BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                            



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                                    THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1383
          Author:   Hueso (D)
          Amended:  3/25/14
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 4/2/14
          AYES:  Hill, Gaines, Hancock, Jackson, Leno, Pavley
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Fuller, Vacancy, Vacancy

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8


           SUBJECT  :    Plastic products:  labeling

           SOURCE  :     Biodegradable Products Institute


           DIGEST  :    This bill permits, when the Department of Resources  
          and Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) has adopted standards as  
          specified, the sale of agricultural mulch film that is labeled  
          as biodegradable.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law:

           1. Finds and declares that it is the public policy of the state  
             that environmental marketing claims should be substantiated  
             by competent and reliable evidence to prevent deceiving or  
             misleading consumers about the environmental impact of  
             plastic products.  

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           2. Prohibits the sale of a plastic product that is labeled  
             "compostable," "home compostable," or "marine biodegradable"  
             unless it meets certain American Society for Testing and  
             Materials (ASTM) standard specifications, the OK Compost HOME  
             certification, as specified, or a standard adopted by the  
             Department of Resources and Recycling and Recovery  
             (CalRecycle), or unless the plastic product is labeled with a  
             qualified claim for which CalRecycle has adopted a relevant  
             standard, and the plastic product meets that standard. 

           3. Authorizes CalRecycle to review a new standard developed by  
             ASTM or any other organization for the labels "compostable"  
             or "marine degradable" and to make recommendations to the  
             Legislature if CalRecycle determines the new standard is more  
             protective of public health, public safety and the  
             environment, and consistent with state policies.  

           4. Requires a manufacturer or supplier to provide a person,  
             upon request and within 90 days of the request, easily  
             understandable and scientifically accurate documentation of  
             compliance with the requirements above.  

           5. Defines "plastic product" as a product made of plastic,  
             alone or in combination with other material.  

           6. Imposes a civil liability of $500 for the first violation of  
             the statutes related to marketing of plastic products, $1,000  
             for the second violation, and $2,000 for the third and any  
             subsequent violation.  

          This bill:  

           1. Requires CalRecycle, upon ASTM's adoption of a standard for  
             aerobically biodegradable plastics in the soil environment in  
             the temperate zone, to adopt that standard.

           2. Authorizes a person to sell agricultural mulch film labeled  
             as "biodegradable" if the agricultural mulch film meets the  
             above standard adopted by CalRecycle.

           3. Defines "agricultural mulch film" as film plastic that is  
             used as a technical tool in commercial farming applications.

           Background







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           The plastic film used as a tool in commercial farming  
          applications is known as "agricultural mulch film."  Large  
          agricultural operations traditionally use a polyethylene or  
          similar plastic film to control weeds.  This product must be  
          removed at the end of the growing season.  It is very likely  
          that this product ends up in a landfill at the end of its life  
          cycle.

          Manufacturers of compostable plastic products have developed a  
          material that is soil degradable and can be tilled in place.   
          This new material is designed to fully biodegrade after being  
          plowed into the soil at the end of the season.  However,  
          existing law does not allow for the use of the term  
          "biodegradable" in marketing these products because there was no  
          proven standard of performance for those terms.

          The ASTM is developing a soil degradability standard similar to  
          the Vincotte standard currently used in the European Union.  
           
           ASTM Standard in Development for Biodegradable Plastics in the  
          Soil Environment in the Temperate Zone  .  ASTM International is a  
          nonprofit organization that develops voluntary test methods  
          (protocols for testing physical and chemical properties) and  
          standard specifications (specific thresholds or conditions that  
          must be met) for products in hundreds of industries through a  
          consensus process.  The methods and standards may become  
          mandatory if adopted in statute or regulation.  For example,  
          most states require certain plastic products and packaging to be  
          labeled with Resin Identification Codes that are administered by  
          ASTM and approximately 2,215 ASTM standards have been  
          incorporated by reference in the U.S. Code of Federal  
          Regulations. 

          ASTM membership is open to anyone with an interest in its  
          activities, including users, producers, academics, and people in  
          governmental organizations such as CalRecycle and the U.S.  
          Environmental Protection Agency.  Standards are developed within  
          committees, but non-committee members can participate without a  
          formal vote and their input will be fully considered.  Also, in  
          order to meet the requirements of antitrust laws, producers must  
          constitute less than 50% of every committee, and votes are  
          limited to one per producer company.  As of 2007, ASTM consisted  
          of more than 30,000 members from more than 120 countries.  







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           Previous Legislation
           
          SB 567 (DeSaulnier, Chapter 594, Statutes of 2011), created the  
          Plastic Products Law under the California Integrated Waste  
          Management Act of 1989, to prohibit a plastic product from being  
          sold that is labeled "compostable," "home compostable," or  
          "marine biodegradable" unless the plastic meets certain ASTM  
          standards or another standard that is subject to CalRecycle  
          requirements.  

          SB 228 (DeSaulnier, Chapter 406, Statutes of 2010), required a  
          compostable plastic bag manufacturer meeting certain standards  
          to ensure that the compostable plastic bag is "readily and  
          easily identifiable" (as defined in this bill) from other  
          plastic bags, in a manner that is consistent with the Federal  
          Trade Commission Guides for the Use of Environmental Marketing  
          Claims.

          SB 1749 (Karnette, Chapter 619, Statutes of 2004), prohibited  
          persons from selling a plastic bag labeled as "compostable,"  
          "biodegradable," "degradable," or any form of those terms,  
          unless the plastic bag meets certain requirements.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/28/14)

          Biodegradable Products Institute (source)
          AFSCME
          BioBag USA
          Novamont North America, Inc.


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to Novamont North America,  
          Inc. "Mulch film made with Mater-Bi, our company's biopolymer,  
          is a proven product with years of experience from Europe and  
          North America.  It allows farmers to plow the mulch film into  
          the earth at the end of the growing season, where it decomposes  
          using the soil's natural microbiology.  This saves farmers time  
          and money compared to conventional plastic mulch film, which  
          must be pulled off of their fields manually and landfilled.








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          "California has a long and established track record of  
          supporting recycling, composting programs, and other policies  
          that divert waste from landfills.  All of these state policies  
          are protective of public health and protective of the  
          environment.  This bill is consistent with state policy and  
          equally protective of the environment.

          "Establishing a statutory standard, California will protect the  
          integrity of the recycling stream, encourage diversion of  
          plastic waste from landfills, and ensure that deceptive tactics  
          that encourage the use of non-biodegradable plastics are kept  
          out of the market. This measure will provide one more tool for  
          California's 
          farming community who are concerned about sustainable farming,  
          because the agricultural mulch films reduce water use, reduce  
          pesticide and herbicide use, and reduces the application of  
          traditional plastics that are likely end up in a landfill."  


          RM:d  4/28/14   Senate Floor Analyses 

                           SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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