  
          $7 remaining in force and effect, removes language authorizing  
          the State Bar to deduct administrative costs from funds received  
          in support of legal services.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          1. Existing law requires all attorneys who practice law in  
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             California to be members of the State Bar and establishes the  
             State Bar for the purpose of regulating the legal profession.  
              Pursuant to the State Bar Act, the annual mandatory  
             membership fee set by the State Bar's Board of Trustees to  
             pay for discipline and other functions must be ratified by  
             the Legislature.  

             Existing law authorizes the State Bar to collect $315 in  
             annual membership fees from active members for a total annual  
             dues bill of $390 for the year 2014.  The other $75 is  
             pursuant to statutory authorization to assess annually the  
             following fees (a) $40 for the Client Security Fund; (b) $25  
             for disciplinary activities; and (c) $10 to fund the Lawyer  
             Assistance Program. 

             Existing law authorizes the State Bar to collect $75 in  
             annual membership fees from inactive members for a total  
             annual dues bill of $115 for the year 2014.  The other $40 is  
             pursuant to statutory authorization to assess annually the  
             following fees (a) $10 for the Client Security Fund; (b) $25  
             for disciplinary activities; and (c) $5 to fund the Lawyer  
             Assistance Program.

             Existing case law, Keller v. State Bar of California (1990)  
             496 U.S. 1, prohibits the use by the State Bar of mandatory  
             dues to fund political and ideological activities, as a  
             violation of a member's First Amendment freedom of speech  
             rights, where such expenditures are not necessarily or  
             reasonably incurred for the purpose of regulating the legal  
             profession or improving the quality of the legal services  
             available to the people of the state.  Existing law allows  
             members to deduct up to $5 from the mandatory dues if the  
             member does not wish to fund legislative activities and  
             non-Keller lobbying and activities with his/her dues.

             Existing law authorizes the State Bar to increase the annual  
             membership fees by an additional $30, to be allocated only  
             for purposes of providing voluntary support for nonprofit  
             organizations that provide free legal services to persons of  
             limited means.  Members have the option of deducting the $30  
             from the annual membership fee if they elect not to have the  
             amount allocated for the purposes of legal services. 

             This bill authorizes the State Bar to collect active  

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             membership dues of up to $390 for the year 2014.  This bill  
             also increases the amount that members can voluntarily  
             contribute to legal services from $30 to $38. 

          2. Existing law provides that the State Bar's Board of Trustees  
             may aid in all matters pertaining to advancement of the  
             science of jurisprudence or to the improvement of the  
             administration of justice, as specified. 

             This bill additionally provides that the State Bar's Board of  
             Trustees may collect reasonable charges authorized by statute  
             with respect to all matters incident to licensing,  
             regulation, and discipline, including, as specified, the  
             support and delivery of legal services to indigent persons,  
             including qualified nonprofit legal aid organizations and pro  
             bono, and the advancement of equal access.

          3. Existing law provides that, notwithstanding any other law,  
             the State Bar is authorized to facilitate the professional  
             responsibilities of members by collecting voluntary financial  
             support for nonprofit organizations that provide legal  
             services to persons of limited means.  

             This bill provides that all funds received for programs  
             related to the above provision shall be devoted to the  
             support of qualified legal services projects without  
             deduction for administrative fees, costs, or expenses by the  
             State Bar.

          4. Existing law states that it has been the tradition of those  
             learned in the law and licensed to practice law in this state  
             to provide voluntary pro bono legal services to those who  
             cannot afford the help of a lawyer.  

             This bill, instead, provides that it has been the  
             "traditional obligation" of those learned in the law and  
             licensed to practice law in this state to provide voluntary  
             pro bono legal services to those who cannot afford the help  
             of a lawyer.

          5. Existing law requires the State Bar to distribute all moneys  
             received under the program for the provision of legal  
             services to indigent persons and permits the State Bar to pay  
             the administrative costs of the program and a reasonable  

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             reserve from those moneys.  

             This bill provides that $7 will be added to the annual  
             membership fees to be allocated only for the purpose of  
             paying the administrative costs of the programs of the State  
             Bar.

             This bill strikes language authorizing the State Bar to pay  
             administrative costs from monies received for legal services,  
             and, instead, provides that if the above $7 authorization  
             ceases to be in force and effect, the State Bar may deduct  
             monies received to pay the reasonable administrative costs of  
             performing its obligations.

           Background
           
          The State Bar of California is a public corporation.  Attorneys  
          who wish to practice law in California generally must be  
          admitted and licensed in this state and must be a member of the  
          State Bar.  (Cal. Const., art. VI, Sec. 9.)  The State Bar of  
          California is the largest state bar in the country.  As of June  
          2014, the State Bar had 182,746 active members and 53,573  
          inactive members, which represents a slight annual increase in  
          both active members and inactive members.  Total State Bar  
          membership is listed at 249,578, which includes 2,144 judge  
          members and 11,114 members who are "Not Eligible to Practice  
          Law." 
           
          The State Bar's programs are financed mostly by annual  
          membership dues paid by attorneys as well as other fees paid by  
          applicants seeking to practice law.

           The Legal Services Trust Fund Program  .  The State Bar makes  
          grants to nonprofit organizations that provide free legal  
          services to indigent persons.  In 2013, that program had total  
          revenues of $11.2 million, consisting of $4.98 million in IOLTA  
          revenue (interest earned on client trust accounts), $3.28  
          million from the Temporary Emergency Legal Services Voluntary  
          Assistance Option, $2 million from the Administration of Justice  
          Fund, $933,000 from the Justice Gap Fund, and $13,000 in  
          interest.  Under existing law, after deducting administrative  
          costs, the State Bar is required to distribute 85% of those  
          funds to qualified legal services projects, and, 15% to  
          qualified support centers.

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          The following information was reported to the Legislature in the  
          2013 Financial 
          Statement and Independent Auditor's Report of the State Bar of  
          California:

           Assets  .  As of December 31, 2013, the State Bar's total assets  
          were $198.0 million, up slightly by $1.8 million, or 0.9%  
          compared to $196.2 million last year.  Cash, investments, and  
          restricted cash consist of balances in demand deposit accounts,  
          money market accounts, the State Bar's share of California's  
          Local Agency Investment Fund, and investment securities.  For  
          the year ended December 31, 2013, the combined cash and  
          investment balance was $85.5 million, down by $24.1 million or  
          21.9% from $109.6 million last year.  The lower cash balance is  
          due primarily to the capital spending on the new facility in Los  
          Angeles. . . . Net capital assets balance as of December 31,  
          2013, is $102.2 million, a $26.5 million increase compared to  
          $75.7 million last year.  The increase is due to additional  
          capital expenditures for the new facility in Los Angeles,  
          partially offset by the normal depreciation. 

           Liabilities  .  The State Bar's total liabilities consisted of  
          accounts payable to vendor accounts, unearned fees collected in  
          advance, grants payable, loans payable, and employee vacation  
          and sick leave accruals.  As of December 31, 2013, the State  
          Bar's total liabilities were $67.1 million, up by $5.9 million,  
          or 9.6% compared to $61.2 million last year.  The increase is  
          due to a combination of (1) a $3.4 million increase in accounts  
          payable to vendor due to the timing of payments for the Los  
          Angeles building construction costs; (2) a $3.3 million increase  
          in grant payable due to timing of grant disbursement; (3) a $0.4  
          million increase in unearned member dues collected in advance;  
          partially offset by (4) a $1.4 million reduction in loan payable  
          due to repayments made to the Los Angeles building mortgage loan  
          obligation. 

           Net Position  .  This component of net position consists of  
          restricted net position, net investments in capital assets, and  
          unrestricted net position.  The State Bar's net position as of  
          December 31, 2013, was $130.9 million, slightly down by $4.1  
          million or 3.0% compared to $135.0 million in 2012. 

          Operating Revenues  .  For the fiscal year ended December 31,  

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          2013, the State Bar's total operating and non-operating revenues  
          were $137.4 million.  Total operating revenues for all programs  
          for 2013 were $136.2 million, up by $3.8 million or 2.9%  
          compared to $132.4 million last year.  The increase is due to a  
          combination of (1) a $2.1 million increase in membership  
          revenues as a result of the expiration of the one-time rebate of  
          $10 to members in 2012 and overall growth in the membership for  
          new admittees; (2) a $0.9 million increase in examination and  
          legal specialization fees due to increase of applicants; and (3)  
          a $0.7 million net increase in other programs, including grant  
          revenue, and seminar and workshop revenues.  Total nonoperating  
          revenues were $1.3 million, down significantly by $24.2 million  
          or 94.9% from last year.  The nonoperating revenues in 2012  
          consisted of a $24.5 million nonrecurrent revenue generated from  
          the gain on disposal of land.

           Operating Expenses  .  For fiscal year 2013, the State Bar's total  
          operating expenses were $141.5 million, up by $11.2 million or  
          8.6% compared to $130.3 million last year.  The increase is due  
          to a combination of (1) a $4.3 million increase in Client  
          Security Fund application payouts as a result of a State Bar's  
          Board of Trustees's decision to devote additional financial  
          resources to mitigate the pending application waiting time; and  
          (2) a $2.4 million increase in personnel costs due to the  
          resumption of step and merit increases for existing staff, and  
          filling of vacant positions; (3) a $1 million increase in  
          examination costs due to increase of exam applicants; and (4) a  
          $3.5 million increase in general and administration costs due  
          largely to the San Francisco building repair and maintenance  
          projects.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  7/1/14)

          State Bar of California


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author:

             This bill re-authorizes the State Bar to continue  
             collecting annual dues from members licensed to practice  
             law in California.  It also seeks to address the continuing  

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             crisis in the state's funding system for nonprofit legal  
             aid organizations that provide free legal services to the  
             poor by empowering the Bar to take additional steps  
             reflecting the Bar's longstanding commitment to addressing  
             this issue as part of its regulation of the profession.

             For over 30 years, interest on lawyer trust accounts  
             (IOLTA) has been the primary mechanism on which the state  
             has relied to fund legal aid programs.  It seems likely  
             that when the IOLTA program was instituted in 1981, no one  
             anticipated that bank interest rates would be virtually  
             zero, as the federal funds rate has been (.25%) since the  
             2009-10 IOLTA grant cycle.  The historic plunge in interest  
             rates now poses an unprecedented challenge to the premise  
             that legal aid programs can rely on IOLTA funding to help  
             maintain their essential mission.  The collapse of bank  
             interest rates has caused IOLTA funding to drop over 75% to  
             a record low.  The decimation of IOLTA funding would be bad  
             enough if the starting place had been equal access to  
             justice.  But California has long suffered an overwhelming  
             "justice gap" in the availability of legal services,  
             compounded by the economic recession and significant  
             increases in poverty.  Even in the best of times, legal aid  
             providers have been able to address only a fraction of the  
             demand for help. . . . 

             This bill would take modest steps towards staunching some  
             of the losses caused by the severe reductions in legal aid  
             funding.  

             This bill also allows legal aid programs to receive the  
             full benefit of IOLTA revenue that is currently used for  
             expenses of the State Bar, and provides for a modest $7 fee  
             increase for active members to cover increases in the  
             administrative costs of State Bar operations, largely due  
             to routine salary and benefit cost increases over time.

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  76-0, 5/15/14
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier,  
            Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell,  
            Gray, Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Holden,  

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            Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal,  
            Maienschein, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Muratsuchi, Nazarian,  
            Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, John A. P�rez, V.  
            Manuel P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas,  
            Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner, Waldron,  
            Weber, Wieckowski, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Donnelly, Mansoor, Wilk, Vacancy


          AL:d  7/2/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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