BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 837
          Author:   Steinberg (D), et al.
          Amended:  5/28/14
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 4/9/14
          AYES:  Liu, Block, Galgiani, Hancock, Hueso, Monning
          NOES:  Huff
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Wyland, Correa

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  5-2, 5/23/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters, Gaines


           SUBJECT  :    California Prekindergarten Program

           SOURCE  :     Early Edge California
                      Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce
                      Superintendent of Public Instruction


           DIGEST  :    This bill establishes the California Pre-Kindergarten  
          Program (CPKP), with specific requirements for local education  
          agencies to provide certain programming, and to meet quality  
          standards.  The statewide CPKP targets low-income and English  
          learner four-year-olds, and specifies eligibility requirements,  
          and requires the expansion to be funded annually by the  
          Legislature.



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           ANALYSIS  :    

           Transitional Kindergarten
           
          Existing law:

          1.Establishes compulsory education, requiring children to attend  
            school from age 6-18. 

          2.Requires a child to be admitted to kindergarten if the child  
            will have his/her fifth birthday on or before one of the  
            following dates:

             A.   December 2 of the 2011-12 school year.

             B.   November 1 of the 2012-13 school year.

             C.   October 1 of the 2013-14 school year.

             D.   September 1 of the 2014-15 school year and each year  
               thereafter.  

          1.Defines "TK" as the first year of a two-year kindergarten  
            program that uses a modified kindergarten curriculum that is  
            age and developmentally appropriate. 

          2.Requires schools, as a condition of receiving apportionments  
            for TK, to: 

             A.   Admit to TK in the 2012-13 school year a child who will  
               have his/her fifth birthday between November 2 and December  
               2.

             B.   Admit to TK in the 2013-14 school year a child who will  
               have his/her fifth birthday between October 2 and December  
               2.

             C.   Admit to TK in the 2014-15 school year, and each year  
               thereafter, a child who will have his/her fifth birthday  
               between September 2 and December 2.

           State Preschool


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           Existing law:

          1.Establishes the California State Preschool Program for  
            purposes of providing part-day and full-day developmentally  
            appropriate programs designed to facilitate the transition to  
            kindergarten for three- and four-year old children in  
            educational development, health services, social services,  
            nutritional services, parent education and participation,  
            evaluation, and staff development.  

          2.Provides that three- and four-year old children are eligible  
            for State Preschool if the family meets one of the following: 

             A.   Current CalWORKs recipient.

             B.   Income eligible.

             C.   Children are recipients of protective services (abused,  
               neglected or exploited or at risk of being abused,  
               neglected or exploited). 

          1.Provides that three- and four-year olds are eligible for  
            wraparound child care services to supplement part-day State  
            Preschool if the family is eligible for State Preschool and  
            the parents need care for at least one of the following  
            reasons:

             A.   The child is a recipient of protective services, or at  
               risk.

             B.   The parents are engaged in vocational training, as  
               specified, employed or seeking employment, seeking  
               permanent housing, or are incapacitated.

          This bill:

          1.Establishes, starting in the 2015-16 school year, establishes  
            the CPKP to do all of the following:  

             A.   Support all children in developing the skills needed to  
               build a strong foundation for success in school and life.   
               These skills shall be based on developmental domains  
               outlined in the California Preschool Learning Foundations  
               developed by the Department of Education, and to include,  

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               but not be limited to, all of the following:  

                  1)        Cognitive skills such as language, early  
                    literacy, and numeracy. 

                  2)        Social-emotional skills such as perseverance,  
                    self-control, self-esteem, motivation, and  
                    conscientiousness. 

                  3)        Physical skills such as gross and fine motor  
                    development, and healthy eating habits. 

                  4)        English language development for non-English  
                    speakers. 

             A.   Provide an environment that is appropriate for the age,  
               development, and linguistic abilities of the eligible  
               children. 

             B.   Build on high-quality early learning and child care  
               programs, including federal Head Start programs, to sustain  
               and support the cognitive, social-emotional, and physical  
               development that children achieve while attending  
               prekindergarten programs.

          1.Requires a child be eligible to attend prekindergarten if both  
            of the following are met: 

             A.   The child is eligible for free or reduced-price meals,  
               as specified.

             B.   The child is not eligible to enroll in a kindergarten  
               school and, commencing with the 2015-16 school year, will  
               have his/her fourth birthday on or before September 1 of  
               the applicable school year. 

          1.Provides that federal funding for preschool programs, and  
            state funding annually appropriated in the Budget Act for the  
            support of state preschool programs other than the program  
            required by this article, to be used to provide services for  
            eligible three-, four-, and five-year-old children, including,  
            but not limited to, augmenting prekindergarten to provide  
            full-day, full-year learning and child care services for  
            participants, as specified.

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          2.Requires all prekindergarten classes be taught by a teacher  
            who possesses a permit or credential issued by the Commission  
            on Teacher Credentialing, as specified.

          3.Requires, on or before July 1, 2015, the Commission on Teacher  
            Credentialing, in collaboration with the Superintendent of  
            Public Instruction, the California Community Colleges, the  
            California State University, private postsecondary educational  
            institutions, and the University of California, if it chooses  
            to participate, establish a workforce development plan for  
            prekindergarten teachers and paraprofessionals, and the  
            administrators who supervise them, that recommends the steps  
            necessary to provide adequate opportunities and resources for  
            existing and prospective early childhood educators to obtain  
            the necessary qualifications on or before July 1, 2021.

          4.Adds children having access to, and are enrolled in, quality  
            preschool opportunities in the year before kindergarten,  
            either through a prekindergarten program or other preschool  
            programs as a state priority. 

           Comments
           
          According to the author's office, in a multi-year strategy to  
          bridge achievement gaps and renew and strengthen early learning  
          and care opportunities for all low- income children in  
          California, the Senate proposes to make strategic adjustments to  
          existing programs and modest new investments, starting in the  
          2014-15 budget year.  At full implementation in 2019-20, the  
          Fair Start plan offers 234,000 low-income four-year-olds access  
          to high-quality pre-kindergarten, representing nearly half of  
          all four-year-olds in California.  Four-year-old children with  
          at least one working parent from low-income families would be  
          eligible for full-day pre-kindergarten and 77,000 are expected  
          to take advantage of that full-day opportunity.  The transition  
          would begin to take effect in fall 2015 at a modest additional  
          cost of $378 million.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, the most  
          substantial costs of this bill will be enrollment costs to  

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          expand Pre-Kindergarten.  The expansion is contingent on the  
          availability of Budget funding, and potential fee revenue.   
          State costs will also depend on the degree to which children who  
          access CPKP would have participated in another child care  
          program absent this bill, and the degree of state financial  
          participation in that program.

           Average Daily Attendance (ADA):  Potentially substantial  
            increase in ADA costs, likely in the hundreds of millions of  
            dollars annually, to expand full and part-day pre-school  
            programs. Enrollment is likely to increase substantially over  
            time as families become aware of their program eligibility,  
            and the process is streamlined.

           Facilities:  Unknown, potentially substantial costs to schools  
            to construct new classrooms or purchase portables. 

           Teacher qualifications:  Potentially substantial state cost  
            pressure to ensure capacity in California community colleges  
            and public university teacher credentialing programs to  
            provide the training that teachers and paraprofessionals will  
            require by 2021.

           State administration:  Significant costs, likely in the  
            hundreds of thousands of dollars for the California Department  
            of Education to promulgate regulations, provide technical  
            assistance to local education agencies, and collaborate with  
            the Commission on Teaching Credentialing on a workforce  
            development plan.  The Department also estimates that it  
            requires two personnel years at the Education Programs  
            Consultant level to staff the regulation promulgation process,  
            which could take 6-12 months.

           Professional development:  Significant local cost pressure. 

           Local Control Accountability Plans (LCAPs):  Potentially  
            significant local costs (and state cost pressure) to  
            incorporate this program into a local education agency's LCAP.

           California State Preschool Program:  Potentially substantial  
            costs to meet higher quality standards and training  
            requirements, and to increase the reimbursement rate for  
            certain programs.


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           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/28/14)

          Early Edge California (co-source) 
          Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce (co-source) 
          Superintendent of Public Instruction (co-source) 


          PQ:nl  5/28/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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