BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �







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        |Hearing Date:April 7, 2014         |Bill No:SB                         |
        |                                   |1326                               |
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                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS 
                               AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
                              Senator Ted W. Lieu, Chair
                                           

                          Bill No:        SB 1326Author:Roth
                   As Introduced:     February 21, 2014 Fiscal: Yes


        SUBJECT:  Assistive devices: warranty: regulations

        SUMMARY:  Provides authorization for the Speech-Language Pathology and  
        Audiology and Hearing Aid Dispensers Board (Board) to adopt  
        regulations to specify warranty provisions for assistive devices.

        Existing law:
        
        1)Authorizes the Board to license and regulate the practice of  
          speech-language pathology, audiology and the dispensing of hearing  
          aid devices pursuant to the Speech Language Pathologists and  
          Audiologists and Hearing Aid Dispensers Licensure Act.  (Business  
          and Professions Code (BPC) � 2530)

        2)Defines the obligations of retail sellers of assistive devices and  
          provides warranty/right of return provisions for consumers of  
          assistive devices including exact language to be included in the  
          notice to consumers.  (Civil Code (CC) � 1793.02)
         
         3)Provides definitions of assistive devices, hearing aids and hearing  
          aid dispensers:
         
           a)   Assistive Device  is defined as:  "Any instrument, apparatus,  
             or contrivance, including any component or part thereof or  
             accessory thereto, that it used or intended to be used, to assist  
             an individual with a disability in the mitigation or treatment of  
             an injury or disease or to assist or affect or replace the  
             structure or any function of the body or an individual with a  
             disability, except that this term does not include lenses and  
             ophthalmic goods unless they are sold or dispensed to a blind  





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             person and unless they are intended to assist the limited vision  
             of the person so disabled."  (CC 1791 (o))

           b)   A  hearing aid  is defined as any wearable instrument or device  
             designed for or offered for the purpose of aiding or compensating  
             for impaired human hearing.  (BPC � 2538.10 (d))
           
           c)   A  hearing aid dispenser  is a person engaged in the practice of  
             fitting or selling hearing aids to an individual with impaired  
             hearing.  (BPC � 2538.14)

           d)   A  hearing aid dispenser  who is the owner, manager, or  
             franchisee   at a location where hearing aids are fit or sold,  
             shall be responsible for the adequacy of the fitting or selling  
             of any hearing aid fit and sold by any licensee or licensees at  
             that location. (BPC � 2538.39)

        4)Provides that the  practice of fitting or selling hearing aids   
          includes those practices used for the purpose of selection and  
          adaptation of hearing aids, including direct observation of the ear,  
          testing of hearing in connection with the fitting and selling of  
          hearing aids, taking of ear mold impressions, fitting or sale of  
          hearing aids, and any necessary postfitting counseling.  
        (BPC � 2538.11(a))

        5)Provides that it is unlawful for a licensed hearing aid dispenser to  
          fit or sell a hearing aid unless he or she first does all of the  
          following:  (BPC � 2538.49)

           a)   Complies with all provisions of state laws and regulations  
             relating to the fitting or selling of hearing aids.

           b)   Conducts a direct observation of the purchaser's ear canals.

           c)   Informs the purchaser of the address and office hours at which  
             the licensee shall be available for fitting or postfitting  
             adjustments and servicing of the hearing aid or aids sold.

        6)Requires that a hearing aid dispenser shall, upon the consummation  
          of a sale of a hearing aid, deliver to the purchaser a written  
          receipt, signed by or on behalf of the dispenser, containing all of  
          the following:  (BPC � 2538.25)

           a)   The date of consummation of the sale.

           b)   Specifications as to the make, serial number, and model number  





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             of the hearing aid
           or aids sold.

           c)   The address of the principal place of business of the  
             dispenser, and the address and office hours at which the  
             dispenser shall be available for fitting or postfitting  
             adjustments and servicing of the hearing aid or aids sold.

           d)   A statement to the effect that the aid or aids delivered to  
             the purchaser are used or reconditioned, as the case may be, if  
             that is the fact.

           e)   The number of the dispenser's license and the name and license  
             number of any other hearing aid dispenser or temporary licensee  
             who provided any recommendation or consultation regarding the  
             purchase of the hearing aid.

           f)   The terms of any guarantee or written warranty, required by  
             Section 1793.02 of the Civil Code, made to the purchaser with  
             respect to the hearing aid or hearing aids.

        This bill:  Authorizes the Board to adopt regulations to specify  
        warranty provisions for assistive devices.

        
        FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown.  This bill has been keyed "fiscal" by  
        Legislative Counsel. 

        


        COMMENTS:
        
        1.Purpose.  The bill is sponsored by  Hearing Healthcare Providers of  
          California  .  This bill would authorize the Board to adopt  
          regulations to carry out the purposes and objectives of the warranty  
          provisions, thereby clarifying the consumer's right of return for  
          hearing aid devices.

          According to the Author, the lack of clarity of the Song Beverly  
          Consumer Warranty Act, as applied to warranty provisions for hearing  
          aids is detrimental to both the consumer and the provider dispensing  
          the device.  The provisions do not clearly define the terms of the  
          30-day trial period that the consumer is afforded, which specifies a  
          guarantee of a full refund for the cost of the hearing aids and all  
          related services, if the consumer is not satisfied with the hearing  





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          aids.

          The Author noted that the Song Beverly Consumer Warranty Act  
          includes the term, "completion of fitting," which has been  
          interpreted several ways.  As a result, the burden is placed on the  
          provider in order to determine when the 30-day warranty period  
          starts.  Often, these subjective interpretations lead to  
          disagreements between the provider and the consumer as "completion  
          of fitting" implies the level of consumer satisfaction with the  
          initial fit of the hearing aid device.  Basing the start of the  
          warranty period on consumer satisfaction is difficult to define and  
          enforce.

          According to the Author, the Song Beverly Consumer Warranty Act does  
          not adequately address the period of time, within the first 30-days,  
          when a hearing aid device is not in the possession of the consumer  
          due to needed adjustments or repairs.

          The Author also indicates that other pertinent issues regarding  
          hearing aid dispensing are not covered in the Song Beverly Consumer  
          Warranty Act, including the number of trial devices a consumer is  
          entitled to, documentation of non-possession of the hearing aid by  
          the consumer, any non-refundable services provided to the hearing  
          aid device.

          Finally, the Author indicates that the lack of clarity and  
          specificity in the Song Beverly Consumer Warranty Act provisions  
          result in disputes between consumers and hearing aid dispensers and  
          ultimately some form of legal recourse or mediation is initiated.   
          It can be difficult for the Board to mediate such complaints when  
          the parties involved have different interpretations of their rights  
          and responsibilities making the facts difficult to substantiate.

       2.Background.  The Song Beverly Consumer Warranty Act indicates that  
          the buyer of a used assistive device shall have the same rights and  
          remedies as the buyer of a new assistive device.  Further, all new  
          and used assistive devices shall be accompanied by the retail  
          seller's written warranty.  The warranty shall include the following  
          language:

          "This assistive device is warranted to be specifically fit for the  
          particular needs of you the buyer.  If the device is not  
          specifically fit for your particular needs, it may be returned to  
          the seller within 30 days of the date of actual receipt by you or  
          completion of fitting by the seller, whichever occurs later.  If you  
          return the device, the seller will either adjust or replace the  





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          device or promptly refund the total amount paid.  This warranty does  
          not affect the protections and remedies you have under other laws.'   
          In lieu of the words "30 days," the retail seller may specify any  
          longer period."

       3.Comparison With Other States.  In several states, provisions  
          regarding refunds and returns of hearing aids are mandated by  
          statute.  Some of these states provide more specificity regarding  
          the refund and return policy. 

           Florida  (Florida Statutes � 468.1246)
          
          a)   The seller must provide the buyer with written notice of a  
             30-day trial period and money-back guarantee.  The guarantee must  
             permit the purchaser to cancel the purchase for a valid reason as  
             defined by the board within 30 days after receiving the hearing  
             aid, by returning the hearing aid or mailing written notice of  
             cancellation to the seller.  If the hearing aid must be repaired,  
             remade, or adjusted during the 30-day trial period, the running  
             of the 30-day trial period is suspended 1 day for each 24-hour  
             period that the hearing aid is not in the purchaser's possession.  
              A repaired, remade, or adjusted hearing aid must be claimed by  
             the purchaser within 3 working days after notification of  
             availability.  The running of the 30-day trial period resumes on  
             the day the purchaser reclaims the repaired, remade, or adjusted  
             hearing aid or on the fourth day after notification of  
             availability.

          b)   The licensee may retain charges for ear molds, services  
             provided, and a cancellation fee as prescribed by the board.  If  
             a rule regarding the above is not set forth by the board, a  
             licensee may not charge a cancellation fee which exceeds 5  
             percent of the total amount available for refund, and this shall  
             be provided in writing to the purchaser prior to signing the  
             contract.

          c)   The seller must provide the refund within 30 days.

            Texas  (Texas Administrative Code Title 22, Part 7, Rule �141.16)

           a)   The buyer must be informed of a 30-day trial period by written  
             contract including all charges associated with such trial period.

           b)   The buyer shall be entitled to a refund of the purchase price  
             less the agreed-upon amount upon return of the hearing aid(s) in  
             good condition within the 30-day trial period ending 30 days from  





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             the date of delivery.  Should the order be cancelled prior to  
             delivery, the licensee may retain the agreed-upon charges and  
             fees.  Refund is due by the 30th day after the date the buyer  
             cancels or returns the hearing aid(s).

           c)   If the hearing aid(s) must be repaired, remade, or adjusted  
             during the 30-day trial period, the 30-day trial period is  
             suspended for one day for each 24-hour period that the aid(s) are  
             not in the buyer's possession.  The 30-day trial period resumes  
             on the day the buyer reclaims the repaired, remade, or adjusted  
             aid(s) or within five working days of notification.

            Oregon  (Oregon Revised Statutes � 694.042)

           a)   In addition to any other rights and remedies the purchaser may  
             have, the purchaser shall have the right to rescind the  
             transaction if:

             i.     The purchaser consults with a physician or audiologist  
               subsequent to purchasing the hearing aid and the licensed  
               physician advises the purchaser against purchasing or using a  
               hearing aid and in writing specifies the medical reason.
             ii.    The seller fails to adhere to the practice standards  
               provided in the law, or fails to provide the statement required  
               in the law.

             iii.   The fitting of the hearing aid failed to meet current  
               industry standards.

             iv.    The licensee fails to meet any standard of conduct  
               prescribed in the law or rules regulating fitting and  
               dispensing of hearing aids and this failure affects in any way  
               the transaction which the purchaser seeks to rescind.

           b)   The purchaser of a hearing aid shall have the right to rescind  
             the transaction, for other than the seller's breach, if the  
             purchaser returns the product in good condition less normal wear  
             and tear and gives written notice of the intent to rescind the  
             transaction by written notice of the intent to rescind sent by  
             certified mail, return receipt, to the licensee's regular place  
             of business or returning the product with written notice of  
             intent to rescind to an authorized representative of the company  
             from which it was purchased.

           c)   The notice described above shall state that the transaction is  
             cancelled pursuant to this section and must be postmarked within  





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             30 days of the original delivery or within specified time periods  
             if the 30 day period has been extended in writing by both  
             parties.  The consumer's rescission rights can only be extended  
             through a written agreement by both parties.

           d)   If conditions stated above have been met, the seller shall  
             issue a refund within 10 days after the cancellation.  The  
             licensee may retain a portion of the purchase price as specified  
             by rule of the Oregon Health Licensing Agency when the sale is  
             rescinded during the 30 day rescission period.  The seller shall  
             return all goods traded in and the purchaser shall incur no  
             additional liability for the cancellation.

           Illinois  (225 Illinois Compiled Statutes � 50)

           a)   All hearing instruments offered for sale must be accompanied  
             by a 30-business-day return privilege.

             i.     At the time of delivery, the licensee must furnish to the  
               buyer a fully completed receipt or copy of the contract that  
               contains a statement informing the buyer that he/she may return  
               the hearing instrument for a refund within 30 business days and  
               the day by which the refund period extends in bold 10 point  
               type.

             ii.       If a nonrefundable fee will be withheld from the buyer  
               in the event of return, the dollar amount must be clearly  
               stated in 10 point bold type on the face of the receipt or  
               contract.

             iii.      If during the 30-business-day refund period the hearing  
               instrument and/or accessories are returned for adjustment or  
               repair, the refund period will be extended, affording the buyer  
               the remainder of the refund period.  The extension shall be  
               provided to the buyer in writing.
            
       1.Attorney General Legal Opinion.  According to the Office of the  
          Attorney General legal opinion No. 97-1208, "The seller may NOT  
          retain any portion of the total amount paid on the basis that such  
          part payment was for fitting the device or other ancillary service  
          or for one or more of the component parts that the seller refuses to  
          take back."  This means that under current law, the hearing aid  
          dispenser may not retain any fees or other charges in connection  
          with the purchase, fitting, financing, or return of the device and  
          no fee should be listed as "non-refundable" on the purchase  
          agreement.  This includes any cancellation fees.





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       2.Arguments in Support.  The  Hearing Healthcare Providers of California   
          (Sponsor),  Carlson's Hearing aid Center  ,  Creekside Hearing Aid  
          Service  and the AA Hearing Aids Center/Miracle-Ear  similarly write  
          in their letters, "Song-Beverly does not clearly define when certain  
          warranty and right of return provisions apply to hearing aids.  The  
          vagueness of these provisions leads to confusion by the hearing aid  
          dispenser and the consumer and makes it very difficult for the Board  
          to mediate consumer complaints when parties involved have different  
          interpretations of their rights and responsibilities." 
        
          The  California Academy of Audiology  supports AB 1326 and writes in  
          its letter, "Determining the tolling point for the Song-Beverly  
          30-day hearing aide warranty provision that provides for a  
          full-refund to the buyer, is uncertain, and can be left to  
          interpretation by both the audiologist and the consumer.  The  
          present lack of specificity in Song Beverly can lead to disputes  
          between providers and consumers that could be mediated by this  
          bill."

        3. Prior Legislation.   SB 1444  (Anderson, 2012) was an identical  
           measure to this bill.  SB 1444 would have authorized the  
           Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology and Hearing Aid Dispensers  
           Board to adopt regulations to specify warranty provisions for  
           assistive devices.  (  Status  : This bill passed this Committee, was  
           referred to Senate Judiciary Committee second, but the Author chose  
           to not have the bill heard in the Senate Judiciary Committee.)
          
        4.Policy Issue  :  Should the Regulatory Authority Granted to the Board  
          be More Clearly Defined?  Committee Staff suggests that the Author  
          amend the bill language to indicate the specific authority that the  
          Board desires in crafting regulations in regards to warranty  
          provisions for assistive devices.  In its current form, the bill  
          would allow the Board to have very broad authority to craft  
          regulations that would pertain to warranties for  all  assistive  
          devices.  Committee staff believes that this authority should be  
          narrowed and more clearly defined to include only the authority  
          necessary to promulgate regulations regarding the selling and buying  
          of hearing aids.  These amendments could be made in Senate Judiciary  
          Committee since there are other concerns to be addressed within that  
          Committee.

       Staff also notes that the Attorney General legal opinion 97-1208 has  
          dealt with this issue, and suggests that, should the Board be  
          granted the ability to craft regulations regarding warranty  
          provisions, the Board should take into consideration the Attorney  





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          General's opinion as it relates to the rights of a seller to retain  
          payment.
       
         NOTE  :  Double-referral to Judiciary Committee (second).




        SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
        
         Support:  

        Hearing Healthcare Providers of California (Sponsor)
        California Academy of Audiology
        Creekside Hearing Aid Service
        Carlson's Hearing Aid Center
        AA Hearing Aids Center/Miracle-Ear
        1 audiologist

         Opposition:  

        None received as of March 28, 2014



        Consultant:Le Ondra Clark, Ph.D.