BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                 UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 1124
          Author:   Hernandez (D)
          Amended:  8/18/14
          Vote:     21


           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  7-1, 4/9/14
          AYES:  Hernandez, Anderson, Beall, DeSaulnier, Evans, Monning,  
            Wolk
          NOES:  Nielsen
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  De Le�n

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 5/23/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters

           SENATE FLOOR  :  30-5, 5/27/14
          AYES:  Anderson, Beall, Berryhill, Block, Cannella, Corbett,  
            Correa, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Evans, Fuller, Gaines, Galgiani,  
            Hancock, Hernandez, Hill, Hueso, Jackson, Lara, Leno, Lieu,  
            Mitchell, Monning, Padilla, Pavley, Roth, Steinberg, Torres,  
            Wolk, Wyland
          NOES:  Huff, Knight, Morrell, Nielsen, Walters
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon, Liu, Vidak, Wright, Yee

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 8/25/14 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Medi-Cal:  estate recovery

           SOURCE  :     California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform
                      Western Center on Law and Poverty

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           DIGEST  :    This bill limits state recovery from the estate of a  
          deceased Medi-Cal beneficiary to only those costs for health  
          care services that the state is required to recover under  
          federal law.

           Assembly Amendments  (1) delete the provision that health care  
          services federal law or guidance authorize the state to  
          eliminate from recovery shall also be exempted; (2) delete the  
          provision that the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS)  
          shall only collect amounts identified as being spent by either  
          DHCS or a Medi-Cal managed care plan for health care services  
          actually received by the decedent, or the per-member, per-month  
          payment, whichever is less in that month; and (3) make other  
          technical changes.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Requires DHCS to claim against the estate of a deceased  
            Medi-Cal beneficiary, or against any recipient of the property  
            of that beneficiary by distribution or survival, by an amount  
            equal to the payments for the health care services received or  
            the value of the property received by any recipient from the  
            deceased Medi-Cal beneficiary by distribution or survival,  
            whichever is less.  This is referred to as "Medi-Cal estate  
            recovery."

          2.Prohibits DHCS from claiming in any of the following  
            circumstances:

             A.   The deceased Medi-Cal beneficiary was under 55 when  
               services were received, except in the case of an individual  
               who had been an inpatient in a nursing facility; or

             B.   Where there is any of the following:

               (1)    A surviving spouse during his/her lifetime;

               (2)    A surviving child who is under age 21; or

               (3)    A surviving child who is blind or permanently and  
                 totally disabled.

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          1.Requires DHCS to waive its claim, in whole or in part, if it  
            determines that enforcement of the claim would result in  
            substantial hardship to other dependents, heirs, or survivors  
            of the individual against whose estate the claim exists.   
            Requires DHCS to notify individuals of this waiver provision  
            and the opportunity for a hearing to establish that a waiver  
            should be granted.

          This bill:

          1.Limits the health care services subject to estate recovery to  
            only those services required to be recovered under federal  
            law.  Services required to be recovered under federal law are  
            nursing facility services, home and community-based services,  
            and related hospital and prescription drug services.

          2.Eliminates estate recovery against the estate of a surviving  
            spouse of a deceased Medi-Cal beneficiary when the surviving  
            spouse dies.

          3.Requires DHCS, upon request and free of charge, to provide a  
            current or former beneficiary, or his or her authorized  
            representative, with the total amount of Medi-Cal expenses  
            that have been paid on behalf of that beneficiary that would  
            be subject to estate recovery.  Requires DHCS to permit a  
            beneficiary to request the information on expenses by the  
            Internet, telephone, mail, or in person, to post on its  
            Internet Web site directions for requesting the information,  
            and to include this information in its pamphlet for the  
            Medi-Cal Estate Recovery Program and any other notices DHCS  
            distributes to beneficiaries regarding estate recovery.

          4.Repeals the estate recovery statute struck down in court that  
            requires 'proportionate share" recovery from a former Medi-Cal  
            beneficiary's estate when there are both decedents entitled to  
            an exemption from recovery and decedents who are not.

          5.Provides that the provisions of this bill apply only to  
            individuals who decease on or after January 1, 2015. 

           Background

          The federal Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid changes and  

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          federal guidance on application of estate recovery  .  ACA expands  
          Medicaid coverage to previously ineligible adults under age 65  
          with incomes under 138% of the federal poverty level.  In  
          addition, the ACA also changes income counting and asset  
          eligibility rules for parents, children, and pregnant women, who  
          were already eligible for Medicaid.  Eligibility for these  
          categories of recipients is now calculated based on "modified  
          adjusted gross income," or MAGI, and there is no asset test for  
          persons who become eligible for Medicaid under MAGI rules.

          Estate recovery is likely to affect more individuals than before  
          because the number of people eligible under Medi-Cal has  
          increased, but also because some of the new beneficiaries may  
          have assets, such as a home or a savings account, but are now  
          Medi-Cal-eligible if their income has declined from some reason,  
          such as a job loss.

          States, advocates, and members of Congress began raising the  
          issue as to whether existing estate recovery requirements apply  
          to persons eligible for Medicaid based on MAGI.  On February 6,  
          2014, the Democratic Congressional leadership wrote to  
          Department of Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen  
          Sebelius, stating that Congress did not intend for estate  
          recovery to apply to working-age uninsured individuals for whom  
          Medicaid provides basic health insurance coverage. 

          On February 21, 2014, the federal Centers for Medicare and  
          Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a State Medicaid Director Letter  
          that indicated estate recovery applies to individuals whose  
          income is determined based on MAGI who were 55 years old or  
          older when they received Medicaid.  However, CMS also stated  
          that, "Due to the potential barrier to enrollment that future  
          estate recovery may create for some individuals, CMS intends to  
          thoroughly explore options and to use any available authorities  
          to eliminate recovery of Medicaid benefits consisting of items  
          or services other than long term care and related services in  
          the case of individuals who are determined eligible for Medicaid  
          benefits using the MAGI methodology."

           Deletion of proportionate share recovery language  .  This bill  
          deletes language in existing law that has been struck down in  
          court.  That language allowed DHCS to claim against a deceased  
          former Medi-Cal beneficiary's estate for the "proportionate  
          share" of the estate left to individuals who did not quality for  

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          an exemption.  In Dalzin v. Belshe (1997), two separate deceased  
          Medi-Cal beneficiaries left their estates to their children.   
          Both Medi-Cal beneficiaries had sons who were disabled and thus  
          entitled to an exemption from estate recovery.  DHCS filed an  
          estate claim against the non-disabled children of the families.   
          The court granted a permanent injunction, prohibiting DHCS from  
          claiming against the non-disabled child's portion of a  
          beneficiary's estate.

           Previous Legislation
           
          AB 2493 (Lieber, 2004) would have prohibited the Department of  
          Health Services (DHS was the predecessor to DHCS) from claiming  
          against the surviving spouses of Medi-Cal beneficiaries, would  
          have deleted the "proportionate share" recovery from a former  
          Medi-Cal beneficiary's estate, required DHS to adopt regulations  
          defining "substantial hardship" exemptions from estate recovery,  
          required DHCS to grant estate recovery waivers consistent with  
          regulations adopted by DHS, and would exempt from estate  
          recovery services provided through the IHSS program.  The bill  
          was held on the Assembly Appropriations suspense file.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee:

           One-time costs to DHCS, likely less than $100,000, to revise  
            regulations 
          (50% General Fund/ 50% federal).

           One-time administrative costs in the range of $50,000 to DHCS  
            to develop procedures and make Information Technology system  
            changes necessary to provide personalized information to  
            beneficiaries upon request.  There will also be some level of  
            ongoing administrative costs to provide such information.  If  
            5,000 people per year request such information, at a cost of  
            $25, annual costs will be $125,000 (25% General Fund/ 75%  
            federal).

           Based on narrower estate recovery rules, potential  
            administrative cost savings from fewer staff working on estate  
            recovery.  The current budget for estate recovery is  
            approximately $4.5 million (25% General Fund, 75% federal).   

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            The effect of this bill on these administrative costs is  
            unknown, but it may result in a significant reduction in the  
            need for estate recovery staff.

           Annual revenue loss of about $17 million per year (50% General  
            Fund/ 50% federal).  This revenue loss will likely grow in  
            future years.

           Unknown future revenue loss from foregone claims on the  
            estates of deceased Medi-Cal beneficiaries eligible under the  
            Medi-Cal expansion beginning in 2017 (5% to 10% General Fund,  
            95% to 90% federal funds).  Any cost recovery made by the  
            state from this population will largely be returned to the  
            federal government.  Therefore, the General Fund impact from  
            eliminating some cost recovery from this population is  
            limited.

           Minor revenue reduction.

          SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/26/14)

          California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform (co-source)
          Western Center on Law and Poverty (co-source)
          AARP 
          AFSCME, AFL-CIO
          Asian Americans Advancing Justice
          Asian Law Alliance
          Bet Tzedek Legal Services
          California Association of Physician Groups
          California Commission on Aging
          California Health Advocates
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network
          California School Employees Association
          Community Health Councils
          Congress of California Seniors
          Consumer Federation of California
          Consumers Union
          Disability Rights California
          Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund
          Executive Committee of the Trusts & Estates Section of the State  
          Bar
          Legal Aid Society of Orange County
          Health Access California
          Health Consumer Alliance

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          Housing California
          Latino Coalition for a Healthy California
          Legal Aid Society of San Mateo County
          Long Term Care Ombudsman Services of San Luis Obispo County
          Maternal and Child Health Access
          National Health Law Program
          National Senior Citizens Law Center
          Private Essential Access Community Hospitals
          SEIU California

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/26/14)

          Department of Finance

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    This bill is jointly sponsored by the  
          California Advocates for Nursing Home Reform (CANHR) and the  
          Western Center on Law and Poverty (WCLP) which argue, this bill  
          would go a long way toward fixing this enrollment barrier by  
          eliminating the portions of estate recovery which are optional.   
          WCLP states that, under the ACA, most individuals are required  
          to have health coverage or they will face a financial penalty.   
          With the expansion and streamlining of Medi-Cal and the  
          availability of tax credits through Covered California, there is  
          an unprecedented push to enroll Californians in public and  
          subsidized health coverage programs.  However, when consumers  
          learn about estate recovery, they are fearful that if they  
          enroll in Medi-Cal, they will lose their homes to pay for the  
          care they received while on Medi-Cal, effectively turning  
          Medi-Cal into a long term loan and not a safety net program.   
          WCLP states that, though some people would rather enroll in  
          Covered California and pay a small premium rather than be  
          subject to Medi-Cal estate recovery.  WCLP states it has heard  
          of many instances of consumers simply not signing up for  
          coverage as a result of estate recovery.

          WCLP concludes that seeking estate recovery from the new ACA  
          adult expansion population makes little fiscal sense for the  
          state, as the cost of Medi-Cal for this new group is 100%  
          federally funded and any sums recovered against from this group  
          must be turned over to the federal government.  Consequently,  
          recovery against this group effectively turns the Medi-Cal  
          program into a collection agency for the federal government.

          CANHR concludes that this bill not only addresses a major  

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          barrier to enrollment, but it brings fairness and equity to a  
          recovery system that has for too long preyed on the inability of  
          low-income consumers and their spouses to assert their rights  
          under the law.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The Department of Finance (DOF)  
          opposes this bill because they say it significantly reduces  
          estate recoveries that offset General Fund expenditures in the  
          Medi-Cal program.  DOF states that recovery of past health care  
          expenditures from the estates of decedents helps fund necessary  
          health care benefits for additional beneficiaries, most of whom  
          have little or no assets.  DOF further states that while the  
          intergenerational transmission of assets for low-income Medi-Cal  
          beneficiaries may be hindered by the estate recovery process,  
          reducing this significant source of funding for the program  
          would result in General Fund costs or lead to reductions in  
          health care services for other beneficiaries.

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 8/25/14
          AYES:  Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Eggman, Fong, Fox, Frazier,  
            Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gorell,  
            Gray, Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Roger Hern�ndez, Holden,  
            Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal,  
            Maienschein, Mansoor, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Muratsuchi,  
            Nazarian, Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, John A.  
            P�rez, V. Manuel P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon,  
            Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner,  
            Waldron, Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Donnelly, Vacancy


          JL:e  8/26/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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