BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                               SB 1228
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                              Senator Jerry Hill, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 1228
           AUTHOR:     Hueso
           AMENDED:    March 27, 2014
           FISCAL:     Yes               HEARING DATE:     April 30, 2014
           URGENCY:    No                CONSULTANT:    Rebecca Newhouse
            
           SUBJECT  :    TRADE CORRIDORS IMPROVEMENT FUND
           
            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  :

           1) Under the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006  
              (commonly referred to as AB 32), requires the Air Resources  
              Board (ARB) to determine the 1990 statewide greenhouse gas  
              (GHG) emissions level and approve a statewide GHG emissions  
              limit that is equivalent to that level, to be achieved by  
              2020, and to adopt GHG emissions reductions measures by  
              regulation.  ARB is authorized to include the use of  
              market-based mechanisms to comply with these regulations.   
              (Health and Safety Code �38500 et seq.).

           2) Establishes the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF) in the  
              State Treasury and requires all moneys, except for fines and  
              penalties, collected pursuant to a market-based mechanism be  
              deposited in the fund and requires the Department of  
              Finance, in consultation with the state board and any other  
              relevant state agency, to develop, as specified, a  
              three-year investment plan for the moneys deposited in GGRF.  
               (Government Code �16428.8).

           3) Requires moneys from GGRF be used to facilitate the  
              achievement of reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in  
              this state consistent with the California Global Warming  
              Solutions Act of 2006, and authorizes those funds to be  
              allocated for the purpose of reducing GHG emissions in this  
              state through investments that may include strategic  
              planning and development of sustainable infrastructure  
              projects, including transportation and housing.  (Health and  









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              Safety Code �39712).

           4) Pursuant to the Highway Safety, Traffic Reduction, Air  
              Quality, and Port Security Bond Act of 2006 (Proposition  
              1B), establishes the Trade Corridors Improvement Fund (TCIF)  
              and provides for transfer of $2 billion of general  
              obligation bond proceeds to TCIF for infrastructure  
              improvements along federally designated Trade Corridors of  
              National Significance or other high-volume freight corridors  
              in California as determined by the California Transportation  
              Commission (CTC).  (Government Code �8879.23 et seq.).

            This bill  :

           1)Continues the existence of TCIF indefinitely in order to  
              receive funds from non-Proposition 1B sources, and governs  
              the distribution of non-Proposition 1B funds.

           2)Requires CTC, when allocating any GGRF monies transferred to  
              TCIF, to require these projects to demonstrate how they will  
              reduce emissions consistent with the goals and objectives of  
              GGRF.

           3)Requires CTC to allocate non-Proposition 1B monies in TCIF  
              for infrastructure improvements along federally designated  
              "Trade Corridors of National Significance" or other  
              high-volume freight corridors in California, as determined  
              by CTC.

           4)Requires CTC to allocate TCIF funds in a manner that  
              addresses the state's most urgent needs, balances the  
              demands of various land ports of entry and seaports,  
              provides reasonable geographic balance among the state's  
              regions, and prioritizes projects that improve trade  
              corridor mobility while reducing emissions of diesel  
              particulate and other pollutant emissions.

           5)Requires the CTC, when allocating TCIF funds, to consider the  
              speed and volume of large cargo traveling through the  
              distribution system, a reasonably consistent and predictable  
              amount of time for cargo to travel from one point to another  
              within the system, and a reduction in the recurrent daily  
              hours of delay.









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           6) Requires the CTC to incorporate into its annual report to  
              the Legislature a summary of its TCIF-related activities,  
              including, at a minimum, a description and location of the  
              projects funded by TCIF, the status of each project, and a  
              description of the mobility and air-quality improvements the  
              program is achieving.

            COMMENTS  :

            1)Purpose of Bill  .  The author states that California's land  
             and sea ports of entry serve as key international commercial  
             gateways for the more than $500 billion in products entering  
             and exiting the United States each year.  Long wait times at  
             border ports of entry delay access to intermediary goods,  
             lead to problems in the manufacturing chain, and create  
             significant negative traffic congestion and air-quality  
             impacts.  The author states that in order to leverage fully  
             California's trade-related economic opportunities, the state  
             needs a modern, robust, and multimodal goods movement  
             network.  Investing in infrastructure improvements at sea  
             ports of entry can help federally designated marine highways  
             provide large reductions in GHG emissions and air pollutants,  
             relieve traffic congestion and wear and tear on highways, and  
             provide an influx of economic activity throughout the state.   


           This bill provides that to the extent GGRF cap-and-trade money  
             is allocated to TCIF, projects funded with that money must  
             demonstrate how they will reduce GHG emissions consistent  
             with the goals and objectives of GGRF.

            2)Cap-and-trade auction revenue .  ARB has conducted six  
             auctions of GHG emission allowances so far. These auctions  
             have resulted in approximately $663 million in proceeds to  
             the state.  Several bills in 2012 provided legislative  
             direction for the expenditure of auction proceeds including  
             the following: 

              a)   SB 535 (de Leon), Chapter 830, Statutes of 2012,  
                requires that 25% of auction revenue be used to benefit  
                disadvantaged communities and requires that 10% of auction  
                revenue be invested in disadvantaged communities.









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              b)   AB 1532 (J. Perez), Chapter 807, Statutes of 2012,  
                directs the Department of Finance to develop and  
                periodically update a three-year investment plan that  
                identifies feasible and cost-effective GHG emission  
                reduction investments to be funded with cap-and-trade  
                auction revenues. AB 1532 specifies that reduction of GHG  
                emissions through strategic planning and development of  
                sustainable infrastructure projects, are eligible  
                investments of GGRF. 

              c)   SB 1018 (Budget Committee), Chapter 39, Statutes of  
                2012, created the GGRF, into which all auction revenue is  
                to be deposited. The legislation requires that before  
                departments can spend monies from GGRF, they must prepare  
                a record specifying: (1) how the expenditures will be  
                used, (2) how the expenditures will further the purposes  
                of AB 32, (3) how the expenditures will achieve GHG  
                emission reductions, (4) how the department considered  
                other non-GHG-related objectives, and (5) how the  
                department will document the results of the expenditures.

            3)Legal consideration of cap-and-trade auction revenues  . The  
             2012-13 budget analysis of cap-and-trade auction revenue by  
             the Legislative Analyst's Office noted that, based on an  
             opinion from the Office of Legislative Counsel, the auction  
             revenues should be considered mitigation fee revenues, and  
             their use requires that a clear nexus exist between an  
             activity for which a mitigation fee is used and the adverse  
             effects related to the activity on which that fee is levied.  
             Therefore, in order for their use to be valid as mitigation  
             fees, revenues from the cap-and-trade auction must be used to  
             mitigate GHG emissions or the harms caused by GHG emissions.

            4)AB 32 auction revenue investment plan  . The first three-year  
             investment plan for cap-and-trade auction proceeds, submitted  
             by Department of Finance, in consultation with ARB and other  
             state agencies in May of last year, identified sustainable  
             communities and clean transportation as one of the key  
             sectors that provide the best opportunities for achieving the  
             legislative goals and supporting the purposes of AB 32. The  
             plan recommended the aforementioned sector receive the  
             largest allocation of funds from the GGRF. The other two  









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             areas recommended for auction revenue allocation in the  
             investment plan are energy efficiency and clean energy, and  
             natural resources and waste diversion. 

           In particular, the investment plan lists rail modernization and  
             system integration, public transit with connectivity to rail,  
             livable communities and transit-oriented development, and  
             low-carbon freight equipment, zero-emission passenger  
             transportation as examples of projects in the sustainable  
             communities and clean transportation sector.

            5)Proposition 1B and TCIF  .  SB 1266 (Perata), Chapter 25,  
             Statutes of 2006, authorized the sale of nearly $20B in  
             general obligation bonds for transportation projects, upon  
             voter approval.  In November 2006, voters approved  
             Proposition 1B, the Highway Safety, Traffic Reduction, Air  
             Quality, and Port Security Bond Act of 2006.  Proposition 1B  
             authorized the issuance of $19.9B in general obligation bonds  
             to fund transportation projects to relieve congestion,  
             improve the movement of goods, improve air quality, and  
             enhance the safety and security of the transportation system.

           Proposition 1B created the TCIF and funded it with $2B of the  
             total bond proceeds.  Proposition 1B directed the Legislature  
             to appropriate these funds for infrastructure improvements  
             along federally designated "Trade Corridors of National  
             Significance" or other high-volume freight corridors in  
             California as determined by CTC.  Proposition 1B required  
             CTC, in determining project eligibility, to consult the state  
             trade infrastructure and goods movement plan, the trade  
             infrastructure and goods movement plans adopted by regional  
             transportation planning agencies, regional transportation  
             plans, and the statewide port master plan.  Proposition 1B  
             provided that eligible projects included, but were not  
             limited to, improvements to highway capacity and operations,  
             the freight rail system, ports, truck corridors, and border  
             access, as well as to surface transportation to facilitate  
             goods movement to and from airports.

           Although CTC has fully programmed the entire $2B of Proposition  
             1B funds in the TCIF, it has been able to program additional  
             projects as savings have materialized.  CTC has extended the  
             program by two years, to fiscal year 2015-16, to take  









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             advantage of any further contract savings that may occur.

           The Legislative Analyst's Office Analysis of the 2008-09 Budget  
             Bill noted that prior to Proposition 1B, the state did not  
             dedicate transportation funding specifically to trade  
             corridor mobility; furthermore, the state had not  
             traditionally provided state funds for projects such as  
             freight rail improvements.  CTC decided to try to establish  
             TCIF as an ongoing program, rather than a one-time bond  
             program.  CTC adopted the initial TCIF program of 79  
             projects, totaling $3.1 billion, in April 2008 - deliberately  
             over-programming TCIF in anticipation of additional revenue  
             sources becoming available, including State Highway Account  
             funds.  Additional revenue did not materialize due to  
             economic conditions, and CTC ended up working with  
             stakeholders to eliminate the over-programming.  

           No uncommitted Proposition 1B monies remain in the TCIF, nor  
             does this bill appropriate further funds to the TCIF.  This  
             bill cites cap-and-trade monies as a potential funding  
             source. 
            
            6)Governor's budget proposal  . The Governor's 2014-15 budget  
             proposal appropriates $850 million dollars in cap-and-trade  
             revenue to fund projects including rail modernization,  
             sustainable communities, low carbon transportation, water and  
             energy efficiency, watershed and wetlands restoration and  
             waste diversion.  For low carbon transportation, the proposal  
             allocates $200 million for the ARB to accelerate the  
             transition to low carbon freight and passenger  
             transportation, with a priority for disadvantaged  
             communities. 

             SB 1228, opening up the Trade Corridors Improvement Fund, to  
             accept funds from sources other than Bond money, specifies  
             various eligible projects including highway capacity  
             improvements to more efficiently move freight, improvements  
             to enhance the ability to move goods from land ports and  
             seaports to distribution centers, projects to enhance the  
             capacity and efficiency of land ports, and other goods  
             movement efficiency measures.  

             The above projects are consistent with the Governor's  









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             proposal and the cap-and-trade investment plan to the extent  
             that these projects promote low-carbon freight, and result in  
             GHGs emission reduction from the medium and heavy-duty  
             vehicle sector. 
            
             7)Proposals to expend cap and trade auction revenues . There are  
             a number of bills this session that propose to spend cap and  
             trade auction revenues for new or existing programs.  
             Concurrently, the Governor's budget proposal appropriates  
             $850 million auction revenues for various GHG emission  
             reduction programs in several agencies, and Pro Tempore  
             Steinberg has released an alternate proposal on a long-range  
             cap-and-trade revenue investment plan. There will need to be  
             coordination among authors as these measures move forward so  
             that these proposals create a cohesive investment strategy  
             for maximizing GHG emission reductions and project  
             cobenefits.  

            8)Double-referral  .  This bill is double-referred to the  
             Committees on Transportation & Housing and Environmental  
             Quality.  The bill was heard in the Transportation & Housing  
             Committee on April 22, 2014, and passed out with a vote of  
             10-0.

            SOURCE  :        San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce  

           SUPPORT  :       None on file  

           OPPOSITION  :    None on file