BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 577
          Author:   Pavley (D)
          Amended:  1/6/14
          Vote:     21


           SENATE HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 4/23/13
          AYES:  Yee, Berryhill, Emmerson, Evans, Liu, Wright

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 1/23/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Walters


            SUBJECT  :    Autism and other developmental disabilities:   
                      employment

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the development and semiannual  
          review of a plan, as specified, if community-based prevocational  
          services are determined to be a necessary step to achieve a  
          supported employment outcome for adult consumers of Regional  
          Centers.  Establishes an hourly rate for community-based  
          prevocational services of $40 per hour for a maximum of 75 hours  
          per calendar quarter for all services identified and provided in  
          the plan.  Makes various related legislative findings and  
          declarations.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:
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          1.Establishes the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services  
            Act which authorizes the Department of Developmental Services  
            (DDS) to contract with Regional Centers to provide services  
            and support to individuals with developmental disabilities,  
            including autism.

          2.Governs the habilitation services provided for adult consumers  
            of Regional Centers, including work activity programs, as  
            described, and establishes an hourly rate for supported  
            employment services provided to consumers receiving  
            individualized services.

          This bill:

          1.Makes the following legislative findings:

             A.   Individuals with developmental disabilities have to  
               struggle to find gainful employment.  Unemployment amongst  
               the developmentally disabled population is approximately  
               80%.

             B.   Within the developmentally disabled community, autism is  
               the fastest growing population, making up approximately 50%  
               of the annual new caseload of Regional Centers in some  
               parts of the state.

             C.   One in three adults with autism do not have paid work  
               experience or a college or technical education seven years  
               after leaving the K-12 school system.

             D.   In order to increase the self-sufficiency of young  
               adults with autism and other developmental disabilities,  
               including increased earning capacity and reduced government  
               benefit support, it is important that the state implement a  
               program to provide individualized skills assessment, social  
               cue training, and specific support to ensure their academic  
               and employment success.

             E.   The Governor and the Legislature must address the  
               growing need for new models of assessment, career training,  
               and expanding employment opportunities and support options  
               for young adults with autism and other developmental  
               disabilities between 18 and 30 years of age.  If this  

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               population is left without purposefully designed pathways  
               into employment, these young adults will remain at high  
               risk of public dependency throughout the course of their  
               lives.

          1.Declares legislative intent that in order to increase  
            effectiveness and opportunity to gain meaningful employment  
            opportunities, habilitation services shall also provide  
            community-based prevocational services to enhance community  
            employment readiness, develop social skills necessary for  
            successful community employment, and build a network of  
            community and employment opportunities for individuals with  
            developmental disabilities.

          2.Defines "Community-based prevocational services" to mean:

             A.   Services provided to enhance community employment  
               readiness, which may include the use of discovery and job  
               exploration opportunities; 

             B.   Social skill development services necessary to obtain  
               and maintain community employment;

             C.   Services to use internship, apprenticeship, and  
               volunteer opportunities to provide community-based  
               prevocational skills development opportunities;

             D.   Services to access and participate in postsecondary  
               education or career technical education; and 

             E.   Building a network of community and employment  
               opportunities.

          1.Requires, if community-based prevocational services are  
            determined to be a necessary step to achieve a supported  
            employment outcome, a plan to be developed and may include,  
            but is not limited to, all of the following:

             A.   An inventory of potential employment interests;

             B.   Preferences for types of work environments or  
               situations;

             C.   Identification of any training or education needed for  

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               the consumer's desired job;

             D.   Opportunities to explore jobs or self-employment as a  
               means to meet the consumer's desired employment outcome;  
               and

             E.   Identification of any personal or family networks the  
               consumer may use to achieve his/her desired employment  
               outcomes.

          1.Requires the habilitation service provider and the Regional  
            Center to review the plan developed pursuant to these  
            provisions semiannually to document progress towards  
            objectives, additional barriers, and other changes that impact  
            the consumer's desired employment outcome.
          2.Requires the hourly rate for community-based prevocational  
            services to be $40 per hour for a maximum of 75 hours per  
            calendar quarter for all services identified and provided in  
            the community-based prevocational plan as developed pursuant  
            to these provisions.

           Background
           
           Employment first efforts  .  In 2009, the Legislature and Governor  
          Schwarzenegger required that the Council on Developmental  
          Disabilities (CDD) establish a standing Employment First  
          Committee to identify strategies, best practices, and  
          incentives, and to develop an Employment First Policy.  The goal  
          of the policy was to increase the number of people with  
          developmental disabilities who are employed in integrated work,  
          self-employment, and microenterprises, and in the number earning  
          wages at or above minimum wage.  The CDD also is required to  
          provide an annual report to the Legislature outlining its work  
          and making recommendations.

          In 2011, the CDD released its first report which included  
          findings that 26.5% of working age adults with developmental  
          disabilities lives below the federal poverty line compared with  
          13% of same-aged adults in the general population.  Other  
          findings included a need for additional supports for individuals  
          to prepare for and maintain employment.  That report, and a  
          subsequent report last year, prompted a number of legislative  
          efforts to require regional centers to adopt an "employment  
          first" philosophy when assessing individuals for services, as  

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          well as other efforts. 

           Prior/related legislation
           
          AB 287 (Beall, Chapter 231, Statutes of 2009) established an  
          Employment First Committee, which has led to the CDD to put  
          together an Employment First policy, the intended outcome of  
          which is a significant increase in the number of people with  
          developmental disabilities who are employed earning wages at or  
          above minimum wage.

          AB 1041 (Chesbro, 2013) requires Regional Centers to ensure that  
          consumers, beginning at 16 years of age, are provided with  
          information about options for integrated competitive employment  
          and other services including postsecondary education, available  
          to enable the consumer to transition from school to work, and to  
          achieve the outcomes of obtaining and maintaining integrated  
          competitive employment.

          AB 954 (Mainenschein, 2013) increases the hourly rate paid to  
          providers of individualized and group-supported employment  
          services from $30.82 to $34.24 and the fees paid to the interim  
          program providers from $360 or $720 to $400 and $800,  
          respectively.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           One-time costs up to $150,000 for program development by DDS  
            (General Fund).

           Likely ongoing costs in the tens of millions per year to  
            provide pre-vocational services (General Fund and federal  
            funds).  The new service category the bill creates is designed  
            to improve the employability of developmentally disabled  
            consumers.  It is likely that most consumers who desire to use  
            the new services will continue to need their existing services  
            (such as day programs or work activity programs).  Depending  
            on the share of regional center consumers who utilize the new  
            service category, the costs could vary considerably.  For  
            example, if 10% of consumers in work activity programs, and  
            look alike programs use the new services, annual costs would  

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            be about $30 million per year.

           Potential ongoing annual savings in the millions to tens of  
            millions per year (General Fund and federal funds).  To the  
            extent that the new service category created in the bill  
            improves the employment prospects of regional center  
            consumers, it is likely that consumers will shift from more  
            expensive day programs and work activity programs to less  
            expensive supported employment programs (wherein consumers are  
            employed in the community, with ongoing assistance from  
            regional center vendors).  For example, if 50% of program  
            participants are able to shift to supported employment, annual  
            savings will be about $4 million per year.  Note the costs for  
            a regional center consumer using the new services will likely  
            only occur for the first year or two, whereas savings will  
            continue as long as the consumer stays in supported  
            employment, thus the savings will increase over time while  
            program costs are likely to remain relatively flat.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  1/23/14)

          Alameda County Board of Supervisors
          California State Council on Developmental Disabilities
          California Federation of Teachers 
          Center for Autism & Related Disorders
          Developmental Disabilities Area Board 10
          Disability Rights California
          East Bay Developmental Disabilities Legislative Coalition
          East Bay Innovations 
          Easter Seals California
          Futures Explored, Inc.
          National Assn of Social Workers- CA Chapter
          Service Employees International Union California
          The Alliance Supporting People with Intellectual and  
          Developmental Disabilities
          The Arc and Cerebral Palsy California Collaboration

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Arc and United Cerebral Palsy  
          California Collaboration writes, "People with intellectual and  
          all developmental disabilities, certainly including autism, have  
          one of the lowest employment rates and thus among the lowest  
          incomes in California.  This bill expands employment  
          opportunities in the community without jeopardizing the  
          specialized employment programs run by disability service  

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          providers that remain the only real employment opportunity for  
          some people with disabilities."


          JL:ke  1/23/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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