BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                 UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 973
          Author:   Hernandez (D)
          Amended:  8/14/14
          Vote:     21


           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 4/24/14
          AYES:  Hernandez, Morrell, Beall, DeSaulnier, Evans, Monning,  
            Nielsen, Wolk
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  De Le�n

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/12/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Walters, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg

           SENATE FLOOR  :  36-0, 5/15/14 (Consent) 
          AYES:  Anderson, Beall, Berryhill, Block, Cannella, Corbett,  
            Correa, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Evans, Fuller, Gaines, Galgiani,  
            Hancock, Hernandez, Hill, Hueso, Huff, Jackson, Knight, Lara,  
            Leno, Lieu, Liu, Mitchell, Monning, Morrell, Nielsen, Padilla,  
            Pavley, Roth, Steinberg, Torres, Vidak, Wolk, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon, Walters, Wright, Yee

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  77-0, 8/18/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Narcotic treatment programs

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST :    This bill revises existing law related to patient  
          treatment in narcotic treatment programs (NTPs).

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           Assembly Amendments  require an NTP's medical director to  
          determine whether or not to dilute take-home doses, delete the  
          authorization for NTP operation guidelines to include reliable  
          and medically necessary body fluid analysis other than  
          urinalysis, delete the requirement that an NTP have samples from  
          each patient's urinalysis collected and analyzed for evidence of  
          specified substances, and make other technical and clarifying  
          changes.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Requires the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) to  
            license NTPs to use narcotic replacement therapy in the  
            treatment of addicts whose addiction was acquired or supported  
            by the use of a narcotic drug or drugs not in compliance with  
            a physician and surgeon's legal prescription.

          2.Requires DHCS to establish and enforce the criteria for the  
            eligibility of NTP patients, program operation guidelines, and  
            any regulations that are necessary to protect the safety and  
            well-being of the patient, the local community, and the  
            public.

          3.Allows NTPs to admit a patient to narcotic maintenance or  
            narcotic detoxification treatment only seven days after  
            completion of a prior withdrawal treatment episode.

          4.Requires NTPs to provide take-home doses that are diluted in a  
            solution that has a volume of not less than one ounce.  States  
            the Legislature's intent that self-administered dosage only be  
            provided when the patient is clearly adhering to the  
            requirements of the NTP, and where daily attendance at a  
            clinic would be incompatible with gainful employment,  
            education, and responsible homemaking.  Requires DHCS to  
            prohibit NTPs from admitting new patients or from providing  
            take-home doses if the NTP fails to comply with requirements  
            to secure narcotic medications and prevent diversion, or  
            repeatedly violates state or federal regulations governing  
            take-home doses.

          5.Requires NTPs to assign consecutive numbers to patients as  
            they are admitted.

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          This bill:

          1.Permits a program to admit a patient to narcotic maintenance  
            or detoxification treatment at the discretion of a NTP's  
            medical director, rather than after seven days after  
            completion of a prior treatment episode.

          2.Requires NTPs to assign a unique identifier to, and maintain  
            an individual record for, each patient of the program rather  
            than assigning consecutive numbers to each patient.

          3.Adds to legislative intent in existing law that take-home  
            doses be provided when daily attendance at an NTP clinic would  
            be incompatible with retirement or medical disability, or if  
            the program is closed on Sundays or holidays and providing a  
            take-home dose is not contrary to federal laws and regulations  
            governing NTPs.  Specifies an NTP's medical director shall  
            determine whether or not to dilute take-home doses.

           Background
           
          According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse's (NIDA)  
          Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment, Third Edition (revised  
          December 2012), because addiction is a disease, most people  
          cannot simply stop using drugs for a few days and be cured.   
          Patients typically require long-term or repeated episodes of  
          care to achieve the ultimate goal of sustained abstinence and  
          recovery of their lives.  NIDA also states that potential  
          patients can be lost if treatment is not immediately available  
          or readily accessible, and as with other chronic diseases, the  
          earlier treatment is offered in the disease process, the greater  
          the likelihood of positive outcomes.  Because individuals often  
          leave treatment prematurely, programs should include strategies  
          to engage and keep patients in treatment.  NIDA cites research  
          that tracks individuals in treatment over extended periods that  
          shows that most people who get into and remain in treatment stop  
          using drugs, decrease their criminal activity, and improve their  
          occupational, social, and psychological functioning.  One  
          example is a 2009 study in Baltimore, Maryland, which found that  
          opioid-addicted prisoners who started methadone treatment, along  
          with counseling, in prison and continued it after release had  
          better outcomes than those who only received counseling while in  
          prison or those who only started methadone treatment after their  

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          release.

           NTPs  .  NTPs are outpatient clinics licensed by DHCS and are  
          permitted to use methadone, levoalphacetylmethadol (LAAM),  
          buprenorphine, or any other federally approved controlled  
          substance used for the purpose of narcotic replacement therapy.   
          According to the DHCS Internet Web site, treatment aspects of  
          each NTP are under the supervision of a medical director, who is  
          a licensed physician.  Patients receive treatment as long as  
          medically necessary to reduce or eliminate the craving to use or  
          abuse legal and illegal drugs, with the ultimate goal of  
          becoming productive members of society.  All patients receive a  
          medical evaluation and screening for diseases that are common in  
          the substance abusing population.  Patients are evaluated and  
          provided counseling for such things as medical, alcohol,  
          criminal, and psychological problems.  Patients are also  
          required to undergo regular testing to ensure that drugs are not  
          being abused during treatment.  According to DHCS, there are 156  
          NTP licenses issued at 142 locations, and there is one primary  
          licensed NTP with five office-based NTP locations.

           Prior Legislation
           
          AB 2268 (Chesbro, Chapter 93, Statutes of 2010) authorizes  
          physician and surgeons in California who are registered with the  
          U.S. Attorney General, pursuant to specified federal law, to  
          provide addiction treatments that are allowed under federal law.

          AB 631 (Leno, Chapter 544, Statutes of 2006) requires the  
          Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs, until January 1, 2010,  
          to establish a program for the operation and regulation of  
          mobile NTPs and required a mobile NTP to hold a primary NTP  
          license or be affiliated and associated with a primary licensed  
          NTP.

          AB 1349 (Goldberg, Chapter 1349, Statutes of 2005) made changes  
          to NTP law, including revising the Legislature's intent in  
          licensing NTPs to provide a means whereby a patient may be  
          rehabilitated and will no longer need to support a dependency on  
          opiates, and the ultimate goal of NTPs would be to aid a patient  
          in altering his/her lifestyle and eventually to eliminate the  
          improper use of legal drugs and the use of illegal drugs.

          SB 1838 (Chesbro, Chapter 862, Statutes of 2004) among other  

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          provisions, authorizes for use in replacement narcotic therapy  
          by licensed NTPs the following controlled substances:   
          methadone, LAAM, buprenorphine products, or combination products  
          approved by the Federal Drug Administration for maintenance or  
          detoxification of opioid dependence, and any other federally  
          approved controlled substances used for the purpose of narcotic  
          replacement therapy.

          SB 1807 (Vasconcellos, Chapter 815, Statutes of 2000) made a  
          legislative finding and declaration that licensed physicians,  
          experienced in the treatment of addiction, should be allowed and  
          encouraged to treat addiction by all appropriate means; required  
          Alcohol and Drug Program to establish a program for the  
          operation and regulation of office-based opiate treatment  
          programs that would either be affiliated and associated with a  
          primary licensed NTP or hold a primary NTP license; and  
          authorized any person who is participating in a deferred entry  
          of judgment program or a pre-guilty plea program to also  
          participate in a licensed methadone or LAAM program if certain  
          conditions are met.

          AB 930 (Calderon, Chapter 717, Statutes of 1999) made various  
          changes to statutes related to NTPs, including licensing  
          actions, program inspection and evaluation, patient admission,  
          take-home dosages, and administrative hearings.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee:

           Minor costs to DHCS to update applicable regulations, likely  
            under $50,000 (Narcotic Treatment Program Licensing Trust  
            Fund).

           Likely minor, absorbable costs to county Drug Medi-Cal  
            programs (local realignment funds).  The removal of the  
            seven-day restriction noted in #1 under 'This bill,' may  
            slightly increase demand for services from narcotic treatment  
            programs.  This increase in demand is not expected to be  
            significant.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/18/14)


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          California Association of Alcohol and Drug Program Executives,  
          Inc.
          California Opioid Maintenance Providers
          California Society of Addiction Medicine
          County Alcohol and Drug Program Administrators Association of  
          California
          Drug Policy Alliance
          Pacific Clinics

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    California Opioid Maintenance Providers  
          (COMP) writes in support of this bill, citing the federal Center  
          for Disease Control and Prevention's reporting that overdose  
          deaths have tripled since the 1990s.  COMP argues that there is  
          significant need for opioid addiction treatment and that there  
          currently are some very medically outdated laws that deny  
          patients treatment.

          The County Alcohol and Drug Program Administrators Association  
          of California states that this bill will enable programs to  
          provide best treatment practices and help individuals they serve  
          to access the best treatment available for substance use  
          disorders.

          The Drug Policy Alliance states that this bill removes  
          problematic and potentially very harmful requirements that can  
          lead to adverse health impacts, including overdose.

          Pacific Clinics writes in support that this bill will remove  
          barriers in state laws that prevent some individuals from  
          accessing appropriate care and that it will ensure better access  
          and continuity of care.
          
           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  77-0, 8/18/14
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Donnelly, Eggman, Fong, Fox,  
            Frazier, Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell,  
            Gray, Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Holden,  
            Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal,  
            Maienschein, Mansoor, Medina, Melendez, Muratsuchi, Nazarian,  
            Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, John A. P�rez, V.  
            Manuel P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas,  
            Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner, Waldron,  

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            Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Gomez, Mullin, Vacancy


          JL:e  8/18/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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