BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1310
          Author:   Lara (D)
          Amended:  As introduced
          Vote:     21


           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 4/1/14
          AYES:  Hancock, Anderson, Knight, Liu, Mitchell, Steinberg
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  De Le�n


           SUBJECT  :    Misdemeanors:  maximum sentence

           SOURCE  :     California Attorneys for Criminal Justice
                      Californians for Safety and Justice
                      Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles
                      Latino Coalition for a Healthy California
                      Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides that an offense punishable by up  
          to one year in county jail is punishable by a period not to  
          exceed 364 days.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

          1.Provides that except in cases where a different punishment is  
            prescribed, the punishment for a felony is 16 months, two or  
            three years in state prison, unless as specified.

          2.Provides that except where a different punishment is  
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            prescribed every offense declared to be a misdemeanor is  
            punishable by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding  
            six months or by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
          This bill provides that every offense which is prescribed by any  
          law of the state to be punishable by imprisonment in a county  
          jail up to or not exceeding one year shall be punishable by  
          imprisonment in a county jail for a period not to exceed 364  
          days.

           Comments
           
          According to the author's office:

               Legal immigrants have always been subject to deportation,  
               if they commit specified crimes determined by federal  
               statute.  In 1996 Congress enacted the Illegal Immigration  
               Reform and Immigration Responsibility Act, which expanded  
               the list of crimes that a legal immigrant can be deported  
               for to include an aggravated felony.  Under immigration  
               law, an aggravated felony is a term of art that can apply  
               to crimes that are neither aggravated or a felony.

               Under the U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act, aggravated  
               felonies fall into two categories:  specific crimes that  
               federal law has determined trigger deportation and crimes  
               that are deportable if the defendant receives a 365-day  
               sentence, regardless of the time served.  The time imposed  
               by the court, irrespective of whether the time is suspended  
               or not, is considered part of the sentence.  As a result, a  
               legal immigrant convicted of a crime and sentenced to 365  
               days with 362 days suspended, who served only three days in  
               jail, would have a one year sentence as defined under  
               federal law and face deportation.

               Prior to 1996, legal immigrants had the opportunity to  
               challenge their deportation before a judge.  Currently,  
               those deported have no legal way to reenter the U.S., even  
               if they were legal residents and have an American spouse.   
               Washington, Nevada, and Illinois have all passed  
               legislation to address this problem.

               As a result of the one year sentence deportation policy,  
               thousands of families are torn apart every year due to  
               minor crimes, such as writing a bad check.  Those deported  

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               often leave behind families and children who depend on them  
               for support.  From 2010 through 2012 the U.S. Immigration  
               and Customs Enforcement deported 204,000 immigrant parents  
               from the U.S., which accounted for 23% of the total number  
               of deportations during that time period.  Many of those  
               deported for minor offenses are longtime legal permanent  
               residents of California, with deep connections to their  
               families and communities.

               SB 1310 will reduce the maximum possible misdemeanor  
               sentence from one year to 364 days, so that deportation  
               eligibility will not be triggered for a legal immigrant who  
               commits a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for one  
               year.

               This bill will not affect immigration enforcement and  
               people who are in California unlawfully or have committed  
               serious crimes will still face deportation.  This bill will  
               preserve judicial discretion and ensure legal residents who  
               have committed minor crimes are not automatically subject  
               to deportation and separated from their families.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No   Local:  
           No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/1/14)

          California Attorneys for Criminal Justice (co-source)
          Californians for Safety and Justice (co-source)
          Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles (co-source)
          Latino Coalition for a Healthy California (co-source)
          Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (co-source)
          American Civil Liberties Union
          Asian Americans Advancing Justice
          California Applicants' Attorneys Association
          California Catholic Conference
          California Coalition for Women Prisoners
          California Immigrant Policy Center
          California Partnership
          California Public Defenders Association
          Californians United for a Responsible Budget
          Center for Juvenile and Criminal Justice
          Children's Defense Fund-California
          Educators for Fair Consideration

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          Ella Baker Center for Human Rights
          Friends Committee on Legislation of California
          Legal Services for Prisoners with Children
          Services, Immigrant Rights & Education Network


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Friends Committee on Legislation  
          states, by limiting the maximum sentence for all misdemeanors to  
          364 days, SB 1310 will protect the 27% of California's  
          population who are immigrants (the vast majority of who are  
          either naturalized or living here under some form of legal  
          status) from having deportation proceedings triggered for a  
          misdemeanor conviction.  This will keep countless families from  
          being torn apart by deportation.


          JG:e  4/1/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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