BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �





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          |                                                                 |
          |         SENATE COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES AND WATER         |
          |                   Senator Fran Pavley, Chair                    |
          |                    2013-2014 Regular Session                    |
          |                                                                 |
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          BILL NO: SB 1319                   HEARING DATE: April 8, 2014
          AUTHOR: Pavley                     URGENCY: No
          VERSION: April 2, 2014             CONSULTANT: Katharine Moore
          DUAL REFERRAL: Environmental QualityFISCAL: Yes
          SUBJECT: Oil spills: oil spill prevention and response.
          
          BACKGROUND AND EXISTING LAW
          1.In response to concern following significant oil spills, the  
            Legislature passed the Lempert-Keene-Seastrand Oil Spill  
            Prevention and Response Act (Act) (SB 2040, c. 1248, Statutes  
            of 1990) (Government Code (GOV) �8670.1 et seq., and others).  
            The act created the Office of Spill Prevention and Response  
            (OSPR) in the Department of Fish and Wildlife. OSPR's mission  
            is to provide the best achievable protection (GOV �8670.3) of  
            California's natural resources and the public health and  
            safety by preventing, preparing for, and responding to spills  
            of oil and other deleterious materials; and to restore and  
            enhance affected resources.

          2.The act also established the Oil Spill Technical Advisory  
            Committee (TAC) with specified membership.  The TAC is charged  
            with providing recommendations to the OSPR administrator and  
            other specified state entities regarding implementation of the  
            act.

          3.The source of crude oil and method of its transportation into  
            the state may be in the process of significant changes.  The  
            recent development of large oil fields in North Dakota, Texas  
            and other North American locations has led to a surge in rail  
            transport of crude oil.  The chemical and physical properties  
            of at least some of these crude oils are different from  
            "typical" crude oils - it may be more volatile, flammable and  
            corrosive.

          4.Recent derailments of trains carrying this crude oil in some  
            instances resulted in unanticipated explosions, extensive  
            fires, and in some instances, significant environmental and  
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            property damage costing in the billions of dollars and loss of  
            life.

          5.Significant shifts in the mode of transportation of crude oil  
            into and within California are expected to occur in the near  
            future. Previously most crude oil imported into California  
            arrived by marine vessel. According to the Brown  
            Administration, the volume of oil transported by rail is  
            anticipated to increase to up to 150 million barrels per year  
            by 2016. This would be 25% of all the crude oil refined in  
            California.

          6.This shift in transportation mode - with an accompanying shift  
            in the source of the oil being refined in the state - means  
            that the nature of the risks associated with oil spills as  
            well as the likely locations of spills is also changing.

          PROPOSED LAW
          This bill would require the TAC to monitor and evaluate changes  
          in the modes of crude oil transportation into and within the  
          state and the properties of the oil carried in order to identify  
          any necessary changes in oil spill response and preparedness  
          programs.

          The bill would further make some technical clean-up changes to  
          the act.

          ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT
          According to the author, "the state's oil spill response program  
          is designed for oil imports to be transported by ship or barge.   
          If the projected increases in rail transport of oil occur, it  
          will be necessary to review the state's plans for oil spill  
          response to ensure that all contingencies are accounted for.   
          The same is true if the properties of the oil changes.  The  
          first responders shouldn't be surprised by what they find in the  
          event of a spill.  My bill aims to prevent that from happening  
          by specifically requiring the TAC to keep track of how the crude  
          oil is moving and what its properties are.  TAC has the existing  
          authority and expertise.  It's important that the state and its  
          responders be prepared in order to most effectively respond to  
          spills to protect the health and safety of our communities and  
          the environment."

          ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION
          None received

          COMMENTS 
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           This bill is a work-in-progress  .  The author intends to make  
          further amendments to this bill to provide additional direction  
          to the OSPR program should this bill pass the Committee.  

           Trains and boats and planes?   The most efficient and  
          cost-effective method to import crude oil into the state is  
          likely to continue to change over time.  Oil produced from  
          yet-to-be-discovered fields may also have different properties  
          than the mix of crude oils used now.  The ongoing direction to  
          the TAC to specifically monitor and evaluate both is  
          appropriate.

           Changes to OSPR proposed through the budget  .  The Brown  
          Administration has proposed significant changes to the existing  
          OSPR program through the FY 2014-15 Budget to address the  
          expected increase of crude oil transport by rail. The proposed  
          Budget Change Proposal (BCP) expands the current oil spill  
          prevention and response program focused on marine waters inland  
          to include all waters of the state. According to the BCP, about  
          half of all inland spills are oil spills. Given the proximity of  
          rail lines to California's waterways, the risk of contamination  
          following a rail accident is high. The Administration's proposal  
          would require the implementation of a statewide inland oil spill  
          program encompassing oil-related facilities and oil  
          transporters. The proposal would extend to inland waters  
          features of the current marine oil spill program and makes  
          additional changes in the funding mechanism, the TAC and other  
          program features.
           
          Relevant recent informational hearings  .  Two informational  
          hearings were recently held regarding rail and the transport of  
          crude oil into the state.  The first, focused on rail and the  
          regulation of rail, was convened by the Senate Energy, Utilities  
          and Communication Committee on February 24, 2014.  The second,  
          focused on emergency response to rail accidents, was a joint  
          hearing of this Committee and the Senate Environmental Quality  
          Committee on March 19, 2014.  Hearing materials are available  
          for both.



          SUPPORT
          None Received
          

          OPPOSITION
          None Received
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