BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de León, Chair


          SB 1086 (de León) - The Safe Neighborhood Parks, Rivers, and  
          Coastal Protection Bond Act of 2014.
          
          Amended: As introduced          Policy Vote: NR&W 7-1, Gov&Fin  
          5-2
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: May 23, 2014      Consultant: Marie Liu
          
          SUSPENSE FILE. AS AMENDED.
          
          
          Bill Summary: SB 1086 would enact the "Safe Neighborhood Parks,  
          Rivers, and Coastal Protection Bond Act of 2014," which  
          authorizes the sale of an unspecified amount of bonds for parks,  
          state conservancies, coastal and ocean programs, urban forestry,  
          river parkways and urban rivers, and other resource protection  
          and restoration efforts.

          Fiscal Impact (as approved on May 23, 2014): Unknown, but  
          presumably in the millions of dollars annually from the General  
          Fund for debt service.

          Proposed Law: This bill would enact the "Safe Neighborhood  
          Parks, Rivers, and Coastal Protection Bond Act of 2014," which  
          authorizes the sale of an unspecified amount of bonds for the  
          following purposes:
           Parks
               o      Local assistance grants for park-underserved areas;
               o      Grants for local parks to local governments on a per  
                 capita basis;
               o      Grants to regional parks, including state parks  
                 whose operation and management have been taken over by  
                 local or regional agencies, and parks that are managed by  
                 a joint powers authority that includes state and local  
                 agencies; and
               o      Restoring and preserving existing state park units.

           Rivers, Lakes, and Streams
               o      Protection of the Los Angeles River parkway;
               o      River Parkway Program;
               o      Protection of water quality, fish and wildlife, and  
                 other resources;








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               o      Protection and restoration of watersheds through the  
                 Department of Conservation; and
               o      Establishment or enhancement of flood corridors  
                 through the Department of Water Resources.

           Coast and Ocean Protection
               o      State Coastal Conservancy;
               o      Ocean Protection Council; and
               o      Restoration of wetlands in the San Francisco Bay.

           Forests and Working Lands
               o      Sierra Nevada Conservancy;
               o      Protection of forests, rangelands, and wildlife  
                 protection; and 
               o      Protection of working lands through the Department  
                 of Conservation.

           Regional Conservation Priorities
               o      State Conservancies

           Youth Employment in Conservation
               o      California Conservation Corps, local conservation  
                 corps, and other organizations  that provide youth  
                 employment opportunities in conservation projects.

           Urban Forestry and Sustainable Communities
               o      Urban forestry, urban greening, and greenprint  
                 projects to support sustainable communities strategies.

          Staff Comments: 
           Bond indebtedness:  This bond includes a number of blanks,  
          including the total amount of the bond as well as distribution  
          among the different categories. Until these amounts are  
          specified, the fiscal impact of this bill is unknown. However,  
          presumably this bond, consistent with recent resource bonds,  
          will be in the low billions of dollars. Staff notes for  
          reference, that assuming an interest rate of 5% and the issuance  
          of 30-year bonds, for each billion dollars of bonds issued,  
          annual debt service would be approximately $65 million. 

           Unfunded administrative costs for the Natural Resources Agency:  
           Generally, administrative costs related to bond-funded programs  
          are for general administrative purposes, such as accounting and  
          processing grant applications. This bond requires the Natural  








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          Resources Agency (agency) to develop and adopt a statewide  
          resource protection plan to identify priorities for expending of  
          funds provided by this bond. Staff notes that this bond does not  
          specify funding for the agency for this planning activity and it  
          is unclear whether the costs of this planning could be  
          considered an administrative cost to the bond. However, if bond  
          dollars is used for this planning purpose, it will reduce the  
          amount of bond funds available for projects.

          The bill would also require that conservation plans that are  
          developed and adopted by departments and conservancies must be  
          consistent with the agency's plan. The bond itself does not  
          require conservancies or departments to develop conservation  
          plans; however, in the past, the Legislature has required the  
          conservancies to develop such plans to guide their spending of  
          bond monies. Staff notes that, as noted by the Natural Resources  
          and Water Committee, a similar provision has been deleted in a  
          proposed water bond in recognition of the regional priorities  
          that are identified by the conservancies that are currently not  
          overseen by the agency. 
           
           Do the benefits of the project last the length of the bond?   
          Existing law (§16727 of the Government Code) essentially  
          provides that general obligation bonds, such as the one in this  
          bill, are to be used for capital purposes. This provision aims  
          to ensure that the benefits of a project at least roughly match  
          the period during which the bond must be repaid. Bonds are best  
          used for large, discrete capital projects that would ordinarily  
          not be able to be supported by ongoing funding mechanisms and  
          that meet a need over several decades. Using bond funds to pay  
          for operations and maintenance or for short-lived projects in  
          essence dramatically increases the cost of that project compared  
          to using non-bond funds. 

          The useful life of resource investments are often more difficult  
          to project compared to other infrastructure projects (for  
          example, projecting the useful life of highway bridge is easier  
          than projecting the useful life of an urban forestry project).  
          While recognizing this difficulty, staff notes that there are  
          several provisions of this bill that merit consideration on  
          whether the useful life of the expenditure is an appropriate for  
          the use of bond funds, including:
           The Ocean Protection Council- The bill does not specify  
            whether the bond funds are restricted to project money or for  








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            a specific purpose. This council has received monies from  
            Proposition 84. 
            "Habitat credit exchanges" - This bill would require that  
            these exchanges, which have no existing guiding state  
            statutes, aim to create measurable improvements habitat. Staff  
            notes that there are no requirements for the improvements to  
            be lasting.
           Greenprint projects - This bill loosely defines a  
            "greenprint." This bill is unclear whether the bond monies  
            would be used to create greenprints, which have no existing  
            guiding state statutes, or projects to implement a greenprint.
           Watershed protection and restoration funds through the  
            Department of Conservation - The Department of Conservation's  
            programs for watershed and restoration from past bonds have  
            been mostly, if not exclusively, for planning and staffing,  
            both of which are non-capital costs. 

          To some extent, ensuring that spending is limited to capital  
          outlay will be done in the Legislature's appropriation of these  
          funds. However, additional specificity could be added to this  
          bill to aid this process. 
           
          Author Amendments: Specifies that the bond is to appear on the  
          November 2014 ballot and makes the bill an urgency measure.