BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 1151
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   June 16, 2014

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION
                               Bonnie Lowenthal, Chair
                   SB 1151 (Cannella) - As Amended:  June 23, 2014

           SENATE VOTE  :  32-0
           
          SUBJECT  :  Vehicles: school fine zones

           SUMMARY  :  Imposes an additional $35 fine in addition to all  
          other fines and penalties for specified violations occurring in  
          school zones and directs revenue from the fine to the state's  
          Active Transportation Program (ATP) to fund school zone safety  
          projects. Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Adds a fine of $35, in addition to any other fines, fees, and  
            penalties for most traffic offenses committed by the driver of  
            a vehicle in a school zone.  

          2)Generally provides that the additional fine applies only when  
            appropriate signs are posted and children are present.  

          3)Requires the additional fine to be deposited in the State  
            Highway Account in the State Transportation Fund for purposes  
            of funding school safety projects within the ATP.  

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Establishes a prima facie speed limit of 25 miles per hour  
            (mph) when approaching or passing a school building or school  
            grounds if the school is contiguous to a highway and posted  
            with a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign.  The 25 mph speed limit  
            applies while children are entering or exiting during school  
            hours or the noon recess period.  The 25 mph speed limit also  
            applies when approaching or passing any school grounds that  
            are not separated from the highway by a fence, gate, or other  
            physical barrier while the grounds are in use by children and  
            the highway is posted with a standard "SCHOOL" warning sign.   
            The "SCHOOL" sign may be posted at any distance up to 500 feet  
            away from school grounds.  

          2)Authorizes a local authority, upon determining via an  
            engineering and traffic survey that the speed limit of 25 mph  
            in a particular school zone is too high to be reasonable or  








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            safe, to establish a prima facie speed limit of either 20 or  
            15 mph, as deemed appropriate by the survey.  

          3)Establishes the base fine for speeding in a school zone as $35  
            for traveling 1 mph to 15 mph over the speed limit ($238 total  
            fine with fees and court costs), $70 for traveling 16 mph to  
            25 mph over the speed limit ($367 total fine with fees and  
            court costs), and $100 for traveling 26 mph or more over the  
            speed limit ($490 total fine with fees and court costs).  

          4)Creates the ATP to encourage increased use of active modes of  
            transportation, such as biking and walking.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, many school zones lack  
          sufficient bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure, such as  
          adequate sidewalks, crosswalks, bicycle lanes, and traffic  
          signage, to enable children to travel safely to school.  The  
          author notes that enabling children to walk or ride their bikes  
          to school helps combat obesity, and that both obesity and  
          pedestrian injury are statewide problems that are especially  
          prevalent in the Central Valley, communities of color, and  
          low-income areas.  In addition, drivers who do not observe  
          traffic laws create dangerous environments for children walking  
          near schools.  

          This bill adds an additional $35 fine on top of all existing  
          fines and penalties for most common traffic violations if  
          committed in a posted school zone where additional signage  
          indicates that enhanced penalties apply.  The bill directs the  
          additional fine to the ATP for purposes of funding school zone  
          safety projects. Because it is not currently mandatory for local  
          jurisdictions to post "SCHOOL" signs near schools and because  
          the bill requires such a sign plus an additional sign providing  
          notice of the increased fine in order for the $35 to be imposed  
          on drivers, this bill effectively creates a local option.  

          The ATP, established by the 2013-14 budget, consolidates several  
          existing federal and state transportation programs, including  
          Safe Routes to Schools (SRTS), the Bicycle Transportation  
          Account, and others, to encourage increased use of active modes  
          of transportation.  The ATP can fund infrastructure projects  
          such as bikeway and walkways; non-infrastructure projects such  
          as education, enforcement, and planning; and infrastructure  








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          projects with non-infrastructure components. Program goals  
          include increasing the proportion of trips accomplished by  
          biking and walking; increasing the safety and mobility of  
          non-motorized users, and enhancing public health, including  
          reduction of childhood obesity through the use of programs that,  
          for example, enhance safety around schools.  

          The concept of increasing fines in school zones to improve  
          safety has been tried before in California. AB 1886 (Jackson),  
          Chapter 590, Statutes of 2002, authorized Alameda, Santa  
          Barbara, and Ventura counties, and the cities within those  
          counties, until January 1, 2007, to establish double-fine zones  
          near schools.  AB 1886 required these revenues to fund school  
          pedestrian and bicyclist safety programs administered by a city,  
          school district, or county.  A May 2006 report to the  
          Legislature by the California Highway Patrol found that sign  
          installation was quite costly; very little money was generated  
          from the additional fine, and therefore no school  
          pedestrian-bicyclist safety programs were created; and some  
          police departments did not have adequate staff to effectively  
          patrol the schools.  The report also noted that due to  
          insufficient resources of participating schools and police  
          departments, local agencies collected very little data.  The  
          report concluded that "the findings do not support the  
          continuation of the program."  

           Arguments in support:  
           
          PolicyLink states that an analysis the organization conducted  
          statewide of child pedestrian and bicycle injuries found that  
          nearly two-thirds of these injuries occurred within one mile of  
          a school where 75% or more of the children were eligible for the  
          free or reduced priced meal program and that this bill helps  
          address this serious problem by providing incentive for safe  
          driving in school zones.  PolicyLink further argues that  
          dedicating the additional fee to the ATP will create a  
          complementary affect by funding programs that actually increase  
          community awareness around pedestrian and bicycle safety and  
          support needed infrastructure upgrades to ensure children's  
          safety.  

           Arguments in opposition:
           
          The National Motorists Association states that funding education  
          of drivers and school children would be a more effective way to  








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          improve school zone safety than assigning penalties and  
          collecting fines.  Safer Streets L.A. argues that rather than  
          increasing penalties, which has not been shown to result in a  
          decrease in collisions, the Legislature should consider enhanced  
          education and engineering countermeasures to improve roadway  
          safety for children traveling to and from school.  

           Previous legislation:
           
          AB 1886 (Jackson), Chapter 590, Statutes of 2002, authorized  
          Alameda, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties, and the cities  
          within those counties, until January 1, 2007, to establish  
          double-fine zones near schools.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          Central California Regional Obesity Prevention Program  
          (co-sponsor)
          Safe Routes to School National Partnership (co-sponsor)
          TransForm (co-sponsor)
          Alliance for Community Research and Development
          American Heart Association and American Stroke Association
          California Bicycle Coalition
          California Center for Public Health Advocacy
          California Federation of Teachers
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network
          California State Association of Counties
          California State PTA
          California Walks
          Cancer Action Network
          Catholic Charities, Diocese of Stockton
          Center for Human Services
          City and County of San Francisco
          City of Goleta
          City of San Jose (if amended)
          COAST Santa Barbara
          Counties of Alameda and Contra Costa 
          Fresno Economic Opportunities Commission
          Golden Valley High School
          Latino Coalition for a Healthy California
          Los Angeles Unified School District-Board District 5
          Merced County Office of Education
          Metropolitan Transportation Commission








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          PolicyLink
          San Mateo County Transit District
          Sheriffs Community Impact
          Third and Fourth Streets Planning Communities
          Transportation Agency for Monterey County
          98 individuals
           
            Opposition 
           
          Department of Finance
          National Motorists Association
          Safer Streets LA
          1 individual


           Analysis Prepared by  :   Anya Lawler / TRANS. / (916) 319-2093