BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          SB 942 (Vidak) - Special Elections
          
          Amended: As Introduced          Policy Vote: E&CA 5-0
          Urgency: Yes                    Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: April 7, 2014                             
          Consultant: Maureen Ortiz       
          
          This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.
          
          
          Bill Summary:  SB 942 requires the state to reimburse counties  
          for the expenses related to special elections called to fill  
          specified vacancies which are held between January 1, 2008 and  
          December 31, 2014.

          Fiscal Impact: 
          
              Unknown, potentially in excess of $40 million (General  
              Fund)

          
          Since January 1, 2008, there have been 40 special elections  
          which SB 942 will require reimbursement to counties for election  
          expenses, with the potential for more elections to be held  
          during 2014.  Costs associated with conducting special elections  
          result in an average of about $1 million per election, depending  
          on the size of the county.  Costs are lower if the vacancy  
          election is consolidated with another local election.  However,  
          often times an election will span across multiple counties  
          resulting in several million dollars of expenses for each  
          primary and general election. The estimated costs of special  
          elections held between January 1, 2008 and November 2013 for Los  
          Angeles County alone is $27.1 million.

          Background:  Existing law requires any vacancy in a state  
          legislative or congressional office to be filled by a special  
          primary, and, if needed a special run-off election.  All  
          expenses authorized and necessarily incurred in the preparation  
          for, and conduct of, elections to be paid from the county  
          treasuries, except that when an election is called by the  
          governing body of a city the expenses shall be paid from the  
          treasury of the city.








          SB 942 (Vidak)
          Page 1




          First implemented by AB 37 (Johnson), Chapter 39, Statutes of  
          1993, the state had reimbursed counties for the costs of special  
          elections held to fill vacancies in the Senate, Assembly, and  
          Congress from 1993 through 2007.  Since 2008, there have been  
          numerous, but unsuccessful, legislative attempts to extend this  
          reimbursement provision. 

          According to the Secretary of State (SOS), since 1989, there  
          have been 136 special primary and general elections to fill  
          vacant seats in the Assembly, Senate and Congress in California;  
          an average of 5.6 per year, with 40 special elections taking  
          place for the period covering January 1, 2008 to date.

          For instance, there were twenty-one special primary and general  
          elections held to fill Legislative and Congressional vacancies  
          between January 1, 2009 and April 19, 2011.  These elections  
          resulted from the resignations of the following members: Mark  
          Ridley-Thomas, Hilda Solis, Curren D. Price, Jr., Ellen  
          Tauscher, Mike Duvall, Paul Krekorian, John Benoit, Abel  
          Maldonado, George Runner and Ted Gaines, as well as the deaths  
          of Senators Dave Cox, and Jenny Oropeza.  Special elections  
          result in an average cost of about $1 million for counties to  
          conduct depending on the size of the county.  Costs are much  
          lower if the vacancy election is consolidated with another  
          election.  Most often these costs are unbudgeted and  
          unanticipated, necessitating the shifting of funds from other  
          necessary programs to pay for the mandated elections.

          A special election to fill a vacancy in the office of  
          Representative in Congress, State Senator, or Member of the  
          Assembly must be conducted on a Tuesday at least 126 days, but  
          not more than 140 days, following the issuance of an election  
          proclamation by the Governor, except that the special election  
          may be conducted within 180 days following the proclamation if  
          the special election will be consolidated with the next  
          regularly scheduled statewide election or local election.

          Proposed Law:  SB 942 requires the state to reimburse counties  
          for all expenses authorized and necessarily incurred on or after  
          January 1, 2008 and before December 31, 2014, in the preparation  
          for, and conduct of, elections proclaimed by the Governor to  
          fill a vacancy in the office of state Senator or Member of the  








          SB 942 (Vidak)
          Page 2



          Assembly, or United States Senator or Member of the House of  
          Representatives.

          Related Legislation:  SB 963 (Torres) is scheduled to be heard  
          by this committee today and would reimburse counties for special  
          election expenses incurred on or after January 1, 2013.  AB 2273  
          (Ridley-Thomas) is identical to SB 963, and is currently pending  
          for hearing in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.  
          Additionally, this bill is similar to several measures  
          introduced in previous years including SB 519 (Emmerson) of  
          2013, SB 106 (Blakeslee) 2011, SB 141 (Price) of 2011, SB 994  
          (Price) of 2010, AB 496 (Davis) of 2010 - all of which were held  
          in this committee's Suspense File.  AB 1769 (Tran) was held in  
          the Assembly Appropriations Committee in 2010.

          Staff Comments:  The costs of holding special elections have  
          forced many counties to redirect existing resources that would  
          have provided critical services to the communities as these  
          elections are unanticipated and not budgeted on an annual basis.  
           Since the passage of Proposition 140 in 1990, there have been  
          more than one hundred special elections called by the Governor  
          to fill such vacancies, all of which impose financial hardships  
          on the affected counties.