BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                 Carol Liu, Chair
                             2013-2014 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       SB 1055
          AUTHOR:        Liu
          AMENDED:       April 1, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 30, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

          SUBJECT  :  School-Based Health and Education Partnership  
          Program.
          
           SUMMARY
           
          This bill modifies and renames an existing school health  
          center grant program to add a population health grant, alter  
          existing sustainability grant amounts, add services for which  
          the grants may be used, and updates terminology.

           BACKGROUND
           
          Current law:

           School health centers
           
             1)   Requires the Department of Public Health to establish  
               the Public School Health Center Support Program, in  
               cooperation with the California Department of Education,  
               to perform specified functions relating to the  
               establishment, retention, or expansion of school health  
               centers in California. (Health & Safety Code � 124174.2)

             2)   Defines "school health center" as a center or program,  
               located at or near a school, that provides  
               age-appropriate health care services at the program site  
               or through referrals.  Current law authorizes a school  
               health center to conduct routine physical, mental health,  
               and oral health assessments, and provide referrals for  
               any services not offered onsite.  (HSC � 124174)

             3)   Establishes a grant program administered by the  
               Department of Public Health to provide technical  
               assistance and funding to school health centers, to the  
               extent funds are appropriated for this purpose.







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 2


                  a)        Planning grants in amounts between  
                    $25,000-$50,000.

                  b)        Facilities and startup grants in amounts  
                    between $20,000-$250,000

                  c)        Sustainability grants in amounts between  
                    $25,000-$125,000.  
                         (HSC � 124174.6)

             1)   Requires school health centers that receive a grant to  
               meet or have a plan to meet the following requirements:

                  a)        Strive to provide a comprehensive set of  
                    services including medical, oral health, mental  
                    health, health education, and related services in  
                    response to community needs.

                  b)        Provide primary and other health care  
                    services, provided or supervised by a licensed  
                    professional, which may include physical exams,  
                    diagnosis and treatment of minor injuries and  
                    medical conditions, management of chronic medical  
                    conditions, referrals and follow-up for specialty  
                    care, reproductive health services, mental health  
                    services as specified, and oral health services.

                  c)        Work in partnership with the school nurse,  
                    as specified.

                  d)        Have a written contract or memorandum of  
                    understanding between the school district and the  
                    health care provider or other community provider.

                  e)        Serve all students regardless of ability to  
                    pay.

                  f)        Be open during all normal school hours, as  
                    specified.

                  g)        Establish protocols for referring students  
                    to outside services when the school health center is  
                    closed.

                  h)        Facilitate transportation, as specified.   







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 3

                    (HSC � 124174.6)

           Authority to assess and provide services
           
          Current law authorizes credentialed school nurses to perform  
          specified duties, including assess and evaluate health and  
          development, refer students and parents to appropriate  
          community resources, and counsel students and parents. (EC �  
          49426)

          Pupil Personnel Services credentials authorize individuals to  
          provide school services in grades 12 and below, including  
          preschool, as counselors, school psychologists, school social  
          workers, or school child welfare and attendance regulators,  
          according to the specific specialization area and service  
          authorization listed on the credential.

          Current law requires a psychologist employed by a school  
          district to hold specified credentials, and prohibits an  
          employee of a school district from administering psychological  
          tests or engage in psychological activities unless specified  
          criteria is met.  (EC � 49422 and � 49424)

           Seeking medical services
           
          Current law:

          1)   Requires school districts to annually notify students in  
               grades 7-12, and parents of all students enrolled in the  
               school district, that schools may excuse students for the  
               purpose of obtaining confidential medical services  
               without the consent of the student's parent. (Education  
               Code � 46010.1)

          2)   Authorizes minors to seek confidential medical services,  
               without the consent of a parent, as follows:

               a)        A minor who is 12 years of age or older to  
                    consent to mental health treatment or counseling on  
                    an outpatient basis, or to residential shelter  
                    services, if certain conditions are met.  Current  
                    law requires the mental health treatment or  
                    counseling of a minor to include involvement of the  
                    minor's parent or guardian unless, in the opinion of  
                    the professional person who is treating or  
                    counseling the minor, the involvement would be  







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 4

                    inappropriate.  (Family Code � 6924)

               b)        A minor who is 12 years of age or older to  
                    consent to medical care and counseling relating to  
                    the diagnosis and treatment of a drug- or  
                    alcohol-related problem.  (Family Code � 6929)

               c)        A minor to consent to medical care related to  
                    the prevention or treatment of pregnancy, but may  
                    not be sterilized or receive an abortion without the  
                    consent of a parent, other than in a medical  
                    emergency or pursuant to court order.  (Family Code  
                    � 6925)

               d)        A minor who is 12 years of age or older and who  
                    may have come into contact with an infectious,  
                    contagious, or communicable disease, if the disease  
                    or condition is one that is required to be reported  
                    to the local health officer, or is a related  
                    sexually transmitted disease.  (Family Code � 6926)

               e)        A minor who is 12 years of age or older and who  
                    is alleged to have been raped to consent to medical  
                    care related to the diagnosis or treatment of the  
                    condition and the collection of medical evidence  
                    with regard to the alleged rape.  (Family Code �  
                    6927)

               f)        A minor who is alleged to have been sexually  
                    assaulted to consent to medical care related to the  
                    diagnosis and treatment of the condition, and the  
                    collection of medical evidence with regard to the  
                    alleged sexual assault.  Current law requires the  
                    professional person providing medical treatment to  
                    attempt to contact the minor's parent or guardian.   
                    (Family Code � 6928)

               g)        A minor to consent to the minor's medical care  
                    or dental care if the minor is 15 years of age or  
                    older,  is living separate and apart from the  
                    minor's parents with or without the consent of the  
                    parent, and is managing the minor's own financial  
                    affairs, regardless of the source of income.   
                    (Family Code � 6922)

           ANALYSIS







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 5

           
           This bill  modifies and renames an existing school health  
          center grant program to add a population health grant, alter  
          existing sustainability grant amounts, add services for which  
          the grants may be used, and updates terminology.   
          Specifically, this bill:

          1)   Renames the Public School Health Center Support Program  
               to the School-Based Health and Education Partnership  
               Program.

          2)   Adds the following to the elements that school health  
               center grantees must include or provide:

                    a)             Strive to address the population  
                    health of the entire school campus by focusing on  
                    prevention services such as group and classroom  
                    education, schoolwide prevention programs, and  
                    community outreach strategies. 

                    b)             Strive to provide integrated and  
                    individualized support for students and families,  
                    and to act as a partner with the student or family  
                    to ensure that health, social, or behavioral  
                    challenges are addressed.

                    c)             Alcohol and substance abuse services.

          3)   Establishes population health grants in amounts $50,000  
               to $125,000 for a funding period of up to three years to  
               fund interventions to target specific health or education  
               risk factors that affect a larger segment of the  
               population including, but not limited to:

               a)        Obesity prevention programs.

               b)        Asthma prevention programs.

               c)        Early intervention for mental health.

               d)        Alcohol and substance abuse prevention. 

          4)   Limits sustainability grants from a three-year period to  
               a one-time basis, and modifies the grant amounts as  
               follows:








                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 6

               a)        Increases the minimum grant amount from $25,000  
               to $50,000.

               b)        Decreases the maximum grant amount from  
               $125,000 to $100,000.

          5)   Modifies the purpose of sustainability grants from  
               operating a school health center, or enhancing  
               programming at a fully operational school health center,  
               including oral health or mental health services, to:

                    a)             Developing new and leveraging  
                    existing funding streams to support a sustainable  
                    funding model for school health centers . 

                    b)             Examples of existing funding streams  
                    include school district funds available under the  
                    Local Control Funding Formula, federal Affordable  
                    Care Act, or Mental Health Services Act. 

          6)   Strikes reference to the obsolete Healthy Families  
               Program and Managed Risk Medical Insurance Board, adds  
               references to Covered California, and modifies the name  
               of the grant program.

          7)   Adds the following to uncodified legislative findings and  
               declarations:

                    a)             School health centers are important  
                    sites through which to increase child and adolescent  
                    access to health care services and early  
                    identification of chronic diseases, such as asthma  
                    and obesity, and high-risk health behaviors.

                    b)             School-based health centers serve as  
                    an effective foundation upon which schools and  
                    communities can build and implement a community  
                    schools strategy providing a range of wrap-around  
                    services to students and their families.

           STAFF COMMENTS
           
           1)   Existing school health centers  .  Schools currently have  
               the discretion to provide health services to students, or  
               refer students to county and community organizations.   
               There are currently 226 school-based health centers (45%  







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 7

               are in high schools, 30% are in elementary schools, 10%  
               are in middle schools, and 15% are "school-linked" or  
               mobile medical vans) in the State serving approximately  
               228,000 students and providing a range of services  
               including comprehensive health assessments, treatment for  
               acute illness, asthma treatment, oral health education,  
               dental screenings, mental health assessments, crisis  
               intervention, brief and long-term therapy, and other  
               services.  Services are provided on-site by qualified  
               professionals and those that require expertise or  
               specialization beyond the school health center's capacity  
               may be referred to county agencies and community  
               organizations.

          School health centers are administered by a variety of  
               organizations, including school districts, Federally  
               Qualified Health Centers, county health departments,  
               hospitals, community-based agencies, and private  
               physician groups.  School health centers are financed  
               through various sources, including grants, reimbursements  
               from public programs such as the Child Health and  
               Disability Prevention Program and Medi-Cal, partnerships  
               with local community clinics and nonprofit, and  
               fundraising efforts by school districts.

          This bill modifies an existing grant program to assist school  
               districts to establish and maintain school health  
               centers.  This bill does not provide funding for the  
               school health center grant program.  

           2)   Will kids be provided services without parental consent  ?   
               Current law prohibits a student from being tested by a  
               school for a behavioral, mental, or emotional evaluation  
               without the informed written consent of the parent,  
               prohibits a minor from being sterilized or receiving an  
               abortion without parental consent (other than in a  
               medical emergency or pursuant to court order), and places  
               other restrictions on minors receiving medical care  
               without parental consent (see Background).

          Generally speaking, parental consent is required for a minor's  
               medical treatment. (American Academy of Pediatrics v.  
               Lungren (1997)) There are, however, exceptions such as  
               when the public interest in preserving the health of a  
               minor takes precedence over the parent's interest in  
               custody and control of the minor. (Wisconsin v. Yoder  







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 8

               (1972))  In addition, a number of "medical emancipation"  
               statutes allow minors to consent to medical treatment  
               without parental knowledge, approval or consent (see  
               Background).

           3)   School health center grants  .  The Public School Health  
               Center Support Program has existed in statute for eight  
               years but has never been funded, and therefore never  
               implemented.  This bill makes the following substantial  
               changes to this grant program:

               a)        Establishes population health grants, in  
                    amounts between $50,000-$125,000 for up to a  
                    three-year period, to fund interventions to target  
                    specific health or education risk factors that  
                    affect a larger segment of the population including,  
                    but not limited to obesity prevention programs,  
                    asthma prevention programs, early intervention for  
                    mental health, alcohol and substance abuse  
                    prevention.  

               b)        Limits sustainability grants from a three-year  
                    period to a one-time basis, increases the minimum  
                    grant amount from $25,000 to $50,000, and decreases  
                    the maximum grant amount from $125,000 to $100,000.   


               c)        Adds the following to the elements that school  
                    health center grantees must include or provide:

                    i)             Strive to address the population  
                         health of the entire school campus by focusing  
                         on prevention services such as group and  
                         classroom education, schoolwide prevention  
                         programs, and community outreach strategies. 
                    ii)            Strive to provide integrated and  
                         individualized support for students and  
                         families, and to act as a partner with the  
                         student or family to ensure that health,  
                         social, or behavioral challenges are addressed.
                    iii)           Alcohol and substance abuse services.

                    This bill does not modify the existing condition  
                    that the grant program be implemented only to the  
                    extent that funds are appropriated to the Department  
                    of Public Health for that purpose.







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 9


           4)   Author's amendments  .  The author wishes to amend this  
               bill as follows:

               a)        Change references from school districts to  
                    local educational agencies to ensure the inclusion  
                    of charter schools and to be consistent throughout  
                    the bill.  (Page 4, lines 21, 29, 32, and 34; page  
                    5, lines 7 and 16; page 6, lines 9, 10, 11, and 39;  
                    page 9, line 25)

               b)        Add the referral to evidence-based mental  
                    health treatment services to the list of mental  
                    health services that may be provided or supervised.   
                    (Page 4, lines 1-6)

           5)   Fiscal impact  .  This bill creates a new population health  
               grant; the grant program remains contingent upon an  
               appropriation.

           6)   Related legislation  . AB 2555 (Bocanegra) requires the  
               Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI), in  
               collaboration with the Department of Social Services and  
               a number of entities, to develop a five-year plan for  
               expanding cradle-to-career initiatives, as specified,  
               throughout the State. AB 2555 is scheduled to be heard by  
               the Assembly Education Committee on April 30.

          AB 1955 (Pan) requires the SPI to establish the Healthy Kids,  
               Healthy Minds Demonstration which will provide grants to  
               local educational agencies for the purpose of employing  
               one full-time school nurse and one full-time mental  
               health professional, and ensuring that the schools'  
               libraries are open one hour before and three hours after  
               the regular school day.  AB 1955 is scheduled to be heard  
               by the Assembly Health Committee on April 29.  

          SB 596 (Yee) requires the California Department of Education  
               to establish a three-year pilot program to encourage  
               inclusive practices that integrate mental health, special  
               education, and school climate interventions following a  
               multi-tiered framework.  SB 596 is pending referral in  
               the Assembly.

           7)   Prior legislation.   AB 174 (Bonta, 2013) would have  
               required the Department of Public Health to establish a  







                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 10

               pilot program in Alameda County, to the extent that  
               funding is made available, to provide grants to eligible  
               applicants for activities and services that directly  
               address the mental health and related needs of students  
               impacted by trauma.  AB 174 was vetoed by the Governor,  
               whose veto message read:

                    "I support the efforts of the bill but am returning  
                    it without my signature, as Alameda County can  
                    establish such a program without state intervention  
                    and may even be able to use Mental Health Services  
                    Act funding to do so.

                    Waiting for the state to act may cause unnecessary  
                    delays in delivering valuable mental health services  
                    to students. All counties - not just Alameda- should  
                    explore all potential funding options, including  
                    Mental Health Services Act funds, to tailor programs  
                    that best meet local needs."

               AB 1178 (Bocanegra, 2013) would have established the  
               California Promise Neighborhood Initiative to provide  
               funding to schools that have formalized partnerships with  
               local agencies and community organizations to provide a  
               network of services to improve the health, safety,  
               education, and economic development of a defined area.   
               AB 1178 was held in the Assembly Appropriations  
               Committee.

               AB 1367 (Mansoor, 2013) would have among other things,  
               expanded existing outreach about recognition of early  
               signs of potentially severe and disabling mental illness  
               to include school districts and county offices of  
               education and charter schools, including funding to  
               provide training to identify students with mental health  
               issues that may result in a threat to themselves or  
               others in order to provide for timely intervention.  AB  
               1367 was never heard.

               AB 2105 (Scott, 2000) would have required the California  
               Department of Education to establish a two-year pilot  
               project in three school districts to improve the delivery  
               of education services to children who need mental health  
               services.  AB 2105 was held in the Assembly  
               Appropriations Committee.








                                                                  SB 1055
                                                                   Page 11

           SUPPORT
           
          American Association of University Women-California
          American Nurses Association
          California Partnership to End Domestic Violence
          California Primary Care Association
          Children Now
          Children's Defense Fund-California
          James Morehouse Project
          Northeast Community Clinic
          Partnership for Children & Youth
          Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California
          Sacramento City Unified School District, Student Support and  
          Health Services Department
          San Diego Unified School District
          St. John's Well Child & Family Center
          The Children's Partnership
          To Help Everyone health and Wellness Centers
          Umma Community Clinic
                                                                       Valley Community Clinic
          Watts Healthcare Corporation

           OPPOSITION

           California Right to Life Committee