BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Carol Liu, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 965
          AUTHOR:        Leno
          AMENDED:       April 10, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 24, 2014
          URGENCY:       Yes            CONSULTANT:Daniel Alvarez

           SUBJECT  :  Community colleges funding: San Francisco  
          Community College 
                    District.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill, an urgency measure, provides the San Francisco  
          Community College District with a revenue stream, in an  
          attempt to stabilize and maintain a predictable funding  
          base, over the next four years as the college works to  
          restore student enrollment and maintain accreditation.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law confers upon the Board of Governors of the  
          California Community Colleges the ability to prescribe  
          minimum standards for the formation and operation of  
          community colleges and exercise general supervision over  
          the community colleges (Education Code � 66700 and �  
          70901).  As such, regulations have been adopted to require  
          each community college within a district to be an  
          accredited institution - with the Accrediting Commission  
          for Community and Junior Colleges (ACCJC) determining  
          accreditation. 

          Existing law requires the Board of Governors (BOG) to  
          develop criteria and standards, in accordance with  
          specified statewide minimum requirements, for the purposes  
          of making the annual budget request for the CCC to the  
          Governor and the Legislature and allocating state general  
          apportionment revenues, among other things, a requirement  
          that the calculations of each district's revenue level for  
          each fiscal year be based on specified criteria with  
          revenue adjustments being made for increases or decreases  
          in full-time equivalent students (FTES) for specified  




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          purposes. 

          Existing law provides a year of stabilization funding,  
          during which the district receives at least the same  
          funding for enrollment as the previous year (even if  
          enrollment declines) or higher funding (up to an allowable  
          cap) if enrollment increases. This is because a district  
          usually does not know that its full-time equivalent student  
          (FTES) count has declined until it begins its enrollment  
          counts, which occur at the same time the state is  
          disbursing funds and after the district has hired faculty  
          and determined its class schedules.  If enrollment declines  
          beyond just one year, the district's revenues are reduced  
          by the decrease in its full-time equivalent students  
          (FTES).  However, those reductions are restored if  
          enrollments increase during the subsequent three years,  
          providing a district with a buffer against fluctuating  
          enrollments. 
          (Education Code � 84750.5 et.seq.)

           ANALYSIS

           This bill, an urgency measure, provides the San Francisco  
          Community College District (SFCCD) with a revenue stream,  
          in an attempt to stabilize and maintain a predictable  
          funding base, over the next four years as the college works  
          to restore student enrollment and maintain accreditation.   
          More specifically, this bill:

          1)   Requires as a condition of receiving additional  
               revenue the following conditions are satisfied:

                  a)        The community college district or a  
                    campus of the community college district is in  
                    imminent jeopardy of losing its accreditation.

                  b)        The Board of Governors (BOG) of the  
                    California Community Colleges has exercised its  
                    authority under current law, as specified and  
                    under Title 5 of the California Code of  
                    Regulations.

          1)   Requires the BOG to provide revenues to SFCCD if the  
               number of FTES decreases from the number in the  
               2013-14 fiscal year as follows:





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                  a)        For the 2014-15 fiscal year, an amount  
                    not less than the total amount that was received  
                    by the community college district for the  
                    attendance of FTES in the 2013-14 fiscal year. 

                  b)        For the 2015-16 fiscal year, an amount  
                    not less than 95 percent of the amount received  
                    for the attendance of FTES in 2013-14.

                  c)        For the 2016-17 fiscal year, an amount  
                    not less than 90 percent of the amount received  
                    for the attendance of FTES in 2013-14.

                  d)        For the 2017-18 fiscal year, an amount  
                    not less than 85 percent of the amount received  
                    for the attendance of FTES in 2013-14.

          1)   Requires the amount determined in #2 above be adjusted  
               by the chancellor to reflect cost-of-living  
               adjustments, deficit apportionments, or both, as  
               appropriate for the applicable fiscal years. 

          2)   Requires the formula prescribed in #2 above be used  
               only to determine the apportionment funding to be  
               allocated to the SFCCD.  The bill further requires  
               that SFCCD shall not be credited with more FTES than  
               were actually enrolled and in attendance when  
               computing statewide entitlements of funding based on  
               attendance of FTES.


          3)   Specifies legislative intent that any amounts,  
               necessary to make the apportionments required under #2  
               above, be drawn from the state general apportionment  
               revenues for community college districts. 

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author's office  
               accreditation challenges at City College of San  
               Francisco (CCSF) have raised serious concerns at the  
               college and in the community.  The CCSF is an  
               essential provider of higher education in San  
               Francisco, and for many students it represents the  
               only point of access to a college degree, certificate  
               or workforce training.  Although the CCSF is making  




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               significant progress to fully meet accreditation  
               standards, a significant number of students have opted  
               not to enroll or re-enroll due to uncertainty about  
               the CCSF's long-term survival. In the past year alone,  
               enrollment has declined by approximately 13 percent;  
               without immediate corrective action, this downward  
               trend of enrollment and funding will force deep  
               programmatic reductions, in turn leading to further  
               loss of enrollment, and posing a major threat to the  
               CCSF's survival. 

           2)   Accreditation  is required to receive state  
               appropriations and to be eligible for federal and  
               state financial aid programs.  Accreditation is a  
               method used in this country to generally: (1) assure  
               quality, (2) provide access to government funding, (3)  
               generate stakeholder support, and (4) facilitate  
               credit transfer for and to educational institutions.  
                
                After an initial accreditation, colleges must have  
               their accreditation reaffirmed every six years.  This  
               process includes a self-study, a site visit by a team  
               of peers, a recommendation by the visiting team and an  
               action by the Accrediting Commission for Community and  
               Junior Colleges (ACCJC).  In addition to these core  
               components, colleges must submit a midterm report  
               every three years and annual progress reports. The  
               college/district may also have to submit follow-up  
               reports and host visits as required by the Commission.  
                

               There are three levels of sanction prior to  
               termination of accreditation:  Warning, Probation, and  
               Show Cause.  Follow up reports and accreditation  
               visits are required to retain full accreditation.

               a)        Warning occurs when the accrediting  
                    Commission finds that an institution has pursued  
                    a course deviating from the Commission's  
                    eligibility requirements, accreditation  
                    standards, or Commission policies to an extent  
                    that gives concern to the Commission, it may  
                    issue a warning to the institution to correct its  
                    deficiencies, refrain from certain activities, or  
                    initiate certain activities. The accredited  
                    status of the institution continues during the  




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                    warning period.


               b)        Probation occurs when an institution  
                    deviates significantly from the commission's  
                    eligibility requirements, accreditation  
                    standards, or commission policies, but not to  
                    such an extent as to warrant a Show Cause order  
                    or termination of accreditation, or fails to  
                    respond to conditions imposed by the commission,  
                    including a warning.  During the probation  
                    period, the institution will be subject to  
                    reports and visits at a frequency determined by  
                    the commission.  The accredited status of the  
                    institution continues during the probation  
                    period.

               c)        Show Cause occurs when the commission finds  
                    an institution to be in substantial  
                    non-compliance with its eligibility requirements,  
                    accreditation standards, or commission policies,  
                    or when the institution has not responded to  
                    conditions imposed by the commission, the  
                    commission will require the institution to Show  
                    Cause why its accreditation should not be  
                    withdrawn at the end of a stated period by  
                    demonstrating that it has corrected the  
                    deficiencies noted by the commission.  In such  
                    cases, the burden of proof will rest on the  
                    institution to demonstrate why its accreditation  
                    should be continued. The commission will specify  
                    the time which the institution must resolve  
                    deficiencies. While under Show Cause order, the  
                    institution will be subject to reports and visits  
                    at a frequency to be determined by the  
                    commission.  The accredited status of the  
                    institution continues during the period of the  
                    Show Cause order. 

               Many California community colleges have faced various  
               levels of accreditation sanctions, including Show  
               Cause. With the exception of Compton College in 2004,  
               all have retained accreditation.  As of February 2014,  
               there were 12 California community colleges on Warning  
               status, one community college (Hartnell College) on  
               Probation status and one community college on Show  




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               Cause status-City College of San Francisco.  

           3)   City College of San Francisco (CCSF)  .  In July 2012,  
               the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior  
               Colleges (ACCJC) identified numerous deficiencies at  
               CCSF and moved the district directly to the most  
               severe level of sanction-"Show Cause."  The ACCJC  
               identified numerous deficiencies covering a range of  
               district operations.  The most substantive findings  
               focus on failures in the areas of fiscal planning,  
               fiscal integrity, governance and administration, as  
               well as failure to completely address eight  
               recommendations from a 2006 ACCJC evaluation team.  In  
               June 2013, the ACCJC moved to terminate the  
               accreditation of CCSF.  Community College San  
               Francisco has appealed that action and is working  
               diligently to correct the deficiencies identified by  
               the ACCJC.



           4)   Even with additional stability funding, improved  
               accreditation status isn't assured  .  Though the bill  
               provides longer term funding stability, the outcome of  
               acquiring a positive accreditation status is highly  
               uncertain.  The California Community College  
               Chancellor's Office indicates improvement on both  
               fronts - funding stability and accreditation retention  
               - is necessary.  The approach in this measure is to  
               (1) acknowledge that CCSF is in imminent jeopardy of  
               losing its accreditation status, and (2) stabilize  
               overall district funding which will be negatively  
               impacted after 2013-14 due to unprecedented enrollment  
               declines at CCSF. 

               Yet, staff could not analytically reconcile the need  
               for four years of stabilization funding.  It is an  
               equally unfortunate after-effect that the current and  
               future students of CCSF are the real victims of the  
               mismanagement of the college's fiscal resources;  
               however, other colleges that may be on the brink of  
               encountering similar accreditation circumstances have  
               addressed the timely and painful local decision-making  
               necessary to lift them from their unfortunate fiscal  
               and management situation while maintaining their  
               educational programs and resolving accreditation  




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               issues.  In light of other community colleges with  
               declining enrollment, but still in good accreditation  
               standing, not enjoying the fiscal benefits that this  
               measure would provide, staff recommends amendments  
               that:

               a)        On page 2, line 15 before the period insert:  
                    as this regulation read on April 15, 2014.

               b)        provide two years, not four years, of  
                    stabilization funding - on page 3, strike lines 5  
                    through 12; and 

               c)        consistent with current law, require that  
                    CCSF must be an accredited institution to enjoy  
                    any benefit of funding stabilization -- on page  
                    3, after line 22, insert:  (e) Subdivision (b)  
                    shall only be in affect if the community college  
                    district or campus is in compliance with Section  
                    51016 of Title 5 of the California Code of  
                    Regulations as this regulation read on April 15,  
                    2014. 

           5)   Report to the Legislature is in order  .  This measure  
               provides an extraordinary funding approach for CCSF;  
               however, there are no reporting requirements back to  
               the Legislature to ascertain if key programmatic and  
               fiscal issues are being addressed and improved.  As  
               such, staff recommends amendments to require the  
               Chancellor of the City College of San Francisco, by  
               April 15, 2015, to submit to the appropriate policy  
               and fiscal committees of the Legislature, the  
               Governor's Office, the Legislative Analyst, and the  
               Department of Finance, a report containing, at a  
               minimum, the following:

               a)        An overview of the college's current  
                    accreditation status, including a description of  
                    any identified accreditation deficiencies and  
                    activities underway to address those  
                    deficiencies;
               b)        Enrollment totals for the current and prior  
                    years;

               c)        Updated enrollment projections for the two  
                    following years;




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               d)        The number of course sections offered in the  
                    current and prior years;

               e)   A thorough explanation of the districts level of  
          budgetary reserves 
                    and sources of revenue; and

               f)        A thorough multi-year budget plan -  
               explaining, at a minimum, both 
                         revenue sources and areas of expenditures. 

               The college shall then submit updates to this report  
               every six months through the period for which the  
               funding provisions of this bill are in effect.

          6)   Past legislation  .  

               AB 1199 (Fong), an urgency measure, essentially  
               establishes a loan program for community colleges  
               under specified accreditation sanctions. This bill  
               requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the  
               California Community Colleges (CCC) to adopt a revenue  
               funding formula that provides CCC districts under  
               specified accreditation status ("probation" or "show  
               cause"), a second year of declining enrollment revenue  
               relief, provided certain conditions are met, and the  
               district must pay back the second year of declining  
               enrollment revenue in equal installments over the  
               following two years. The bill was set for hearing in  
               this committee in July 2013, but was pulled at the  
               request of the author.

               AB 318 (Dymally, Chapter 50, Statutes of 2006)  
               provided for a bond-financed loan to restore fiscal  
               solvency to the Compton Community College District and  
               made provisions for the continuation of services in  
               the event the district lost its accreditation.  

           SUPPORT  

          Chinese for Affirmative Action
          Office of the Mayor, City and County of San Francisco
          SEIU California
          San Francisco Unified School District





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           OPPOSITION

           None on file.