BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 974
          Author:   Anderson (R), et al.
          Amended:  5/6/14
          Vote:     27 - Urgency

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 4/9/14
          AYES:  Hernandez, Anderson, Beall, DeSaulnier, Evans, Monning,  
            Nielsen, Wolk
          NO VOTE RECORDED: De Le�n

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/29/14
          AYES:  Jackson, Anderson, Corbett, Lara, Leno, Monning, Vidak

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 5/23/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Walters, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg


           SUBJECT  :    California Health Benefit Exchange

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the Covered California Board to  
          allow a Covered California applicant to indicate in his/her  
          application for a qualified health plan whether he/she would  
          like assistance in completing the application from a certified  
          insurance agent or certified counselor.  This bill also  
          prohibits Covered California from disclosing personal  
          information, as defined, if the applicant indicates that he/she  
          does not want assistance from a certified insurance agent or  
          enrollment counselor.

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          ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing federal law:

          1.Required, under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act  
            (ACA), each state, by January 1, 2014, to establish an  
            American Health Benefit Exchange to make qualified health  
            plans available to individuals and qualified employers.  

          2.Specifies, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability  
            Act (HIPAA), privacy protections for patients' protected  
            health information and generally provides that a covered  
            entity, as defined (health plan, health care provider, and  
            health care clearing house), may not use or disclose protected  
            health information except as specified or as authorized by the  
            patient in writing. 

          Existing state law:

          1.Establishes Covered California in state government as a  
            state-based marketplace where individuals and small businesses  
            can purchase qualified health plans. 

          2.Prohibits every state office, officer, department, division,  
            bureau, board, commission or other state agency from  
            disclosing personal information unless the information is  
            disclosed in a specified way, including:

                 To the individual to whom the information pertains;

                 With the prior voluntary written consent, as specified;  
               or

                 To those officers, employees, attorneys, agents, or  
               volunteers of the agency that has custody of the  
               information, if the disclosure is relevant and necessary in  
               the ordinary course of the performance of their official  
               duties and is related to the purpose for which the  
               information was acquired. 

          1.Defines "personal information" as any information that is  
            maintained by an agency that identifies or describes an  

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            individual, including, but not limited to, his or her name,  
            social security number, physical description, home address,  
            home telephone number, education, financial matters, and  
            medical or employment history. 

          2.Provides that any person who willfully requests or obtains any  
            record containing personal information from an agency under  
            false pretenses is guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a  
            fine of not more than $5,000, imprisonment not to exceed one  
            year, or both.  Provides that any person who unlawfully  
            discloses information is subject to civil action for invasion  
            of privacy, in addition to any special or general damages  
            awarded, and attorney fees and/or other litigation costs  
            reasonably incurred in the suit. 

          3.Prohibits, under the Confidentiality of Medical Information  
            Act, providers of health care, health care service plans, or  
            contractors, as defined, from sharing medical information  
            without the patient's written authorization, subject to  
            certain exceptions.  

          4.Subjects any person who knowingly and willfully uses or  
            discloses information in violation of the ACA to a civil  
            penalty of not more than $25,000, in addition to any other  
            penalties that may be prescribed by law. 
           
          This bill:

          1.Requires Covered California to allow an applicant to indicate  
            in his/her health insurance application for a qualified health  
            plan whether he/she would like assistance completing the  
            application from Covered California certified agent or  
            certified enrollment counselor. 

          2.Prohibits Covered California from disclosing personal  
            information, as defined, to a certified insurance agent or  
            certified enrollment counselor if the applicant indicates that  
            he/she does not want assistance from a Covered California  
            certified insurance agent or certified enrollment counselor.

          3.States the bill becomes operative October 1, 2014.

           Background
           

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          ACA is a United States federal statute signed into law by  
          President Obama in 2010.  California was the first state to  
          create a health benefit exchange (Covered California) pursuant  
          to the passage of the ACA and was charged with creating a new  
          insurance marketplace in which individuals and small businesses  
          would be able to purchase competitively priced health plans  
          beginning in October 2013, with a March 31, 2014 deadline for  
          open enrollment.  Those without insurance may buy a plan at the  
          state's new health insurance marketplace, called Covered  
          California, or alternatively be covered by an expansion of  
          Medi-Cal.  

          By the end of February more than 800,000 Californians had  
          enrolled in a qualified health insurance plan.  However, in  
          December of last year, Covered California shared the contact  
          information of more than 60,000 individuals with private  
          insurance agents who had contracted with Covered California.   
          These individuals had started the process of applying for health  
          insurance and, for whatever reason, did not complete the  
          application.  Covered California then shared the contact  
          information of these applicants with insurance agents, who  
          contacted the individuals about securing alternative health  
          insurance and/or completing their application.  Representatives  
          of Covered California argued that sharing this information was  
          legal and would help potential customers sign up for insurance  
          by the deadline in order for coverage to start by January 1,  
          2014. 

          Legal or not, many individuals, including some insurance agents  
          given the applicants' contact information, expressed outrage  
          that applicants' personal contact information was shared without  
          knowledge or consent.  

            "I'm shocked and dumbfounded," said Sam Smith, and Encino  
            insurance broker and president of the California Association  
            of Health underwriters, an industry group. Smith said he was  
            under the impression from the Exchange that these consumers  
            had requested assistance.  He received the names of two  
            consumers ? but has not yet contacted them.  "These people  
            would have a legitimate complaint," Smith said. (Chad Terhune,  
            Los Angeles Times Covered California gave consumers' contact  
            info to agents, December 3, 2013.)

           Covered California Privacy Practices  .  Covered California Notice  

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          of Privacy Practices, Use and Disclosure explain that Covered  
          California may use and disclose a consumer's personal  
          information with contractors to help with enrollment and contact  
          the consumer when necessary.  Additionally, all contractors who  
          Covered California shares information with for these purposes  
          undergo a fingerprint and background check, receive specialized  
          training on keeping information confidential, and require signed  
          confidentiality agreements that requires contractors to follow  
          the safeguards applicable to Covered California, and prohibit  
          the use for any purposes outside the scope of the contract.

          According to Covered California, both the paper and online  
          application include disclosures about Covered California's  
          privacy policy, and require the consumer to agree that they are  
          aware of those privacy policies and practices.  This is required  
          under the Information Practices Act of 1977 (IPA) and the ACA.    
          On the paper application, the privacy policy is described  
          immediately above the "rights and responsibilities" section of  
          the application, and is referenced in the declaration and  
          signature which are submitted under penalty of perjury.   
          Specifically, the paper application states, "We will share your  
          information with other state, federal and local agencies,  
          contractors, health plans, and programs only to enroll you in a  
          plan or program or to administer programs, and with other state  
          and federal agencies as required by law."  For the web-based  
          application, in order to initially set up an online application  
          a user must actively consent by clicking a box to agree to the  
          Terms of Conditions.  The Terms and Conditions direct users to  
          information on the privacy policy that applies to personal  
          information collected on the site.  It discloses that Covered  
          California maintains administrative, physical, technical,  
          electronic and procedural safeguards to protect the  
          confidentiality and security of the personal information.  It  
          allows links to additional information about how data is  
          collected online and used, and how to request restrictions on  
          the use and disclosure of information, among other information.

           Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT) paper  .  A March 28,  
          2012 paper "Privacy and Security Protections for Personal  
          Information in California's Health Benefit Exchange," written by  
          Kate Black at the CDT calls on state policymakers to develop a  
          comprehensive framework of privacy and security policies to  
          build and maintain public trust in Covered California.  The  
          paper reviews California and federal data privacy laws,  

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          including the IPA, HIPAA and others and indicates that Health  
          and Human Services explanatory rule states that HIPAA is "not  
          broad enough to adequately protect the various types of  
          personally identifying information that will be created,  
          collected, used or disclosed by Exchanges and individuals or  
          entities who have access to information created, collected, and  
          used by Exchanges."  The paper also indicates that the IPA sets  
          potentially stricter standards for sharing of information  
          between or among agencies versus sharing information within a  
          single agency.  A December 17, 2013 article written by  
          Christopher Rasmussen and published on CDT.org asserts that  
          Covered California incorrectly sees itself as a HIPAA-covered  
          entity and suggests that Covered California's privacy policy  
          goes beyond the ACA's privacy protections.

           Prior Legislation
           
          SB 900 (Alquist, Chapter 659, Statutes of 2010) pursuant to ACA  
          established Covered California within state government.

          AB 1602 (Perez, Chapter 655, Statutes of 2010) enacted the  
          California Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act which,  
          contingent on SB 900, created Covered California.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

           One-time costs of about $350,000 to modify information  
            technology systems by Covered California to allow applicants  
            to indicate whether they would like assistance (federal funds  
            or special fund).

           Potential minor costs to revise paper applications for health  
            care coverage by the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS)  
            (General Fund and federal funds).  The state uses a single  
            paper application for the Medi-Cal program and coverage  
            through Covered California.  In order to comply with the  
            requirements of this bill, the DHCS would likely need to  
            update the paper application to opt out of future contacts.   
            The costs to do so are not expected to be significant since  
            the DHCS regularly revises those forms.


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           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/23/14)

          California Association of Health Underwriters
          California Chiropractic Association
          Independent Insurance Agents and Brokers of California
          Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom
          National Association of Insurance and Financial Advisors of  
          California

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The California Association of Health  
          Underwriters, the National Association of Insurance and  
          Financial Advisors of California and the Independent Insurance  
          Agents and Brokers of California support this bill stating it is  
          as a simple, tailored approach that permits individuals needing  
          assistance in the Covered California enrollment process to  
          affirmatively indicate they need additional help with their  
          applications.


          JL:k  5/23/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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