BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                     SENATE GOVERNANCE & FINANCE COMMITTEE
                            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair
          

          BILL NO:  SB 1323                     HEARING:  4/24/14
          AUTHOR:  Lieu                         FISCAL:  Yes
          VERSION:  4/2/13                      TAX LEVY:  No
          CONSULTANT:  Grinnell                 

                               PROPERTY TAXATION 
          

          Implements several recommendations from the California  
          Assessors' Association regarding exemptions.


                    Background, Existing Law, and Proposed Law 

          Section 1 of Article XIII of the California Constitution  
          provides that all property is taxable unless explicitly  
          exempted by the Constitution or federal law, but allows the  
          Legislature to exempt property used for charitable purposes  
          owned by nonprofit entities organized and operated for  
          charitable purposes, none of whose income inure to the  
          benefit of any private shareholder or individual.  The  
          Legislature enacted this exemption, commonly known as the  
          "welfare exemption."  Exemptions apply to the annual  
          property tax roll, as well as to one-time supplemental  
          assessments, which assessors send to taxpayers whenever a  
          change of ownership or new construction results in a  
          reassessment after the lien date of January 1st to reflect  
          the difference between the initial and revised assessment.   
          The California Assessors' Association working group wants  
          to change several technical requirements in property tax  
          law to ease administration.  

          I.  Cancelling and refunding taxes on exempt property.   
          Currently, when a taxpayer files an application for an  
          exemption for property used as a college, cemetery, church,  
          religious exhibition, veterans' organization, free public  
          library, free museums, or other welfare exempt property  
          before the supplemental assessment is due; the assessor can  
          cancel all taxes, penalties, and interest for that  
          assessment.  However, if the taxpayer doesn't file an  
          application until after that date, but before the first  
          installment becomes delinquent, the assessor reduces any  
          taxes, penalties, and interest by 90%, but not below $250.   
          If the taxpayer applies after that date, the assessor can  




          SB 1323 (Lieu) - 4/2/14 -- Page 2



          only reduce taxes, penalties, and interest by 85%, but not  
          below $200.  However, some exemptions depart from the  
          general rule, such as:
                 For not timely filed claims for the veterans' or  
               homeowners' exemption, the assessor can refund up to  
               80% of the tax provided the taxpayer files an  
               application on or before the date the first  
               installment becomes due.  
                 For not timely filed claims for the disabled  
               veterans' exemption, the assessor can refund up to 90%  
               of the tax provided the taxpayer files an application  
               on or before the date the first installment becomes  
               due, but only 85% if the taxpayer doesn't file the  
               claim before that time.  
                 For any other exemption not listed above, if the  
               taxpayer doesn't file an application until after that  
               date, but before the first installment becomes  
               delinquent, the assessor reduces any taxes, penalties,  
               and interest by 90%, but when the taxpayer applies  
               after that date, the assessor can only reduce taxes,  
               penalties, and interest by 85%.  

          Additionally, past practice for taxpayers and organization  
          was to file one exemption application, regardless of the  
          number of properties owned.  However, assessors process one  
          claims per property, and can't easily identify which  
          property should be assessed the penalty when a taxpayer  
          owning multiple properties doesn't file for the exemption  
          on time.  
          
          Senate Bill 1323 instead provides that for all the  
          exemptions except the veterans', homeowners' exemption, and  
          disabled veterans' exemption, the assessor can cancel 90%  
          of the taxes, penalties, or interest, but not below  
          $200,000 in valuation ($200 in property tax at the one  
          percent rate).  The bill changes both the individual  
          statutes for each property tax exemption, as well as the  
          general law that guides supplemental assessments.

          The bill provides that the $200,000 assessed valuation  
          penalty cap for exempt properties applies to each  
          application, which can include a property location with six  
          contiguous parcels.  If a taxpayer owns multiple  
          properties, and fails to file applications on time for any  
          of them, the penalty equals $250 per application, instead  
          of per taxpayer.





          SB 1323 (Lieu) - 4/2/14 -- Page 3




          II.  Church Parking Lots.  Current law allows the welfare  
          exemption for all real property necessary and desirable for  
          persons attending services to park their cars.  However,  
          the church, religious denomination, or sect must not have a  
          congregation of more than 500 people for it to be eligible  
          for the exemption.  Additionally, the law conditions the  
          exemption on the parking of "automobiles."  

          SB 1323 deletes the 500 person limit, and changes  
          "automobiles" to "vehicles."

          III.  Affidavits.  Taxpayers seeking an exemption must  
          annually submit an affidavit to the assessor each year  
          providing any required information, and can currently  
          combine all of his or her property into one affidavit.   
          Additionally, state law generally requires taxpayers to  
          submit affidavits for exemptions between the lien date and  
          5pm on February 15th. 

          SB 1323 requires the taxpayer to submit the affidavit for  
          each property for which he or she seeks an exemption, but  
          also allows the taxpayer to file a single claim for a  
          property consisting of contiguous parcels.  The bill also  
          clarifies that the claim period for the full disabled  
          veterans' exemption begins when the taxpayer becomes  
          eligible for the exemption and ends on February 15th.  

          IV.  Forms.  State law often contains the exact form that  
          assessors and taxpayers use, including the card that  
          applicants for the welfare exemption send to the assessor  
          each year to show no change in eligibility for the  
          exemption, and the notice that the assessor sends each year  
          to taxpayers who received the religious exemption the year  
          before.  

          SB 1323 deletes both the card and the notice from the law,  
          and instead directs the BOE to prescribe cards and notices  
          for applicants and assessors to use, which BOE does for all  
          of its forms annually.


                               State Revenue Impact
           
          BOE estimates minimal revenue impact.






          SB 1323 (Lieu) - 4/2/14 -- Page 4




                                     Comments  

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  According to the author,  
          "California's property taxation laws and regulations can be  
          fairly complex and all appropriate attempts should be made  
          to simplify them for the betterment of taxpayers and  
          administrators alike. This measure is about simplifying the  
          code sections related to late-filings. It will streamline  
          the process for granting property tax welfare exemptions  
          related to certain types of property such as religious  
          institutions and hospitals.  Ultimately, by bringing  
          efficiencies to claiming welfare exemption status, this  
          measure will save taxpayers and local government, including  
          county assessors, precious time and resources.  In  
          addition, the bill also removes the current limitation  
          restricting the parking area exemption benefit to  
          congregations with fewer than 500 members. A process by  
          which is unnecessary and often arcane."

          2.   Cut to the chase  .  SB 1323 make several technical  
          changes to reasonably dense sections of property tax law to  
          ease property tax administration for assessors, but  
          contains three substantive changes of note: 
                 First, instead of the current dollar cap on the  
               amount of tax, penalty, or interest ($250) the  
               taxpayer must pay after to failing to timely file  
               exemption applications, the bill instead uses a  
               slightly lower equivalent amount of assessed value  
               ($200,000).  It's easier for county auditors to work  
               with assessed value amounts due to supplemental  
               property tax rates for local general obligation bonds  
               that apply in some parts of a county, but not others.   

                 Second, taxpayers that own more than one property  
               eligible for the exemption currently pay the maximum  
               left-over amount of $250 once after applying  
               exemptions.  Under the bill, they must pay up to $250  
               for each application.
                 Lastly, the bill eliminates different treatment for  
               applications filed late, but still before specified  
               deadlines (90% of tax reduced), and those filed after  
               the specified deadline (85% of tax reduced), to  
               further ease administration.  

          3.   Second thoughts  .  The bill's provision that applies  





          SB 1323 (Lieu) - 4/2/14 -- Page 5



          penalty relief per six-parcel contiguous property, instead  
          of per taxpayer, may lead to taxpayers paying more in tax,  
          a result of the interaction between the bill and a ruling  
          in a 1973 BOE Letter to Assessors.  To remove this effect,  
          the phrase "in total amount" should be added after "20,000"  
          on Page 4, Line 24; Page 5, Line 11; Page 12, Line 24.


                         Support and Opposition  (4/24/14)

           Support  :  California Assessors' Association; California  
          Association of Nonprofits.

           Opposition  :  None received.