BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1322
          Author:   Hernandez (D)
          Amended:  4/1/14
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/24/14
          AYES:  Hernandez, Beall, De Le�n, DeSaulnier, Evans, Monning,  
            Wolk
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Morrell, Nielsen

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 5/23/14
          AYES:  De Le�n, Gaines, Hill, Lara, Padilla, Steinberg
          NOES:  Walters


            SUBJECT  :    California Health Care Quality Improvement and Cost  
                      Containment Commission

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the Governor to convene the  
          California Health Care Quality Improvement and Cost Containment  
          Commission (Commission) to research and recommend appropriate  
          and timely strategies for promoting high-quality care and  
          containing health care costs.  Requires the Commission to be  
          composed of 13 members who are knowledgeable about the health  
          care system and health care spending.

           ANALYSIS  :   Existing law establishes health care coverage  
          programs to provide health care to segments of the population  
          meeting specified criteria who are otherwise unable to obtain  
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          coverage and provides for the licensure and regulation of health  
          insurers and health care service plans.


          This bill:

           1. Requires the Governor to convene the Commission to research  
             and recommend appropriate and timely strategies for promoting  
             high-quality care and containing health care costs.  Requires  
             the Commission to be composed of 13 members who are  
             knowledgeable about the health care system and health care  
             spending.

           2. Requires the Governor to appoint five members of the  
             Commission (including the chairperson), the Senate Rules  
             Committee to appoint three members, and the Speaker of the  
             Assembly to appoint three members.  Requires the membership  
             to be comprised of at least one of each of the following:

              A.    A representative of California's business community;
              B.    A representative from organized labor;
              C.    A representative of consumers;
              D.    A health care practitioner;
              E.    A hospital industry representative;
              F.    A representative of the health insurance industry;
              G.    A representative of the legal community with expertise  
                in health and ethics;
              H.    A representative of persons with disabilities; and
              I.    A health care economist.

           3. Requires the Secretary of the California Health and Human  
             Services Agency (HHSA) and the Executive Director of Covered  
             California to serve as members of the Commission.

           4. Requires the Commission, on or before July 1, 2015, or  
             within six months of the convening of the Commission,  
             whichever occurs later, to issue a report to the Legislature  
             and the Governor making recommendations for health care  
             quality improvement and cost containment.  Specifies the  
             issues that the Commission must examine, at a minimum,  
             including health care needs and available resources,  
             containing costs, improving quality, increasing cost  
             transparency, use of disease management, wellness,  
             prevention, and other innovative programs, consolidation of  

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             existing state programs, and efficient utilization of  
             prescription drugs and technology.

           5. Prohibits the Commission from being convened until  
             sufficient private or federal funds have been received and  
             appropriated for that purpose.

           Background
           
          While reports indicate that health care costs are increasing at  
          a slower rate in recent years, health care still accounts for  
          over 17% of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product and health care  
          costs continue to consume significantly large percentages of  
          federal, state, and personal budgets.  Whereas most sectors keep  
          pace with the overall economy, health care continues to grow at  
          higher rates than inflation.  According to the 2013 Health Care  
          Almanac on health care costs published by the California  
          HealthCare Foundation (CHCF), the average annual growth rate has  
          declined since 1981 and has remained flat over the last three  
          years at a historic low of 3.9%.  Health spending in 2011 was  
          only slightly higher than inflation.  Annual average health care  
          spending has been in the single digits (as compared to double  
          digits) for the last two decades, influenced recently by the  
          recession.  However, some provisions of the Affordable Care Act  
          (ACA) are expected to cause a one-time spike in growth.  

          According to a May 2012 Primer published by the Kaiser Family  
          Foundation, the U.S. spends substantially more on health care  
          than other developed countries.  In 2009, U.S. spending was 90%  
          higher than many other industrialized countries.  Some  
          researchers believe the U.S. pays more for health care because  
          prices are higher, technology is more readily available, and  
          Americans have greater rates of chronic disease.  The CHCF  
          almanac indicates that hospital and physician services account  
          for just over half of U.S. health care expenditures.   
          Prescription drugs account for another 10%.

           Massachusetts  .  In 2006, Massachusetts was the first state in  
          the nation to implement comprehensive health care reform.  The  
          Health Care Quality and Cost Council (HCQCC) was created as part  
          of the authorizing legislation.  The HCQCC was charged to  
          "establish statewide goals for improving health care quality,  
          containing health care costs, and reducing racial and ethnic  
          disparities in health care; and to demonstrate progress towards  

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          achieving those goals."  The HCQCC developed a "Roadmap to Cost  
          Containment," which was included in its Final Report, issued on  
          October 21, 2009.  The Roadmap recommended:

           1. Comprehensive payment reform;
           2. Support of system-wide redesign efforts;
           3. Widespread adoption and use of health information  
             technology; 
           4. Implementation of evidence-based health insurance coverage  
             informed by comparative effectiveness research;
           5. Implementation of additional health insurance plan design  
             innovations to promote high value care;
           6. Development of health resource planning capabilities;
           7. Enactment of malpractice reform and peer review statutes;
           8. Implementation of administrative simplification measures;
           9. Consumer engagement efforts;
           10.Emphasis on the prevention of illness and the promotion of  
             good health; and 
           11.Increased transparency.

          In 2008, Massachusetts passed An Act to Promote Cost  
          Containment, Transparency and Efficiency in the Delivery of  
          Quality Health Care, which authorized the Attorney General (AG)  
          to review and analyze the reasons why health care costs continue  
          to increase faster than general inflation.  The AG issued its  
          first report regarding cost trends and cost drivers in the  
          Massachusetts market in March 2010.  The report examined whether  
          the existing health care market has successfully contained  
          health care costs, and found the answer to be an unequivocal no.  
           According to the AG, the market players (insurers, providers,  
          or the businesses and consumers who pay for health insurance)  
          had not effectively controlled costs, in part, because the  
          prices negotiated between insurers and providers were not  
          designed to encourage or reward provider efficiency.  The  
          resulting market dysfunction has threatened the viability of  
          efficient providers, who have lost ground on payment rates while  
          also losing patient volume to higher priced competitors.  A  
          second report, issued in June 2011, stated that Massachusetts  
          continued to face significant challenges in addressing market  
          dysfunction and in shifting who health care is purchased to  
          align payments with value, measured by factors the market should  
          reward, such as better quality.  The report concluded that  
          policymakers should focus on these two foundational questions in  
          considering strategies to contain health care costs: how can  

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          market function be improved and how can care coordination be  
          improved.

           Prior Legislation
           
          AB 1528 (Cohn, Frommer, and Pacheco, Chapter 672, Statutes of  
          2003) contained provisions substantially similar to this bill  
          and was a companion to SB 2 (Burton and Speier, Chapter 673,  
          Statutes of 2003).  SB 2 enacted the Health Insurance Act of  
          2003 to provide health coverage to specified individuals (and in  
          some cases their dependents) who do not receive job-based  
          coverage and who work for large and medium employers, as  
          defined.  SB 2 imposed a fee on employers, as specified, and  
          made available a credit against that fee for employers who  
          provide coverage.  Both bills contained contingent enactment  
          provisions, meaning that each would only take effect if the  
          other did.  Proposition 72, a referendum on the new coverage  
          requirements under SB 2, was subsequently approved by the voters  
          in 2004 and that law was repealed.  Therefore, AB 1528 was never  
          implemented.  

          AB 2967 (Lieber, 2008) would have established a Health Care Cost  
          and Quality Transparency Committee to develop and recommend to  
          the Secretary of HHSA a health care cost and quality  
          transparency plan, and would have made the Secretary responsible  
          for the timely implementation of the transparency plan.  AB 2967  
          died on the Senate Inactive File.

          AB 1X1 (Nunez, 2007) among many other provisions relating to  
          health care reform, contained nearly identical language as that  
          contained in AB 2967.  AB 1X1 failed passage in the Senate  
          Health Committee.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee, one-time costs  
          of at least $500,000 for staff to support the Commission,  
          research health care cost and quality issues, and develop  
          recommendations and reports (private funds or federal funds).   
          Given the complexity of health care financing and the very  
          significant financial interests in any change to health care  
          financing, there is likely to be significant interest by  
          stakeholders in the recommendations of the Commission.  It is  

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          likely that significant staff support will be necessary to  
          accommodate interest by stakeholders and to provide information  
          on this issue to Commission members.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/22/14)

          California Association of Health Plans
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Labor Federation
          California Primary Care Association
          Health Access California
          Kaiser Permanente
          Local Health Plans of California
          Northern California Carpenters Regional Council
          San Diego Electrical Health and Welfare Trust

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/22/14)

          Department of Finance

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The California Primary Care Association  
          writes that health care costs continue to rise and we must fund  
          innovative ways to bend this cost curve.  Local Health Plans of  
          California states that the overall success and long-term  
          viability of the ACA will be based on finding methods to drive  
          greater quality and value in our state's health care system.   
          The California Association of Health Plans (CAHP) states that  
          while growth in spending has slowed over the past years, it has  
          continued to outpace both inflation and economic growth - and  
          the rate of growth is expected to nearly double in 2014.  CAHP  
          writes that health plans, medical providers and individuals all  
          play an important role in helping to contain and lower costs in  
          every area whether it be chronic disease and obesity, expensive  
          new technology, or unnecessary tests and treatments.  The  
          California Labor Federation states that this bill will start to  
          address the complex and urgent issues facing consumers,  
          purchasers, and the state in health care and that a state  
          commission of expert stakeholders will be able to delve into the  
          cost drivers in health care, look at quality measurements, and  
          identify innovative strategies to contain costs and increase  
          quality - delivering the greatest value health care to  
          Californians.  Kaiser Permanente writes that they see tremendous  
          value in a multi-stakeholder process to develop a mechanism to  
          make available meaningful, actionable information to support key  

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          transparency, quality improvement and cost containment  
          initiatives.  

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The Department of Finance (DOF) is  
          opposed to this bill because the Commission's activities are  
          redundant as multiple entities in California and the United  
          States, including state health directors and advocacy groups,  
          are developing recommendations to stabilize health care costs  
          and premiums.  DOF also notes it is unlikely the Commission  
          could convene due to its lack of authority to collect and expend  
          private and/or federal funds.


          JL:k  5/25/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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