BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  SB 536                      HEARING:  5/8/13
          AUTHOR:  Berryhill                    FISCAL:  No
          VERSION:  5/1/13                      TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Weinberger               

                    COUNTY DISTRICTS' PROPERTY RELATED FEES
          

          States that a county does not need to provide subsidies to  
          cure service deficiencies in a county-dependent district if  
          the district's voters reject or reduce a property-related  
          fee.


                           Background and Existing Law  

          The California Constitution defines a property-related fee  
          or charge as any levy other than an ad valorem tax, a  
          special tax, or an assessment, imposed by an agency upon a  
          parcel or upon a person as an incident of property  
          ownership, including a user fee or charge for a  
          property-related service (Proposition 218, 1996).

          Before a local government can charge a new property-related  
          fee, or increase an existing fee, Proposition 218 requires  
          local officials to:
                 Identify the parcels to be charged,
                 Calculate the fee for each parcel,
                 Notify the parcels' owners in writing about the  
               fees and the hearing,
                 Hold a public hearing to consider and count  
               protests, and
                 Abandon the fees if a majority of the parcels'  
               owners protest.

          New or increased property-related fees also require:
                 A majority-vote of the affected property owners, or
                 Two-thirds registered voter approval, or
                 Weighted ballot approval by the affected property  
               owners.
          However, this election requirement doesn't apply to  
          property-related fees for sewer, water, or refuse  
          collection services.





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          The 2006 California Supreme Court decision in Bighorn  
          Desert-View Water Agency v. Verjil found that a water  
          agency's charges for on-going water delivery are  
          property-related fees that are subject to Proposition 218's  
          notice, protest, and hearing requirements and can be  
          reduced by voter-approved local initiatives.  In light of  
          the Court's decision, it is likely that fees for ongoing  
          sewer and refuse collection services are similarly subject  
          to Proposition 218's provisions.

          In some communities, property owners or voters have used  
          Proposition 218's procedures to reject proposals for new or  
          increased property-related fees.  County officials worry  
          that if they can't impose fees in an amount that is  
          sufficient to pay for the costs of providing services to  
          properties, they will be forced to either reduce service  
          levels or subsidize the costs of service with general tax  
          revenues.


                                   Proposed Law  

          Senate Bill 536 states that a county is not obligated to  
          provide subsidies to cure deficiencies in funding for  
          property-related services provided in a district if any of  
          the following apply:
                 The district's governing board proposed to impose,  
               extend, or increase property related fees or charges  
               for the services, the board fully complied with  
               Section 6 of Article XIII D of the California  
               Constitution, and a majority of parcel owners submit a  
               written protest against the proposed imposition,  
               extension, or increase, pursuant to subdivision (a) of  
               Section 6 of Article XIII D of the California  
               Constitution.
                 The district's governing board proposed to impose,  
               extend, or increase property related fees or charges  
               for the services, the board fully complied with  
               Section 6 of Article XIII D of the California  
               Constitution, and the proposed imposition, extension,  
               or increase failed to get voter approval pursuant to  
               subdivision (c) of Section 6 of Article XIII D of the  
               California Constitution.
                 Property related fees or charges for the services  
               that fully complied with Section 6 of Article XIII D  
               of the California Constitution were reduced or  





          SB 536 -- 5/1/13 -- Page 3



               repealed by the voters by an initiative pursuant to  
               Section 3 of Article XIII C of the California  
               Constitution.

          SB 536's provisions do not apply if the board of  
          supervisors undertook the obligation to subsidize the  
          services before the completion of a majority protest  
          proceeding or election.

          SB 536 defines a "district" as a local governmental entity  
          created for the purpose of providing sidewalks, streets,  
          sewers, water, flood control, drainage systems, or vector  
          control services within its jurisdiction with a governing  
          board that has the same members as the board of supervisors  
          for the county in the overlapping geographical area.

          SB 536 states that "fully complied with Section 6 of  
          Article XIII D of the California Constitution" means all of  
          the following:
                 Revenues derived from the proposed fee or charge do  
               not exceed the funds required to provide the  
               property-related service.
                 Revenues derived from the fee or charge are not  
               used for any purpose other than that for which the fee  
               or charge was imposed.
                 The amount of the fee or charge imposed on any  
               parcel or person as an incident of property ownership  
               does not exceed the proportional cost of the service  
               attributable to the parcel or person.
                 The fee or charge is not imposed for a service  
               unless and until that service is actually used by, or  
               immediately available to, the property owner in  
               question.
                 The fee or charge is not imposed for general  
               government services if the service is available to the  
               public at large in substantially the same manner it is  
               to property owners.
                 The district has identified all parcels upon which  
               the fee or charge is proposed and calculated the  
               amount of the fee or charge to be imposed upon each  
               identified parcel.
                 The district has provided a written notice by mail  
               of the proposed fee or charge to the record owner of  
               each identified parcel, in conformance with  
               subdivision (c) of Section 6 of Article XIII D of the  
               California Constitution, and provided for all required  





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               hearings.


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          No estimate.


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  When property owners or voters  
          reject or reduce property-related fees, local agencies are  
          left without any good options for continuing the projects  
          or services funded by those fees, including water, sewer,  
          and refuse collection services.  If property-related fee  
          revenues are insufficient to cover a local agency's  
          maintenance and operations costs for providing a service,  
          it may have to reduce the level of service provided.  If  
          reduced service levels would pose a risk to public health  
          or safety, the agency may be forced to use general tax  
          revenues to pay for the operations and maintenance costs of  
          those services.  Many local governments' general fund  
          revenues are already stretched too thin to provide core  
          services that benefit all local taxpayers.  Property owners  
          should not expect local governments to use scarce general  
          tax revenues to subsidize the costs of projects or services  
          that benefit only specific properties.  SB 536 clarifies  
          that local governments aren't obligated to provide  
          subsidies.

          2.   Different from existing law  ?  It is not clear that  
          current law requires local governments to subsidize public  
          services provided to properties when, as the result of a  
          successful initiative, vote, or protest pursuant to  
          Proposition 218, property-related fees cannot cover the  
          full costs of those services.  Some local governments may  
          be obligated by federal law, or by court order, to provide  
          water or sewer service that meets certain standards.  In  
          other cases, there may be no legal obligation for a local  
          agency to maintain a particular level of service.  Some  
          local government officials may choose to subsidize services  
          to properties because of the political challenge involved  
          in reducing service levels or privatizing service delivery.  
           If a local government is not required to provide  
          subsidies, SB 536's provisions may simply restate existing  
          law while doing nothing to address local elected officials'  





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          reluctance to face the political consequences of reducing  
          services in response to the rejection of new or increased  
          property-related fees.  By restating existing law, SB 536  
          may unintentionally imply that local governments would be  
          obligated to provide subsidies for services to properties,  
          absent the bill's provisions.  

          3.   Too narrow  .  One rule of legal interpretation is that  
          if a law mentions some things, by implication the statute  
          excludes other things (expressio unius est ex-clusio  
          alterius).  Because SB 536's provisions apply only to  
          property-related fees imposed by a county-dependent  
          district's board of directors, the bill may unintentionally  
          imply that local governments are obligated to subsidize the  
          costs of services funded by other types of property related  
          fees.  For example, property owners who reject a fee  
          increase for sewer services provided directly by a county  
          or independent special district might point to SB 536's  
          provisions to argue that the Legislature expects the county  
          or district to maintain sewer services by using other  
          revenue sources.  To avoid any such implication, the  
          Committee may wish to consider amending SB 536 to apply to  
          all property related fees.  

          4.   Similar legislation  .  SB 536 is nearly identical to SB  
          1120 (Berryhill, 2012), which the Senate Governance &  
          Finance Committee approved last year by a 9-0 vote.  SB  
          1120 died on the Senate Floor.


                         Support and Opposition  (5/2/13)

           Support  :  Madera County; Rural County Representatives of  
          California.

           Opposition  :  Unknown.