BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                  Carol Liu, Chair
                              2013-14 Regular Session
                                          

          BILL NO:       SB 1067
          AUTHOR:        Beall
          AMENDED:       April 22, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 30, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lenin Del Castillo

           SUBJECT  :  School sites:  selection.
          
           SUMMARY   

          This bill would require that all new school sites acquired by  
          the governing board of a school district or charter school have  
          at least two points of entry and exit onto the school site and  
          also require all school districts and charter schools,  
          regardless of whether they are seeking school facilities  
          financing through the State Allocation Board, to go through the  
          State Department of Education's school site selection process. 

           BACKGROUND  

          Upon request of a school district, the State Department of  
          Education (SDE) is required to advise the school district on  
          the acquisition of new school sites and, after a review of  
          available plots, give the school district, in writing, a list  
          of the recommended locations in the order of their merit,  
          considering matters of educational merit, safety, reduction of  
          traffic hazards, and conformity to the land use element in the  
          general plan of the city, county, or city and county having  
          jurisdiction.  Current law requires SDE to develop standards  
          for use by a school district in the selection of school sites  
          and establish standards to ensure that the design and  
          construction of school facilities are educationally appropriate  
          and promote school safety.  The SDE is also required to provide  
          information relating to the impact or potential impact upon any  
          school site of hazardous substances, solid waste, safety,  
          hazardous air emissions, and other information as it may deem  
          appropriate.  (EC � 17251)

           ANALYSIS  

          This bill:







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             1)   Requires all new school sites acquired by the governing  
               board of a school district or charter school to have at  
               least two points of entry and exit onto the school site.  

             2)   Requires the SDE to advise all school districts and  
               charter schools, regardless of whether they are seeking  
               school facilities financing through the State Allocation  
               Board, on the acquisition of new school sites, as  
               specified.  Under current law, SDE only performs a school  
               site acquisition review for a school district upon  
               request.

             3)   Requires the State Department of Education (SDE), as  
               part of the school site acquisition review process, to  
               consider proximity to residential areas, access for pupils  
               walking and bicycling to the school site, efficient use of  
               public resources through joint use of existing and new  
               facilities, and conformity to mobility elements when  
               making a list of the recommended locations in the order of  
               their merit.

             4)   Requires the SDE to review and update the standards  
               developed for use by a school district or charter school  
               in the selection of school sites at least every 10 years.

             5)   Requires the SDE to establish standards for use by  
               school districts and charter schools to ensure that the  
               design and construction of school facilities promote  
               walking or bicycling access to the school site to reduce  
               traffic risks to pupils and joint use of public  
               facilities.

             6)   Requires the SDE, upon request of a charter school, to  
               review plans and specifications for school buildings of  
               the charter school, and allows the SDE to charge a  
               reasonable fee not to exceed the actual administrative  
               costs incurred for that purpose.

             7)   Requires the SDE, upon request of a charter school, to  
               make a survey of the building needs of the charter school,  
               advise the charter school concerning the building needs,  
               and suggest plans for financing a building program to meet  
               the needs and allows the SDE to charge a reasonable fee  








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               not to exceed the actual administrative costs incurred for  
               that purpose.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author's office, the  
               SDE has an important role in the initial school site and  
               evaluation process that California public school can  
               choose to participate in.  The SDE is able to assist  
               school districts and their communities in creating K-12  
               learning environments that are safe, clean, and  
               up-to-date.  However, schools that choose not to receive  
               state funding are not required to go through this process.  
                The author's office indicates there should not be any  
               lingering concerns of the safety of a new school site and  
               that the health and safety of students should be a top  
               priority, therefore the SDE's school site evaluation  
               process should be applied to all public schools.  

           2)   State School Facilities Program  . Current law prohibits the  
               State Allocation Board from apportioning funds for new  
               construction under the State School Facilities Program to  
               any school district unless the district has obtained  
               written approval from the SDE that the site selection and  
               building plans and specifications comply with site  
               selection and design and construction standards for school  
               facilities.  Current law is permissive in that the SDE is  
               only required to advise the school district and perform a  
               new school site review upon request of the school  
               district.  Education Code � 17251 and Title 5 of the  
               California Code of Regulations outline the duties of SDE  
               regarding school site review and approval for which school  
               districts seeking state funds must also comply.  Safety is  
               the first consideration in the selection of school sites  
               and as part of the State Department of Education's (SDE)  
               review, many factors are considered including proximity to  
               airports and high-voltage power lines, presence of toxic  
               and hazardous substances and air emissions, condition of  
               traffic and school safety, safe routes to school,  
               condition of school bus safety, and many other safety  
               factors.  These factors overlap with most, if not all, of  
               the additional criteria that the bill is seeking to add,  
               such as proximity to residential areas and access for  
               pupils walking and bicycling to the school site.   








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               Regardless, one could argue that adding this criteria to  
               the Title 5 regulations and incorporating it into SDE's  
               site selection process can already be handled through the  
               State Allocation Board's Implementation Committee process.  
                  

           3)   School site acquisition review  .  This bill would require  
               the SDE to advise all school districts and charter schools  
               on the acquisition of school sites, regardless of whether  
               they are seeking state financing.  Currently, charter  
               schools and school districts that construct facilities  
               that are 100 percent locally funded are exempt from this  
               requirement.  However, these school districts and charter  
               schools have the discretion to request the SDE's review of  
               their school sites and are encouraged to do so for the  
               benefits that an objective and prescriptive review would  
               provide.  Opponents of the bill have indicated the  
               existing approach under current law works well because it  
               allows for local discretion for locally funded projects on  
               whether to utilize this process.  Further, by requiring  
               the SDE to review all new school sites for both school  
               districts and charter schools, regardless of fund source,  
               the bill would expand the universe of projects that would  
               require a review.  It is unclear what impact this would  
               have on the SDE's workload and whether it could possibly  
               lead to delays in site reviews or an increase in the fees  
               levied on school districts and charter schools.  For  
               charter schools, imposing this requirement could be  
               contrary to the autonomy and discretion they are afforded  
               under current law to encourage innovation.  For these  
               reasons, staff recommends an amendment to provide that the  
               SDE's requirement to advise school districts and charter  
               schools on the acquisition of new school sites is  
               permissive and shall be made upon the request of a school  
               district or charter school.  This amendment in Section 1,  
               line 11 on page 3 would read as follows:  


                     "Upon the request of the governing board of a school  
                    district or the governing board of a charter school,  
                    advise on the acquisition?"   


          4)   Charter schools  .  Under existing law, the Charter Schools  








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               Act of 1992 provides for the establishment of charter  
               schools in California for the purpose, among other things,  
               to improve student learning and expand learning  
               experiences for pupils who are identified as academically  
               low achieving.  A charter school may be authorized by a  
               school district, a county board of education, or the State  
               Board of Education, as specified.  Some charter schools  
               are new while others are conversions from existing  
               schools.  A charter school is typically created or  
               organized by a group of teachers, parents and community  
               leaders, community-based organizations, or an education  
               management organization.  Current law also specifies that  
               a charter school shall comply with charter school laws but  
               is otherwise exempt from the laws governing school  
               districts, except for all of the following:  


                a)        Teacher participation in the state teacher's  
                    retirement plan.  


                b)        Access to loans from the Charter School  
                    Revolving Loan Fund.  


                c)        All laws establishing minimum age for public  
                    school attendance.  


                d)        The California Building Standards Code.  (EC �  
                    47601 et seq.)   


          5)   Charter petitions  .  Parents, teachers, or community  
               members may initiate a charter petition, which is  
               typically presented to and approved by a local school  
               district governing board.  The law also allows, under  
               certain circumstances, for county boards of education and  
               the State Board of Education to authorize charter schools.  
                The specific goals for a charter school are detailed in  
               the agreement (charter) between the authorizing entity and  
               the charter developer.  The charter petition is also  
               required to include a description of the educational  
               program of the school and several other policies and  








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               procedures relating to employees, pupils, and finances.   
               Additionally, the charter petition must include a  
               description of the procedures that the school will follow  
               to ensure the health and safety of pupils and staff.   


          SUPPORT


           California Labor Federation
          Safe Routes to School National Partnership

           OPPOSITION
           
          Coalition for Adequate School Housing
          San Diego Unified School District