BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                   Senate Appropriations Committee Fiscal Summary
                            Senator Kevin de Le�n, Chair


          SB 1221 (Hancock) - After School Programs
          
          Amended: March 27, 2014         Policy Vote: Education 7-1
          Urgency: No                     Mandate: No
          Hearing Date: May 23, 2014      Consultant: Jacqueline  
          Wong-Hernandez
          
          SUSPENSE FILE. AS AMENDED.
          
          
          Bill Summary: SB 1221 modifies various requirements for  
          participation in the 21st Century Community Learning Centers  
          (21st CCLC) program and the After School Education and Safety  
          (ASES) program.

          Fiscal Impact: This bill may result in a loss of state General  
          Fund savings, to the extent that its creation of new types of  
          grants and of a minimum grant level allow more ASES funds to be  
          expended that could otherwise revert to the General Fund for  
          other Proposition 98 educational purposes.  
              Cost pressure: The ASES and 21st CCLC grant programs are  
              highly competitive funding sources with supplemental  
              school-site based programs. A small fraction of applicants  
              actually receive funding, and there is more demand each year  
              than can be funded. This bill creates new grants to draw  
              from the same funding source, which puts pressure on the  
              existing funding. The bill also creates a minimum grant  
              funding level that is higher than small programs would have  
              been awarded under the existing per-pupil funding formula,  
              which adds pressure on an existing source that is already  
              insufficient to fund most requests.
              Minor cost savings: To the extent that the new reporting  
              requirements streamline the California Department of  
              Education's (CDE) grant monitoring activities, there will be  
              minor workload savings to the department.  

          Background: The 21st CCLC and ASES programs are both school-site  
          based programs operating outside of school hours, and are  
          administered by the CDE. The 21st CCLC is a federally funded  
          before and after school program that provides disadvantaged K-12  
          students with academic enrichment and support. It is very  
          similar to the state-funded ASES program, and 21st CCLCs often  








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          operate in tandem with ASES programs. Programs are funded  
          through a highly competitive grant process. In 2013-14,  
          applicants requested over $122 million in 21st CCLC program  
          funding, and a total of $22 million was awarded. Of the 122  
          applications submitted, 30 applications were funded (operating  
          at 172 school-sites).

          ASES programs receive direct state grants, where attendance is  
          projected and grants are funded up-front, in three 1-year  
          increments. Each school that establishes an ASES program is  
          eligible to receive a 3-year direct grant that is awarded in  
          three 1-year increments and is subject to semiannual attendance  
          reporting and other requirements. ASES receives $550 million  
          annually, from the General Fund.
          
          The maximum annual direct grant awarded an after school program  
          is $112,500 for each regular school year for elementary schools  
          and $150,000 for middle schools (based on a formula of $7.50 per  
          student per day of attendance, at a maximum of $37.50 per  
          student per week). The maximum total annual grant for a before  
          school program is $37,500 for each regular school year for  
          elementary schools and $49,000 for middle schools (based on  
          formula of $5 per student per day of attendance, at a maximum of  
          $25 per student per week).

          Schools are also eligible for a supplemental grant to operate a  
          3-hour program in excess of 180 days or during any combination  
          of summer, intersession, or vacation for the lesser of $7.50 per  
          student per day or 30% of the total grant amount awarded to the 
          school per school year. Supplemental grants are also available  
          to operate a 6-hour program providing a maximum of 30% of the  
          total grant amount. (Education Code � 8482-8484.6)
          
          Proposed Law: This bill makes changes to both the ASES and 21st  
          CCLC programs, and creates new funding options for schools  
          competing for grant funding through those programs. 

          With regard to ASES, this bill: 1) establishes a new minimum  
          grant, as specified; 2) establishes maximum total summer grant  
          amounts for 3-hour programs; 3) modifies the maximum summer  
          grant for 6-hours programs; 4) authorizes funding for  
          transportation to be provided to an ASES program operated in a  
          qualifying rural area; and, 5) changes references of "direct  
          grants" to "after school grants" and of "supplemental grants" to  








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          "summer grants."  
           
          With regard to 21st CCLC, this bill: 1) gives priority to grant  
          applications that will provide year-round expanded learning  
          programs, but allows grants for a summer-only component; 2)  
          provides greater flexibility for using funds previously  
          earmarked for family literacy programming; and, 3) modifies  
          criteria used in determining priority funding, and deletes a  
          requirement for outcome-based data to be annually submitted to  
          CDE, as specified.

          This bill changes reporting requirements and procedures for ASES  
          and 21st CCLC, and 
          requires the CDE to submit a biennial report to the Legislature  
          related to the students attending expanded learning programs,  
          and the quality of those programs. 

          Staff Comments: This bill is unlikely to result in direct state  
          costs, because its changes impact two fixed "pots" of grant  
          money: state ASES funds and federal 21st CCLC funds. Certain  
          changes required in this bill, such as program performance goals  
          and grant application contents, could change grant award  
          outcomes for individual programs. In a competitive grant  
          process, changes to grant priorities necessarily affect the  
          distribution of resources, but it is not clear what the effects  
          would be for the existing grantees. Of particular fiscal note  
          among the ASES and 21st CCLC changes proposed, however, is the  
          creation of three new "types" of grants (two ASES and one 21st  
          CCLC) that would ostensibly be funded within the existing funds.  
          Staff notes that ASES funding is continuously appropriated  
          outside of the annual Budget Act, but that the Legislature and  
          Governor could choose to augment the amount guaranteed by  
          Proposition 49 in the state's annual budget process. 

          The bill's first new type of grant is its "minimum grant amount"  
          for ASES programs. This bill would set a funding floor for each  
          program based on the attendance rate for 20 students, regardless  
          of the number of students that actually attend. The bill's  
          intent is to fund a baseline cost for administering a program  
          (i.e. staff costs), to address the difficulty of running a small  
          (low-attendance) program based on a dollar amount per attendee.  
          This change would enable programs that serve less than 20  
          students to receive grant funding sufficient to cover their  
          relatively higher overhead costs. It is likely to result in  








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          additional grant applications from programs that could not have  
          afforded to operate otherwise, and create additional cost  
          pressure on ASES funds. Staff notes that this could also result  
          in a program serving 10 students receiving the same grant amount  
          as a neighboring program serving double the number of students.

          This second type of new grant is the authorization for ASES  
          funding to be used for "transportation grants" of up to $25,000  
          for each qualifying rural school-site. Dedicated transportation  
          funding will likely allow more isolated programs to generate  
          higher attendance, and more remote school-sites to be able to  
          offer ASES programs. It is unclear how the CDE will administer  
          the transportation grants, how extensive the grants will be, and  
          the degree to which these grants will put cost pressure on  
          program funds. Funding new transportation grants from a pot of  
          money that already has far more grant applications than can be  
          funded creates cost pressure on those funds, but CDE  
          implementation will determine the precise level of that impact. 

          The third type of new grant is the authorization of applicants  
          for 21st CCLC grants to apply for summer-only program funding.  
          This change will result in additional grant applications that  
          were previously not allowed, by permitting funding for a summer  
          program that is not tied to a school-year program. Because the  
          bill specifies that priority will be given to programs that  
          offer school-year and summer programs (which are the only  
          allowable summer grantees), the effect of this change is  
          unclear. 

          Author's amendments limit transportation grants to a maximum of  
          $15,000, and further limit grants to the amount actually spent  
          by the districts receiving grants. The amendments also limit  
          reporting requirements, and make clarifying program changes.