BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                 UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 1127
          Author:   Torres (D) and Pavley (D)
          Amended:  6/15/14
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE  :  4-0, 4/22/14
          AYES:  Liu, Berryhill, DeSaulnier, Hancock
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Wyland

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8

           SENATE FLOOR  :  35-0, 5/8/14 (Consent)  
          AYES: Anderson, Beall, Berryhill, Block, Cannella, Corbett,  
            Correa, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Evans, Fuller, Galgiani, Hancock,  
            Hernandez, Hill, Hueso, Huff, Jackson, Lara, Leno, Lieu, Liu,  
            Mitchell, Monning, Morrell, Nielsen, Padilla, Pavley, Roth,  
            Steinberg, Torres, Vidak, Walters, Wolk, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Calderon, Gaines, Knight, Wright, Yee

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  78-0, 8/14/14 (Consent) - See last page for  
            vote


           SUBJECT  :    Emergency services:  individuals with developmental  
          disabilities
                      and cognitive impairments

           SOURCE  :     The Help Group


           DIGEST  :    This bill adds individuals who are developmentally  
          disabled or cognitively impaired to the list of people who may  
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          be the subject of a Silver Alert and deletes the existing sunset  
          date, thereby extending the operation of these provisions  
          indefinitely.

           Assembly Amendments  delete the existing sunset date.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

          1.Establishes the Emergency Alert System, which has been  
            nicknamed the "Amber Alert" system, which may be activated if  
            a law enforcement agency receives a report that an abduction  
            has occurred or that a child has been taken by anyone,  
            including a custodial parent or guardian, and the victim is in  
            imminent danger of serious bodily injury or death, and there  
            is information available that, if disseminated to the general  
            public, could assist in the safe recovery of the victim, as  
            specified.

          2.Establishes a "blue alert" system, designed to issue and  
            coordinate alerts if a law enforcement officer has been killed  
            or seriously injured by a suspect who has fled the scene and  
            poses an imminent threat to public safety, as specified.

          3.Establishes a "Silver Alert" notification system, operated by  
            the California Highway Patrol (CHP) to issue and coordinate  
            alerts when a person age 65 or older is missing, as specified.

          4.Encourages radio, television, and cable and satellite systems  
            to cooperate with disseminating the information contained in a  
            Silver Alert.

          5.Requires the CHP to assist the investigating law enforcement  
            agency by issuing a be-on-the-lookout alert, an Emergency  
            Digital Information Service message, or an electronic flyer.

          6.Defines a developmental disability as a disability that  
            originates before an individual attains 18 years of age;  
            continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely; and  
            constitutes a substantial disability for that individual.   
            This term includes disabling conditions found to be closely  
            related to intellectual disability or to require treatment  
            similar to that required for individuals with an intellectual  
            disability, but does not include other handicapping conditions  
            that are solely physical in nature.

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          7.Defines a cognitive impairment as the loss or deterioration of  
            intellectual capacity characterized by impairments in short-  
            or long-term memory, language, concentration and attention,  
            orientation to people, place, or time, visual-spatial  
            abilities or executive functions, or both, including, but not  
            limited to, judgment, reasoning, or the ability to inhibit  
            behaviors that interfere with social, occupational, or  
            everyday functioning due to conditions, including, but not  
            limited to, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease or  
            other form of dementia, or brain injury. 

          This bill adds to the list of individuals who may be the subject  
          of a Silver Alert anyone who is developmentally disabled, or  
          cognitively impaired, as defined, and deletes the existing  
          sunset date, thereby extending the operation of these provisions  
          indefinitely.

           Background

          Emergency Alert System

          Amber Alert  .  The nation's first Amber alert was established in  
          1996, and named after the after 9-year-old Amber Hagerman who  
          was kidnapped and murdered while riding her bicycle in  
          Arlington, Texas, that same year.  It was intended to help  
          inform local residents to search for a child who was abducted  
          nearby. 

          California began the Amber Alert as a regional program in 1999  
          and it was adopted statewide in 2002 (AB 415, Runner).  As of  
          February 2014, there have been 219 activations in California,  
          255 recovered victims and 131 suspects arrested. Of the  
          abductions, twice as many were parental abductions as stranger  
          abductions.  The CHP is responsible for statewide coordination  
          of the Amber Alert system.

           Blue Alert  .  California expanded the alert system in 2010 to  
          allow the CHP to initiate a quick response to coordinate alerts  
          following an attack on a law enforcement officer if the officer  
          was killed, suffered serious bodily injury or was assaulted with  
          a deadly weapon and the suspect remains at large. 

           Silver Alert  .  In 2012, California established the Silver Alert  

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          program to coordinate communication after the unexplained or  
          suspicious disappearance of an elderly person. The system is  
          intended to provide immediate attention to the public about the  
          missing person, including photographs, descriptions and  
          information about the last time and location they were seen.   
          The program is coordinated by the California Highway Patrol,  
          which will issue an alert only if the missing person is 65 years  
          or older, the investigating agency has used all of its resources  
          and determines that the missing person disappeared under  
          suspicious or unexplained circumstances and the local law  
          enforcement agency believes the person is in danger.  The CHP  
          also must determine that if the information was disseminated to  
          the public, it could assist in the safe recovery of the missing  
          person. According to the author, there have been 182 Silver  
          Alert activations since the system was created, resulting in 166  
          successful recoveries of one or more adults.

          According to a 2009 report issued by the Congressional Research  
          Service, "Alert Systems for Missing Adults in Eleven States:   
          Background and Issues for Congress," there is growing concern  
          about the dangers associated with adults with cognitive  
          disorders who wander:

               Policymakers and advocates for the missing have identified  
               persons with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of  
               dementia as being particularly vulnerable to missing  
               episodes.  Increases in longevity among the older  
               population and the aging of the baby boom generation have  
               contributed to interest in establishing these systems.   
               Wandering from home can be a frequent behavior that may  
               pose a significant, sometimes life-threatening, danger to  
               the wellbeing of those with Alzheimer's disease and other  
               forms of dementia.  According to the Alzheimer's  
               Association, if not found within 24 hours, nearly 50% of  
               those who wander risk serious illness or death. Illness or  
               death may occur from exposure to the elements, lack of food  
               or hydration for an extended period, and general inability  
               of the individual to think, act, or communicate to gain  
               assistance.

          More than 16 million people in the U.S. are living with  
          cognitive impairments. Alzheimer's is the most common form of  
          dementia, a general term for memory loss and other intellectual  
          disabilities serious enough to interfere with daily life.  A  

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          person with Alzheimer's, or other forms of cognitive impairment,  
          may not remember his/her name or address, and can become  
          disoriented, even in familiar places.  These individuals are  
          prone to wandering and become missing from their families or  
          caregivers. It's estimated that 60% of individuals with  
          cognitive impairments or Alzheimer's will wander. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, 

           CHP indicates costs to expand Silver Alerts to developmentally  
            disabled and cognitively impaired persons would be absorbable;  
            CHP already has procedures for endangered missing advisories  
            for this cohort.

           Ongoing costs to extend the Silver Alert system indefinitely  
            would be absorbable, as current staffing levels for CHP's  
            Emergency Notification and Tactical Alert Center, which covers  
            Amber and Silver Alerts, would not be affected. 

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/15/14)

          The Help Group (source) 
          Association of Regional Center Agencies 
          California Council of the Alzheimer's Association 
          Center for Autism and Related Disorders 
          Educate. Advocate. 

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author states that California  
          currently lacks an effective and widespread broadcasting system  
          to respond to cases of missing individuals with developmentally  
          disabilities or cognitive impairments.  According to the author,  
          several private programs and agencies dedicated to supporting  
          search efforts for wandering individuals with autism are in  
          place today and are actively used, however, lack adequate  
          funding and support to be fully effective.  The author states  
          this bill uses California's existing infrastructure to address a  
          serious problem for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder,  
          developmental disabilities, Alzheimer's, and other forms of  
          cognitive impairments. 



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           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 78-0, 08/14/14
          AYES: Achadjian, Alejo, Allen, Ammiano, Bigelow, Bloom,  
            Bocanegra, Bonilla, Bonta, Bradford, Brown, Buchanan, Ian  
            Calderon, Campos, Chau, Ch�vez, Chesbro, Conway, Cooley,  
            Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dickinson, Donnelly, Eggman, Fong, Fox,  
            Frazier, Beth Gaines, Garcia, Gatto, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon,  
            Gorell, Gray, Grove, Hagman, Hall, Harkey, Holden, Jones,  
            Jones-Sawyer, Levine, Linder, Logue, Lowenthal, Maienschein,  
            Mansoor, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Muratsuchi, Nazarian,  
            Nestande, Olsen, Pan, Patterson, Perea, John A. P�rez, V.  
            Manuel P�rez, Quirk, Quirk-Silva, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas,  
            Rodriguez, Salas, Skinner, Stone, Ting, Wagner, Waldron,  
            Weber, Wieckowski, Wilk, Williams, Yamada, Atkins
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Roger Hern�ndez, Vacancy


          JL:nl  8/15/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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