BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó



                                                                  SB 1121
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          Date of Hearing:  June 23, 2014

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                    SB 1121 (De Leon) - As Amended:  June 10, 2014

           SENATE VOTE  :  Not relevant
           
          SUBJECT  :  California Climate Technology and Infrastructure  
          Financing Bank

           SUMMARY  :  Establishes the California Climate Technology and  
          Infrastructure Financing Act (Act) to create a financing program  
          for eligible greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction projects.   


           EXISTING LAW  : 
          
           1)Establishes the California Global Warming Solutions Act of  
            2006 (AB 32), which: 

             a)   Requires the California Air Resources Board (ARB) to  
               adopt regulations requiring the reporting and verification  
               of statewide GHG emissions; 

             b)   Requires ARB to adopt a statewide GHG emissions limit  
               equivalent to 1990 emissions levels, to be achieved by  
               2020; and, 

             c)   Authorizes ARB to use market-based compliance mechanisms  
               to comply with the regulations. 

          2)Under California's Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS),  
            requires retail sellers of electricity (investor owned  
            utilities, energy service providers, and community choice  
            aggregators) to achieve specified renewable energy targets: 

             a)   20 percent on average from January 1, 2011 to December  
               31, 2013;

             b)   25 percent by December 31, 2016; and,

             c)   33 percent by December 31, 2020 and each year  
               thereafter.









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          3)Establishes the GHG Reduction Fund Investment Plan and  
            Communities Revitalization Act, which requires the Department  
            of Finance, in consultation with ARB or other relevant state  
            agencies, to submit a three-year investment plan to achieve  
            GHG emission reductions and other "complementary" goals.  The  
            complementary goals include maximizing public health benefits,  
            job creation, air quality improvements, and investment in  
            disadvantaged communities.  

          4)Establishes subsidy programs for the installation of solar  
            photovoltaic systems administered by the Public Utilities  
            Commission (PUC) and the California Energy Commission (CEC).   
            These programs, known collectively as the California Solar  
            Initiative (CSI), are to provide $3.2 billion in subsidies  
            over 10 years in the form of rebates for the installation of  
            photovoltaic projects.  CSI authorizes the PUC to award $101  
            million in subsidies for solar thermal and solar water heating  
            devices.

          5)Requires the CEC to adopt an integrated energy policy report  
            (IEPR) every two years. The objective of the IEPR is to  
            evaluate market trends and develop energy policies that will  
            "conserve resources, protect the environment, ensure energy  
            reliability, enhance the state's economy, and protect public  
            health and safety."  The IEPR includes "progress toward  
            statewide renewable energy targets and issues facing future  
            renewable development; efforts to increase energy efficiency  
            in existing and new buildings; progress by utilities in  
            achieving energy efficiency targets and potential; improving  
            coordination among the state's energy agencies; streamlining  
            power plant licensing processes; results of preliminary  
            forecasts of electricity, natural gas, and transportation fuel  
            supply and demand; future energy infrastructure needs; the  
            need for research and development efforts to support statewide  
            energy policies; and, issues facing California's nuclear power  
            plants." 

          6)Under the California Constitution and the General Obligation  
            Bond Law, authorizes the Legislature to issue general  
            obligation bonds for specified purposes with a two-thirds vote  
            of both houses.  These bonds only become enacted if they are  
            approved by a majority vote of the state's electorate.  State  
            law authorizes specified state agencies to issue revenue bonds  
            and other credit instruments without voter approval. 









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          7)Authorizes the California Alternative Energy and Advanced  
            Transportation Financing Authority (CAEATFA) to provide  
            financing for facilities that use alternative energy sources  
            and technologies.  CAEATFA can issue revenue bonds (without  
            voter approval), make loans, loan loss reserves, and loan  
            guarantees to develop and commercialize advanced  
            transportation technologies that conserve energy, reduce air  
            pollution, and promote economic development and jobs.  State  
            law limits CAEATFA's total debt to $1 billion.  

           THIS BILL  :

          1)States legislative findings and declarations relating to  
            barriers to the "widespread adoption and commercial scale  
            deployment" of GHG reducing technologies.

          2)Defines terms used in the bill, including "greenhouse gas  
            emissions reduction projects" (projects) as a project,  
            product, service, function, or measure, or an aggregation of  
            these, that avoids or reduces GHG emissions, including, but  
            not limited to: 
             a)   Clean agriculture projects;

             b)   Clean energy infrastructure projects; 

             c)   Demand response projects; 

             d)   Energy efficiency projects; 

             e)   Innovation energy technology projects; 

             f)   Land-based GHG sequestration projects; 

             g)   Low-carbon transportation projects; 

             h)   Renewable energy projects; and,

             i)   System efficiency projects.  

          3)Requires CAEATFA, in consultation with the ARB, to develop and  
            administer the California Climate Technology and  
            Infrastructure Financing Program (Program) to provide  
            financial assistance for projects.  

          4)Requires that the Program earn a net positive return and  








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            maximize net GHG emissions reductions for each dollar provided  
            by "focusing financial support on filling demonstrated  
            financial gaps that are the key barriers to greater investment  
            or market transformation."  

          5)Requires the projects eligible for funding to demonstrate: 

             a)   Reduction in net GHG emission reductions; 

             b)   Partnership with a private financial institution or  
               lender; 

             c)   Ability for the project to meet applicable permitting  
               requirements; 

             d)   Ability to create jobs in the state; 

             e)   Technological viability; 

             f)   Ability to pay back the financial assistance provided  
               over time; 

             g)   The existence of a financial gap that is a barrier to  
               project implementation or market growth; and,

             h)   Other requirements deemed necessary by CAEATFA.  

          6)Requires CAEATFA to establish a "portfolio approach" to the  
            types of financial assistance provided.  

          7)Requires CAEATFA to establish guidelines for the program and  
            project eligibility that are consistent with the requirements  
            of AB 32 and the GHG Reduction Fund Investment Plan and  
            Communities Revitalization Act, as specified. 
           
           8)Requires that priority be given to projects that demonstrate  
            the ability to increase private investment in otherwise  
            commercially viable projects not currently able to obtain  
            financing in the capital markets at a reasonable cost with a  
            reasonable rate of return; increase private investment in  
            projects located in disadvantaged communities; and, maximize  
            economic, environmental, and public health benefits to the  
            state. 
           
           9)Requires CAEATFA to appoint an executive officer to oversee  








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            and implement the program, as specified.  
           
           10)At least twice each year, requires CAEATFA to convene an  
            advisory stakeholder group consisting of clean energy  
            stakeholders with expertise in clean energy financing or  
            technological expertise and requires the stakeholder group to  
            provide specified information to CAEATFA. 

          11)Requires CAEATFA to prepare a three-year guiding document  
            outlining planned financial assistance categories and how the  
            financial assistance will reduce GHG emissions.  The guiding  
            document shall establish priorities for investments and  
            describe how funding will complement existing public and  
            private investments and identify gaps in existing programs.  

          12)Requires CAEATFA to convene and consult with a climate and  
            energy incentive coordination advisory body consisting of: 
             a)   The chair of ARB; 

             b)   The chair of CEC; 

             c)   The president of the PUC; 

             d)   The Treasurer; 

             e)   The director of the Department of Water Resources; 

             f)   Two members appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly;  
               and,

             g)   Two members appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules. 

          13)Requires CEC to submit an annual report to the Legislature,  
            beginning July 30, 2016, on the progress of the financial  
            assistance provided under the Act, how the financial  
            assistance has supported the goals of the Act, and how the  
            financial assistance has been coordinated with other state  
            incentive programs.  

          14)Establishes the Climate Technology and Infrastructure Finance  
            Fund (fund) within the State Treasury.  Upon appropriation by  
            the Legislature, specifies that the fund be a repository for  
            moneys transferred from the GHG Reduction Fund and other  
            moneys including, but not limited to, revenues from bonds and  
            other securities issued by CAEATFA, fees collected pursuant by  








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            CAEATFA generally (not limited to the Act), and gifts and  
            grants.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :

           1)Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author: 

               Although the market for clean, low-carbon technologies has  
               continued to expand, cleaner, cheaper, and more reliable  
               energy remains unavailable to many California consumers and  
               businesses.  A state financing institution, sometimes  
               called a Green Bank, would use a portion of cap-and-trade  
               revenue proceeds to promote widespread deployment of  
               low-carbon technologies by leveraging private investment,  
               so that each public dollar goes further.  The entity, which  
               would be housed at the Treasurer's office, would coordinate  
               with and enhance existing energy programs to achieve the  
               state's greenhouse gas reduction goals set forth in AB 32  
               and beyond.  

           2)Cap-and-trade funding  .  The resources trailer bill, SB 862  
            (Budget and Fiscal Review), which was approved by the  
            Legislature on June 15, allocates cap-and-trade revenues for  
            the 2014-15 fiscal year and establishes a long-term plan for  
            the allocation of cap-and-trade revenues beginning in fiscal  
            year 2015-16.  SB 862 continuously appropriates 35 percent of  
            cap-and-trade funds for investments in transit, affordable  
            housing, and sustainable communities.  Twenty-five percent of  
            the revenues are continuously appropriated to continue the  
            construction of high-speed rail.  The remaining 40 percent  
            will be appropriated annually by the Legislature for  
            investments in programs that include low-carbon  
            transportation, energy efficiency and renewable energy, and  
            natural resources and waste diversion.  The total amount  
            appropriated under SB 862 is $872 million.  SB 862 has not yet  
            been acted upon by the Governor.  Funding for this bill would  
            be appropriated from the 40 percent of cap-and-trade revenues  
            that will be annually appropriated by the Legislature. 

           3)California's green bank  .  The financial assistance program  
            proposed by this bill is generally referred to as a green  
            bank.  Green banks are publicly funded financing institutions  
            that leverage limited public sector funds through the use of  








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            various financial mechanisms to attract private investment in  
            low-carbon clean energy projects. This bill would establish  
            this type of financial institution in California.   

          In 2011, Connecticut established its Clean Energy Finance and  
            Investment Authority (CEFIA) with the intent of moving the  
            state away from grants, rebates, and other subsidies toward  
            low-cost financing of energy efficiency and renewable energy  
            projects.  Among other actions, CEFIA has provided credit  
            enhancements, including loan loss reserves, interest rate  
            buy-downs, and third-party insurance to attract private  
            capital investment.  CEFIA offers a variety of funding  
            mechanisms for business owners and institutions interested in  
            clean energy sources, technology innovators and entrepreneurs  
            working to develop and commercialize new clean energy  
            technologies, and real estate developers who want to  
            incorporate clean energy sources.  The program provides  
            specific information for commercial property assessed clean  
            energy, anaerobic digestion, combined heat and power, and  
            renewable energy and energy efficiency projects.  CEFIA also  
            offers financial assistance for residential projects and  
            community projects.  

           4)CAEATFA background  .  CAEATFA provides financing for facilities  
            that use alternative energy sources and technologies.  CAEATFA  
            can issue revenue bonds, make loans, loan loss reserves, loan  
            guarantees, and other financial instruments to develop and  
            commercialize advanced transportation technologies that  
            conserve energy, reduce air emissions, and promote economic  
            development and jobs.  CAEATFA's board consists of the  
            Treasurer, Controller, Director of Finance, Chair of the CEC,  
            and President of the PUC, which determines which projects  
            receive funding.  Current law limits CAEATFA's total debt to  
            $1 billion.  

           5)Suggested amendments  .  In the definitions for the types of  
            projects eligible for funding under the Act, this bill is  
            inconsistent regarding whether or not the projects have to  
            achieve GHG emission reductions.   The committee may wish to  
            amend the bill  to clarify that all projects eligible for  
            funding must result in GHG emission reductions.  

          In order to avoid confusion with regard to which types of  
            renewable energy projects are eligible for funding,  the  
            committee may wish to amend  the definition to make it  








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            consistent with the definition of the types of projects that  
            are eligible under the state's RPS.

           To ensure that the bill is consistent with other CAEATFA  
            programs,  the committee may wish to strike  the references to  
            "insurance" and "portfolio insurance" on page 4, line 5.  

           The committee may wish to amend  the bill to ensure that  
            financial assistance provided to demand response projects must  
            result in reductions in electrical energy usage, rather than  
            changes to electrical energy usage.  

          Due to a drafting error, this bill requires CEC, rather than  
            CAEATFA, to complete the annual report to the Legislature.   
            The  committee may wish to amend the bill  to replace the word,  
            "commission" with "authority" and make other technical and  
            clarifying amendments.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          Agrion 
          Bernheim and Dean, Inc. 
          California Clean Energy Fund 
          Chargepoint
          CleanTECH San Diego
          Coalition for Green Capital Action Fund 
          DBL Investors
          Environmental Defense Fund 
          EV Communities Alliance
          Mosaic
          Natural Resources Defense Council 
          Off the Grid Design
          Passive House Alliance US
          Passive House Alliance US - San Francisco Chapter
          Presidio Graduate School
          Silicon Valley Leadership Group
          SolEd Benefit Corp
          Sonoma County Water
          Sungevity
          SunRun
          Village Power
           
          Opposition 








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          None on file


           Analysis Prepared by  :  Elizabeth MacMillan / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092