BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  SB 1113                     HEARING:  4/24/14
          AUTHOR:  Knight                       FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  2/19/14                     TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Grinnell                 

                   PROPERTY TAX: DISABLED VETERANS' EXEMPTION
          

          Extends the deadline for County Tax Collectors to refund  
          taxes for the disabled veterans' exemption from four to  
          eight years.


                           Background and Existing Law  

          The California Constitution provides that all property is  
          taxable unless explicitly exempted by the Constitution or  
          federal law, but allows the Legislature to partially or  
          wholly exempt from property taxes the value of a disabled  
          veteran's home if the veteran has lost one or more limbs,  
          is totally blind, or is totally disabled, as a result of a  
          service-connected injury, known as the "disabled veterans'  
          exemption."  The Legislature enacted this exemption, so  
          disabled veterans and their unmarried surviving spouses can  
          reduce the taxable value of their property each year by the  
          inflation adjusted value of either $115,060 or $172,592,  
          depending on the taxpayer's income.   

          Property becomes eligible for the exemption on the  
          effective date of a 100% disability rating, or for  
          surviving spouses, the date the veteran died.   Taxpayers  
          eligible for the exemption must file a claim for the  
          exemption once with the Assessor.  Taxpayers who file  
          claims after February 15th obtain partial exemptions of  
          either 85% or 90% for the first year, then the full  
          exemption in subsequent years; however, taxpayers may  
          obtain a cancellation of taxes and a refund for a claim  
          filed after that date when the U.S. Department of Veterans  
          Affairs (USDVA) has not finished processing the veteran's  
          disability rating certification.  

          County tax collectors can refund property taxes paid when  
          the taxes were:
                 Paid more than once, 




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                 Erroneously or illegally collected, assessed, or  
               levied,
                 Overpaid due to an assessor's error, 
                 Paid on an assessment of improvements that did not  
               exist, 
                 Paid on an assessment in excess of an assessment  
               appeals board's determination, or 
                 Paid on an assessment that was later found by an  
               audit to be excessive.  

          However, refunds may only be issued when verified by the  
          taxpayer, and within either four years of the overpayment 


                                   Proposed Law  

          Senate Bill 1113 provides that County Tax Collectors can  
          refund taxes paid up to eight years ago when a taxpayer  
          subsequently becomes eligible for the disabled veterans'  
          exemption for claims filed on or after January 1, 2015.   
          The bill contains legislative findings and declarations  
          supporting its purposes.  The measure also corrects an  
          erroneous cross reference.  


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          The State Board of Equalization estimates property tax  
          revenue losses of $238,960 annually.  


                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author, "SB 1113  
          changes the statute of limitations on refunds associated  
          with disabled veterans, allowing a disabled veteran to  
          receive a refund of property taxes paid within the last  
          eight years, instead of the current four, when the federal  
          government issues the veteran a retroactive 100 percent  
          disability rating. Qualified veterans who receive a 100  
          percent disability rating from the U.S. Department of  
          Veterans Affairs are given a special property tax reduction  
          (up to $124,932 or $187,399 in 2014 and equivalent amounts  
          adjusted for inflation in future years). California law  
          specifies that a home becomes eligible for the exemption as  
          of the effective date of the veteran's 100 percent  





          SB 1113 (Knight) - 2/19/14 -- Page 3



          disability rating. Veterans are entitled to claim a refund  
          for taxes overpaid for up to four years of back taxes paid,  
          but some veterans encounter bureaucratic delays long than  
          four years and therefore lose the ability to claim the full  
          exemption. SB 1113 seeks to balance Veterans' need to  
          receive added relief, with government's need for certainty  
          and closure, by extending the statute of limitations to 8  
          years, which is the amount of time that back taxes may be  
          collected from taxpayers for escape assessments related to  
          unrecorded changes in ownership."

          2.   Why is more time needed  ?  Generally, a four-year  
          statute of limitations applies for California taxes,  
          allowing taxpayers to file claims for refund for previous  
          taxes, or for tax enforcement agencies to perform and audit  
          and assess any additional taxes, penalties, or interest.   
          SB 1113 departs from the general rule for taxpayers  
          eligible for the disabled veteran's exemption from property  
          tax, but with good reason.  BOE points out in its analysis:

               The existing statute of limitations on refunds can  
               undercut the provision of law allowing the disabled  
               veteran to receive their exemption as of their  
               disability effective date. This tends to occur when  
               (1) a veteran successfully appeals or litigates their  
               rating; (2) the USDVA issues a new rating to correct  
               an initial rating error; or (3) the USDVA experiences  
               processing backlogs or lost paperwork.  On occasion,  
               veterans or their advocates contact the BOE with  
               backdated disability effective dates of more than 20  
               years, seeking help to obtain refunds beyond the  
               allowable four years. These disabled veterans are  
               disheartened that, after years of struggling with the  
               federal government to obtain a 100% disability rating,  
               California law limits available property tax relief.  
               These disabled veterans express frustration that  
               another level of government is preventing them from  
               receiving the benefits to which they understood they  
               were entitled.


                         Support and Opposition  (4/21/14)

           Support  :  California Assessors' Association; 5California  
          State Board of Equalization; California Taxpayers  
          Association; Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association. 





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           Opposition  :  None received.