BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 926
          Author:   Beall (D) and Lara (D), et al.
          Amended:  3/17/14
          Vote:     21


           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 4/29/14
          AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, Knight, Liu, Mitchell, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  De Le�n

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  : 7-0, 05/23/14
          AYES: De Le�n, Walters, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    Child sex crimes:  statute of limitations

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill extends one of the statutory limitation  
          periods for prosecuting sex crimes committed when a victim was  
          under the age of 18, from any time up to the victim's 28th  
          birthday to any time up to the victim's 40th birthday.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Provides that the prosecution for a felony sex offense subject  
            to mandatory sex offender registration, as specified, must be  
            commenced within 10 years after commission of the offense.

          2.Provides that the prosecution for inducing a minor to pose in  
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            connection with the production of a representation of sexual  
            activity involving a minor must be commenced within 10 years  
            of the date of production of the pornographic material.

          3.Authorizes a criminal complaint to be filed in specified child  
            sex crime cases as follows:

             A.   If the crime is alleged to have been committed against a  
               person when that person was under the age of 18,  
               prosecution may commence any time up to the victim's 28th  
               birthday.

             B.   Within one year of the date a person of any age reports  
               to a California law enforcement agency that he/she, while  
               under the age of 18 years, was a victim of a sex crime, as  
               specified, if all of the following occur:

               (1)    The limitation period has expired;

               (2)    The crime involved substantial sexual conduct, as  
                 specified, excluding masturbation that is not mutual; and

               (3)    There is independent evidence that corroborates the  
                 victim's allegation.  If the victim was 21 years of age  
                 or older at the time of the report, the independent  
                 evidence shall clearly and convincingly corroborate the  
                 victim's allegation.

             A.   Within one year of the date on which the identity of the  
               suspect is conclusively established by deoxyribonucleic  
               acid (DNA) testing, if both of the following conditions are  
               met:

               (1)    The crime is one that is subject to mandatory sex  
                 offender registration, as specified.

               (2)    The offense was committed prior to January 1, 2001,  
                 and biological evidence collected in connection with the  
                 offense is analyzed for DNA type no later than January 1,  
                 2004, or the offense was committed on or after January 1,  
                 2001, and biological evidence collected in connection  
                 with the offense is analyzed for DNA type no later than  
                 two years from the date of the offense.








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          This bill:

          1.Increases the base period for prosecuting a sex crime against  
            a victim under the age of 18, from any time up to the victim's  
            28th birthday, to any time up to the victim's 40th birthday.

          2.Provides that the provisions shall only apply to crimes that  
            were committed on or after January 1, 2015, or for which the  
            statute of limitations that was in effect prior to January 1,  
            2015, has not run out as of January 1, 2015.

           NOTE:  See the Senate Public Safety Committee analysis for a  
                 detailed background of the bill.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           Potentially significant future state costs (General Fund) for  
            new commitments to state prison that otherwise would not have  
            occurred in the absence of the extended statute of  
            limitations.  The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation  
            statistics indicate an average of 1,700 commitments annually  
            to state prison for the specified sex offenses with an average  
            length of stay exceeding 10 years.  Five to 10 additional  
            prison commitments per year after 10 years would increase  
            state costs in excess of $1.5 million to $3.1 million  
            annually.

           Potentially significant ongoing increase in state court costs  
            (Trial Court Trust Fund) to the extent the extension of the  
            statute of limitations for prosecution for specified felony  
            sex offenses results in additional criminal actions. 

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/23/14)

          American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy
          California Police Chiefs Association
          California Protective Parents Association
          Child Abuse Listening Mediation
          Child Abuse Prevention Center
          Consumer Attorneys of California
          Crime Victims United of California







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          Incest Survivors' Speaker Bureau
          National Safe Child Coalition
          Restorative Justice International
          Santa Clara County District Attorney

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/23/14)

          California Attorneys for Criminal Justice
          Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
          Taxpayers for Improving Public Safety

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The California Police Chiefs  
          Association, Inc. states, "Well documented medical literature  
          demonstrates a high percentage of victims of childhood sexual  
          abuse, suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder.  The disorder  
          can cause memory loss or impairment, especially in childhood  
          sexual abuse victims.  The memory loss can seriously effect when  
          the victim is able to report, if ever.  Studies show that the  
          victims that do not report their abuse do so later in their life  
          when their memories have become clearer and they are emotionally  
          ready to do so, a complex process that may take them well into  
          their 40's and 50's."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Legal Services for Prisoners with  
          Children states, "We do not believe that increasing statutes of  
          limitations is an efficient option in addressing crime.  Indeed,  
          if the victim was 18 or under at the time of the crime, and the  
          offender could be prosecuted until the victim turns 40, then  
          crimes could be prosecuted more than 22 years later, which would  
          raise several issues.  Although suffering for the victim is a  
          life-long burden that we do not want to minimize, we strongly  
          believe in rehabilitation and redemption for all individuals.   
          This bill would extend the time within which offenders could be  
          caught back in the criminal justice system, making it almost  
          impossible for them to build new life and erase their efforts to  
          divert from their past criminal path, no matter how old the  
          crime is and who they became years after.  
           

          JG:e  5/23/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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