BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                                      SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 1178                                      
          S
          AUTHOR:        Correa                                       
          B
          VERSION:       April 10, 2014
          HEARING DATE:  April 22, 2014                               
          1
          FISCAL:        Yes                                          
          1
                                                                      
          7
          CONSULTANT:    Mareva Brown                                 
          8

                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                      Developmental disabilities: housing

                                     SUMMARY  

          This bill establishes the California Developmental  
          Disabilities Community Support Housing Fund, to be  
          administered by the Department of Developmental Services  
          (DDS). The fund will consist of moneys saved by  
          transitioning individuals with developmental disabilities  
          from an institution to housing in the community, as well as  
          any savings from diverting individuals from institutions  
          into the community. The bill requires DDS to expend money  
          in the fund to develop housing through specified existing  
          programs. 
                                     ABSTRACT  

           Existing law:

           1)Establishes the California Department of Developmental  
            Services (DDS) to administer the Lanterman Developmental  
            Disabilities Act, which entitles individuals with  
            developmental disabilities to community services and  

                                                         Continued---




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            supports. (WIC 4500)

          2)Establishes in California law that DDS contracts with  
            private non-profit regional centers to provide fixed  
            points of contact in the community for persons with  
            developmental disabilities and their families, so that  
            these persons may have access to the services and  
            supports best suited to them throughout their lifetime.  
            (WIC 4620)

          3)Establishes in California law that it is the intent of  
            the legislature that an array of services and supports  
            are provided to sufficiently meet the needs and choices  
            of each person with developmental disabilities,  
            regardless of age or degree of disability, and at each  
            stage of life and to support their integration into the  
            mainstream life of the community. To the maximum extent  
            feasible, services and supports should be available  
            throughout the state to prevent the dislocation of  
            persons with developmental disabilities from their home  
            communities. (WIC 4501)

          4)Requires regional centers to be responsible for expanding  
            opportunities for the full and equal participation of  
            persons with developmental disabilities in their local  
            communities, and specifies activities that may be  
            included, such as: 

             a)    Providing assistance to case managers and family  
               members on expanding community integration options for  
               consumers in the areas of work, recreation, social,  
               community service, education, and public services.
             b)   Providing technical assistance to, and coordinating  
               with, community support facilitators who will be used  
               to provide supports to individual consumers for  
               community participation, as needed. (WIC 4688)

          5)Permits DDS to approve proposals by three Bay Area  
            regional centers to provide for, secure, and assure the  
            full payment of a lease or leases on housing, as  
            specified, as part of a plan to move residents of Agnews  
            Developmental Center to the community. (WIC 4688.5)

          6)Creates the Multifamily Housing Program (HSC 50675), and  
            the Predevelopment Loan Program (HSC 50530) to alleviate  





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            the difficulty many California's face in finding  
            affordable housing.

           This bill:
           
             1)   States various Legislative findings and  
               declarations related to the need to establish housing  
               opportunities for individuals with developmental  
               disabilities. 

             2)   Defines various terms including that "institution"  
               means a developmental center, a skilled nursing  
               facility, and a mental health facility, including, but  
               not limited to, a facility that provides acute  
               inpatient psychiatric care and an institution for  
               mental disease.

             3)   Establishes the California Developmental  
               Disabilities Community Support Housing Fund within the  
               State Treasury and defines its contents as:

                  a.        Moneys saved from transitioning  
                    individuals with developmental disabilities from  
                    an institution to housing in the community,
                  b.        Moneys saved by preventing the  
                    institutionalization of individuals with  
                    developmental disabilities,
                  c.        Moneys earned from leases of  
                    developmental center facilities entered into  
                    after the effective date of this section,
                  d.        Interest and dividends on moneys  
                    deposited in the fund, as specified,
                  e.        Any other moneys transferred to the fund.

             4)   Directs the Department of Finance, or another state  
               entity designated by the Department of Finance, to  
               annually determine the amount of the moneys to be  
               deposited into the fund by calculating the sum of the  
               following:
                  a.        The average annual cost of providing  
                    services to a consumer who resides in a  
                    developmental center, less the average annual  
                    cost of providing community support services to a  
                    consumer who is placed in the community,  
                    multiplied by the number of consumers who have  





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                    transitioned from an institution to housing in  
                    the community in the preceding fiscal year.
                  b.        The average annual cost of providing  
                    services to a consumer who resides in an  
                    institution, less the average annual cost of  
                    providing community support services to a  
                    consumer who is placed in the community,  
                    multiplied by the number of consumers who are  
                    deflected from admission to an institution.
                  c.        The average annual cost of providing  
                    services to a consumer who resides in an  
                    institution, less the average annual cost of  
                    providing community support services to a  
                    consumer who is placed in the community,  
                    multiplied by the number of consumers who are at  
                    risk of housing displacement.

             5)   Defines deflection from admission to an institution  
               to mean that a consumer's individual program plan  
               (IPP) establishes that he or she has complex service  
               needs and requires additional community support  
               services to remain housed in the community and avoid  
               admission to an institution or placement with an  
               out-of-state service.

             6)   Defines "at risk of housing displacement" to mean  
               that a consumer's IPP identifies that he or she is at  
               risk of housing displacement including, but not  
               limited to, a consumer who resides in jail, is placed  
               in an inappropriate level of care, resides in  
               substandard housing, or who can no longer afford the  
               cost of his or her current housing.

             7)   Requires the Department of Finance, or the other  
               state agency designated by the Department of Finance,  
               to work with the Department of Social Services,  
               regional centers, and other entities, as appropriate,  
               to obtain the data necessary to determine the moneys  
               to be deposited into the fund, as specified.

             8)   Requires the fund be administered by the Department  
               of Housing and Community Development.

             9)   Requires the Department of Housing and Community  
               Development expend moneys in the fund, upon  





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               appropriation by the Legislature, to develop housing  
               through the Multifamily Housing Program, as specified,  
               and the Predevelopment Loan Program, as specified, for  
               individuals with developmental disabilities.

                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal committee.

                            BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           Purpose of the bill
           
          The author states that this bill is necessary to address an  
          impending crisis of consumers with developmental  
          disabilities who cannot find affordable housing. When  
          family caregivers are no longer able to support an adult  
          child with a developmental disability at home, alternative  
          living arrangements are difficult to locate, according to  
          the author. The author states that California lacks housing  
          opportunities that are safe, affordable and integrated for  
          persons with developmental disabilities as well as families  
          with children who have developmental disabilities. 

          This bill establishes a new methodology for regional center  
          housing development funds that will be leveraged through  
          existing available resources, according to the author. By  
          redirecting funding from developmental center operational  
          funds as consumers are moved into the community, SB 1178  
          ensures that the resources will follow the consumers, he  
          states. 

           Regional Centers
                                        
           California's 21 nonprofit regional centers are part of a  
          system of care for individuals with developmental  
          disabilities that is overseen by DDS. DDS is responsible  
          for coordinating care and providing services for more than  
          265,000 people who receive services and supports to live in  
          their communities, as well as approximately 1,300 people  
          who reside in developmental centers. California statute  
          defines a developmental disability as a substantial  
          disability that originates before the age of 18 and  
          continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely,  
          such as intellectual disabilities, cerebral palsy,  





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          epilepsy, and autism. 


           Affordable Housing
          
           Affordable housing in California remains difficult to find,  
          exacerbated by the Great Recession and a traditionally  
          higher cost of living than in other states, according to  
          several recent reports. "The State of Housing in California  
          2012: Affordability Worsens, Supply Problems Remain" notes  
          that despite six years of decline in housing prices,  
          California still lacks an adequate supply and mix of  
          housing, in the right locations, and affordable to  
          families, the workforce and special needs populations.<1>  
          Furthermore, it says, the affordability of rental housing  
          in many markets has gradually deteriorated due to falling  
          incomes and rising rents. 

          This assessment is echoed on a national level by a 2012  
          study by the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard  
          University.<2> That study found that there was increasing  
          demand for rental properties because of the recession and  
          continuing population growth, which was resulting in  
          increased rental prices.  It also found that the recent  
          economic turmoil underscored the many advantages of renting  
          and raised the barriers to homeownership, sparking a surge  
          in demand that has buoyed rental markets across the  
          country. At the same time, significant erosion in renter  
          incomes over the past decade has pushed the number of  
          people paying excessive shares of income for housing to  
          record levels. Assistance efforts have failed to keep pace  
          with this escalating need, undermining the nation's  
          longstanding goal of ensuring decent and affordable housing  
          for all. 
           
           According to the Harvard report, between the onset of the  
          Great Recession in 2007 and  2011, the number of very  
          low-income renters soared by 3.3 million while the number  
          able to obtain housing assistance expanded by just 225,000.  
          -------------------------
          <1>  
          http://www.hcd.ca.gov/hcd_state_of_housing_ca2012update0812. 
          pdf
          <2>  
          http://www.jchs.harvard.edu/sites/jchs.harvard.edu/files/ahr 
          2013_01-intro.pdf




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          As a result, the share of eligible households receiving  
          assistance shrank from 27.4 percent to 23.8 percent.
           Housing for Individuals With Developmental Disabilities
           
          As of March 2014, 74 percent of individuals served by  
          California's 21 regional centers were living in the homes  
          of their parents or guardians. Another 11 percent were in  
          community care facilities, while about 10 percent were  
          supported by independent living services. Just 4.5 percent  
          of all residents were residing in a developmental center,  
          nursing home or intermediate care facility. 

          According to a white paper issued by the Association of  
          Regional Center Agencies (ARCA) in 2009, there are multiple  
          issues that could force many of those people into the  
          housing market. "The high cost of housing in California and  
          the extremely low incomes of people with developmental  
          disabilities have forced people out of the housing market,"  
          according to the ARCA report,<3> which predicted that  
          thousands of people need and want affordable, safe living  
          options in the community. In March, the California Budget  
          Project released a report illustrating the gap between the  
          SSI/SSP grant for an individual and the fair market rent  
          for a studio apartment. In every county, the grant exceeds  
          50 percent of the benefit; in 13 counties it exceeds 100  
          percent.  

          (Chart removed due to technical issues.)

           
          Double referral

           This bill is double-referred to the Senate Transportation  
          and Housing Committee.
           
          Related Legislation
                                        
           SB 812 (Ashburn) Chapter 507, Statutes of 2010, requires  
          local governments to include in the special housing needs  
          analysis associated with their general plans, the needs of  
          -------------------------
          <3> Association of Regional Center Agencies, "Providing  
          Housing for People with Developmental Disabilities: An  
          Analysis of Current Practices and Programs, Guiding  
          Principles, Challenges and Recommendations," March 20,  
          2009.




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          individuals with a developmental disability within the  
          community.
           
          Comments:

              1.   The calculation of savings from individuals who are  
               moved from, or diverted from, a developmental center  
               or institution includes the subtraction of the average  
               cost of providing community support to a consumer.  
               Since consumers who transition from developmental  
               centers and institutions are typically at the higher  
               end of the service cost scale, it might be more  
               appropriate to subtract the average cost of services  
               for individuals who have moved from a developmental  
               center, or similar institution. 

             2.   This bill defines being at risk of housing  
               displacement to include a consumer who resides in  
               jail, who is placed in an inappropriate level of care,  
               who resides in substandard housing, or who can no  
               longer afford the cost of his or her current housing.  
               Additionally, the author's statement indicates a  
               concern about individuals who are displaced when their  
               aging parents no longer can care for them. It is not  
               clear that this would result in savings, but could be  
               included as an explanation in the findings and  
               declarations section. 

               The author may want to consider adding this language  
               to the findings and declarations section beginning on  
               page 2, line 10:

               (c) Establishing housing opportunities for individuals  
               with developmental disabilities who are at risk of  
               housing displacement  , including consumers whose   
               individual program plan identifies that he or she is  
               at risk of housing displacement and may include, but  
               is not limited to, a consumer who resides in jail, who  
               is placed in an inappropriate level of care, who  
               resides in substandard housing, whose family members  
               can no longer care for them at home, or who can no  
               longer afford the cost of his or her current housing.
                
               And deleting this language from the calculation of  
               savings section, beginning on page 4, line 34: 





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                4688.7. (c) (1) (iii)
               (I) The average annual cost of providing services to a  
               consumer who resides in an institution, less the  
               average annual cost of providing community support  
               services to a consumer who is placed in the community,  
               multiplied by the number of consumers who are at risk  
               of housing displacement.
               (II) For the purposes of this clause, a consumer is at  
               risk of housing displacement if his or her individual  
               program plan identifies that he or she is at risk of  
               housing displacement and may include, but is not  
               limited to, a consumer who resides in jail, who is  
               placed in an inappropriate level of care, who resides  
               in substandard   housing, or who can no longer afford  
               the cost of his or her current housing.
                
             3.   This bill inadvertently directs the Department of  
               Social Services instead of DDS to work with the  
               Department of Finance to calculate moneys to be  
               deposited into the fund. 

               Staff recommends the following amendment commencing on  
               page 5, line 6.
               
               4688.7. (c) (1) (C)  The Department of Finance, or the  
               other state agency designated by the Department of  
               Finance, shall work with the Department of  Social   
                Developmental  Services, regional centers, and other  
               entities, as appropriate, to obtain the data necessary  
               to make the  determination identified in subparagraph  
               (B).

             4.    Staff also recommends the following clarifying  
               amendment:

               4688.7 (c)(1)(B) The Department of Finance, or another  
               state entity designated by the Department of Finance,  
               shall annually determine  and deposit  the amount of the  
               moneys identified in subparagraph (A) by calculating  
               the sum of the following.

                                         







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                                   POSITIONS  

          Support:       Association of Regional Center Agencies  
          (sponsor)
                         Autism Society San Francisco
                         Center for Autism and Related Disorders
                         Sunflower Hill
                         1 Individual

          Oppose:   None received.






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