BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 1063
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          Date of Hearing:   June 24, 2014

                  ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS AND REDISTRICTING
                                  Paul Fong, Chair
                     SB 1063 (Block) - As Amended:  June 12, 2014

           SENATE VOTE  :   21-12
           
          SUBJECT  :   Voter registration: juvenile detention facilities.

           SUMMARY  :   Requires state and local juvenile detention  
          facilities, as specified, to identify individuals housed in  
          those facilities who are of age to register to vote and not  
          currently serving a sentence for a conviction of a felony, and  
          to provide and assist in completing affidavits of registration  
          and returning the completed voter registration cards, as  
          specified. Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Requires a state or local juvenile detention facility,  
            including, but not limited to, a juvenile hall, juvenile  
            ranch, juvenile camp, or a facility of the California  
            Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR), Division  
            of Juvenile Justice (DJJ) to do all of the following:

             a)   Identify each individual housed in the facility that is  
               of age to register to vote and not currently serving a  
               sentence for a conviction of a felony.

             b)   Provide an affidavit of registration to each individual  
               housed in the facility who is of age to register to vote  
               and not currently serving a sentence for a conviction of a  
               felony by doing either of the following:

               i)     Providing the individual a paper affidavit of  
                 registration; or, 

               ii)    Directing the individual to an affidavit of  
                 registration provided on the Internet Web site of the  
                 Secretary of State (SOS).

             c)   Assist each individual in the facility that is of age to  
               register to vote and not currently serving a sentence for a  
               conviction of a felony with the completion of an affidavit  
               of registration, unless the individual declines assistance.









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          2)Requires a facility providing paper affidavits of registration  
            to do either of the following:

             a)   Assist the individual who completed the voter  
               registration card in returning the completed card to the  
               county elections official; or 

             b)   Accept any completed voter registration card and  
               transmit the card to the county elections official.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Specifies that in order to be eligible to vote, an individual  
            must be a United States citizen, a resident of California, not  
            in prison or on parole for the conviction of a felony, not  
            deemed mentally incompetent, and at least 18 years of age at  
            the time of the next election.

          2)Requires the election board of each county, in order to  
            promote and encourage voter registration, to establish a  
            sufficient number of registration places throughout the  
            county, and outside the county courthouse, for the convenience  
            of a person desiring to register to vote.

          3)Requires the SOS to adopt regulations requiring each county to  
            design and implement programs to identify qualified  
            individuals who are not registered voters and to register  
            those individuals to vote.

          4)Requires each county probation department to establish a  
            hyperlink on its Internet Web site to the SOS voting rights  
            guide for incarcerated persons, or to post a notice that  
            contains the SOS Internet Web site address where the voting  
            rights guide can be found.

          5)Requires the facility administrator of a local detention  
            facility to develop written policies and procedures whereby  
            the county registrar of voters allows qualified voters to vote  
            in local, state, and federal elections. 

          6)Requires the county elections official to cancel the voter  
            registration of a person upon proof that the person is  
            presently imprisoned or on parole for conviction of a felony.
                      
          7)Requires the clerk of the superior court of each county to  








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            notify the county elections official twice a year of those  
            persons that have been convicted of a felony since the clerk's  
            last report.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, unknown, potentially significant reimbursable mandate  
          costs to local detention facilities (General Fund) and minor  
          costs to the CDCR. (General Fund)

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Purpose of the Bill  :  According to the author:

               SB 1063 will direct juvenile detention centers to identify  
               incarcerated youth who are of age to register to vote,  
               provide them with an electronic or paper affidavit of  
               registration, assist with the completion of registration  
               cards, and accept and transmit, or assist the individual in  
               the transmission of, completed voter registration cards to  
               local elections officials.  

               Juvenile detention and correction facilities in California  
               housed 11,532 individuals under the age of 21 in 2010. The  
               United States locks up more juveniles than any other  
               industrialized country and California ranks among the top  
               twelve states for rates of juvenile incarceration.

               Additionally, California has a voter turn-out problem that  
               ranks it 48th among the states in voting participation.  
               Currently, nearly one quarter of California's eligible  
               voters are not registered.

               The use of governmental agencies to register citizens to  
               vote is not unprecedented. Section 7 of the National Voter  
               Registration Act (NVRA) requires public assistance  
               agencies, particularly those that serve low-income or  
               disabled populations, to provide voter registration  
               materials. NVRA voter registration agencies include county  
               welfare department offices, which accept applications and  
               administer benefits for CalFresh, CalWorks, Medi-Cal, and  
               other state programs. Yet none of these agencies have the  
               ability to specifically target youth. 

               SB 1063 encourages civic participation amongst a  
               hard-to-reach population while simultaneously addressing  








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               low youth voter turnout. Additionally, productive  
               participation in society, such as voting, reduces  
               recidivism.

           2)Facilitating Voter Registration  :  According to statistics from  
            the SOS's website and the UC Davis Center for Regional Change,  
            currently there are over six million eligible voters in the  
            state that remain unregistered to vote.  Slightly less than  
            half of the state's eligible voters between the age of 18 and  
            24 are registered to vote.  Consequently, efforts to encourage  
            and improve voter registration have been a focus of  
            legislative proposals over past legislative sessions.  

            This bill focuses on a specific sector of the  
            electorate-currently incarcerated youth-and requires a state  
            and local juvenile detention facility to identify individuals  
            housed in their facilities who are of age to register to vote  
            and not currently serving a sentence for a conviction of a  
            felony, to provide and assist in completing an affidavit of  
            registration, and to return or transmit the completed  
            registration cards to the county elections official, as  
            specified.

            On the local level, existing law requires the facility  
            administrator of each local detention facility to adopt  
            written policies and procedures whereby the county registrar  
            of voters allows those qualified voters in the detention  
            facility to vote.   Despite the fact that these procedures are  
            adopted at each facility and therefore may not result in  
            uniformity across the state, they are currently in place and  
            provide inmates at the detention facility with information  
            regarding their voting rights.  Additionally, last year the  
            Legislature passed and the Governor signed AB 149 (Weber),  
            Chapter 580, Statutes of 2013, which requires a county  
            probation department to either establish a hyperlink on its  
            Internet Web site to the SOS's voting rights guide for  
            incarcerated persons, or to post a notice that contains the  
            SOS Internet Web site address where the voting rights guide  
            can be found 

            Additionally, on the state level, the CDCR DJJ has a policy in  
            place pertaining to voting which requires the DJJ to advise  
            eligible wards that are 18 years of age and over of their  
            right to register and vote, provide voter registration forms  
            obtained from the county clerks, assist the ward in completing  








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            the voter registration form, and ensure that eligible voters  
            are provided with the ballot, as specified.  

            Given that the CDCR DJJ already has processes in place that  
            are very similar to the requirements in this bill, the  
            provisions of this bill may be duplicative or unnecessary.   
            However, on the local level, this bill may take the processes  
            they have in place a step further and require local facilities  
            to not only provide eligible voters information on their  
            voting rights, but to also provide an affidavit of  
            registration, as specified, assist in completing the affidavit  
            of registration, and returning or transmitting completed  
            affidavits of registration to the county elections officials,  
            as specified.  

           3)States and Felon Disenfranchisement  :  According to the  
            Sentencing Project's 2012 report entitled "State-Level  
            Estimates of Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States,  
            2010," 48 states prohibit inmates from voting while  
            incarcerated for felony offense.  Only Maine and Vermont  
            permit inmates who are incarcerated for a felony offense to  
            vote.  California is one of 35 states that prohibits felons  
            from voting while they are on parole, and is one of 18 states  
            that allows people on probation for a felony to vote.   
            Individuals imprisoned in the county jail for misdemeanor  
            offenses are eligible to vote in California.  Furthermore,  
            once an individual completes his or her term of imprisonment  
            and any period of parole for a felony conviction, that person  
            is allowed to register to vote again in California.

          According to the author, this bill encourages civic  
            participation amongst a hard-to-reach population while  
            simultaneously addressing low youth voter turnout. Juvenile  
            detention and correction facilities in California housed  
            11,532 individuals under the age of 21 in 2010.  Current law  
            provides that if an individual is incarcerated for a  
            misdemeanor offense he or she is eligible to vote in  
            California.  This bill will ensure incarcerated youths that  
            are eligible to register and vote not only receive information  
            on their voting rights, but are also provided with assistance  
            in completing an affidavit of registration and transmitting it  
            to the appropriate elections official.  Codifying these  
            practices will help increase voter registration and turnout  
            amongst a hard to reach population of eligible youth voters.  









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           4)Arguments in Support  :  The American Civil Liberties Union of  
            California writes in support:

               As of 2012, California's voter registration rate ranked  
               forty fifth in the nation.  Presently, 6.4 million eligible  
               voters in the state remain unregistered to vote, including  
               barely half of eligible voters between the age of 18 and  
               24.  Among the millions of unregistered voters in  
               California are people who often mistakenly believe they are  
               ineligible to voter due to a criminal charge or conviction.  
                SB 1063 will help facilitate the dissemination of  
               information to people who may have questions about their  
               eligibility to vote. 

               Additionally, voting is often correlated to successful  
               re-entry and the reduced likelihood of re-offense.  Voting  
               creates a greater sense of citizenship, participation, and  
               ultimately a vested interest in achieving the overall goals  
               of the community?

               If returning offenders see themselves as productive members  
               of society, and are able to have input on policies  
               affecting the entire community, this will have a noticeable  
               impact on recidivism.  Hence, juvenile detention facilities  
               should identify potentially eligible voters housed in their  
               facilities and give them the opportunity to register to  
               vote.

           5)Previous Legislation  : AB 149 (Weber), Chapter 580, Statutes of  
            2013, required each county probation department to provide  
            voting rights information for incarcerated persons.   
            Specifically, AB 149 required each county department to either  
            establish a hyperlink on its Internet Web site to the SOS's  
            voting rights guide for incarcerated persons, or to post a  
            notice that contains the SOS Internet Web site address where  
            the voting rights guide can be found.  

          AB 821 (Ridley-Thomas) of 2005, would have required county  
            elections officials to provide affidavits of registration and  
            copies of the "Guide to Inmate Voting" to state and local  
            detention facilities so that those detention facilities could  
            notify specified individuals of their right to vote.  AB 821  
            failed passage in the Senate Elections & Constitutional  
            Amendments Committee. 









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           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          American Civil Liberties Union of California
          A New PATH
          Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay  
          Area
          Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
          National Association of Social Workers, California Chapter
          Southwest Voter Registration Education Project
           
            Opposition 
           
          Department of Finance

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Nichole Becker / E. & R. / (916)  
          319-2094