BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �





                            SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                  Carol Liu, Chair
                              2013-2014 Regular Session
                                          

        BILL NO:       SB 1396
        AUTHOR:        Hancock
        INTRODUCED:    February 21, 2014
        FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE: April 2, 2014
        URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

         SUBJECT  :  Positive Behavior Intervention and Support program.
        
        SUMMARY
         
        This bill requires the California Department of Education to  
        designate funds to a county office of education to establish  
        professional development activities to support the development and  
        expansion of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Intervention and Support  
        program efforts.

         BACKGROUND
         
         Positive behavior interventions and supports
         Current law:

        1)   Encourages schools, as comprehensive school safety plans are  
             reviewed and updated, to include in school safety plans clear  
             guidelines for the roles and responsibilities of mental health  
             professionals, community intervention professionals, school  
             counselors, school resource officers, and police officers on  
             school campus, if the school district uses these people.  The  
             guidelines may include primary strategies to create and  
             maintain a positive school climate, promote school safety, and  
             increase pupil achievement, and prioritize mental health and  
             intervention services, restorative and transformative justice  
             programs, and positive behavior interventions and support.   
             (Education Code � 32282.1)

        2)   Provides that corrective action other than out-of-school  
             suspension includes study teams, guidance teams, resource panel  
             teams, or other intervention-related teams that assess the  
             behavior, and develop and implement individualized plans to  










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             address the behavior in partnership with the pupil and his or  
             her parents.  (EC � 48900.5)

        3)   Specific to students with exceptional needs, requires the  
             individualized education program team shall consider the use of  
             positive behavioral interventions and supports for students  
             whose behavior impedes his or her learning.  (EC � 56341.1)

         Multi-tiered interventions
         Many schools voluntarily follow models of tiered interventions to  
        address student needs prior to imposing discipline or making  
        referrals to special education.  Models include Schoolwide Positive  
        Behavior Interventions and Supports, Response to Intervention and  
        Positive Environments Network of Trainers.  Typically, the base tier  
        is a schoolwide approach involving instruction, school climate, etc.  
         The middle tier is targeted to students who did not respond to the  
        schoolwide efforts and involved more intense interventions such as  
        tutoring.  The top tier focuses on a smaller group of students who  
        continue to need support and may include very intense and frequent  
        services such as counseling.

        The Student Success Team, formerly Student Study Team, is a positive  
        schoolwide early identification and intervention process.  Working  
        as a team, the student, parent, teacher and school administrator  
        identify the student's strengths and assets upon which an  
        improvement plan can be designed.  As a regular school process, the  
        team intervenes with school and community support and an improvement  
        plan that all team members agree to follow.  Follow- up meetings are  
        planned to provide a continuous casework management strategy to  
        ensure the needs of students are met.

         ANALYSIS
         
         This bill  requires the California Department of Education to  
        designate funds to a county office of education to establish  
        professional development activities to support the development and  
        expansion of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Intervention and Support  
        (PBIS) programs.  Specifically, this bill:

        1)   Requires the CDE, to the extent one-time funding is available  
             in the 2014 Budget, to apportion funds to a designated county  
             office of education to be the fiduciary agent for the PBIS  










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             program.  This bill requires the Superintendent of Public  
             Instruction to select the designated county office from those  
             that apply for such designation.

        2)   Requires the designated county office of education to be  
             responsible for the establishment of specific professional  
             development activities that will lead to statewide professional  
             development support structures allowing for the development and  
             expansion of PBIS efforts in each region of the state.

        3)   Requires this professional development and outreach effort  
             build upon existing statewide and regional organizations, and  
             networks that are providing services related to PBIS and other  
             mental health approaches.  This bill states that the goals is  
             to organize PBIS trainings and resources to be disseminated on  
             a regional basis.  This bill requires trainings, associated  
             materials, and research to educate participants on how to have  
             PBIS support local control and accountability plan strategic  
             goals in alignment with a multi-tiered support system  
             framework.

        4)   Requires the designated county office of education to consult  
             with the K-12 Student Mental Health Initiative, the National  
             Alliance on Mental Health Illness, the California Technical  
             Assistance Center on PBIS, the California County  
             superintendents Educational Services Association, the  
             California Mental Health Directors Association, the United  
             Advocates for Children and Families, and other non-profit  
             agencies throughout the state.  This bill requires the  
             designated county office to select an advisory committee  
             consisting of stakeholders and mental health professionals who  
             have participated in the development and expansion of PBIS  
             programs to assist in the planning and implementation of this  
             project.

        5)   Requires funding to be targeted to all of the following  
             activities, within the context of planning and implementation:

                  a)             Explaining the importance of linking PBIS  
                  efforts with local control funding formula planning.

                  b)             Creating broad exposure to PBIS, which  










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                  includes pamphlets, videos, creation of websites, webinars  
                  and newsletters.

                  c)             Creating regional conferences on PBIS  
                  implementation to provide free training for teachers,  
                  school psychologists, and administrators.  

                  d)             Establishing stipends for release time for  
                  school personnel to attend workshops.

                  e)             Developing best practices of current  
                  district-level PBIS systems and ensure best practices are  
                  widely disseminated.

                  f)             Establishing a cohort of trainers that can  
                  be available to work directly with local school districts  
                  seeking to implement PBIS.

                  g)             Establishing a repository for the  
                  collection and dissemination of PBIS best practices.  

        6)   Requires the designated county office of education, working in  
             cooperation with the Department of Finance, California  
             Department of Education, and Legislative Analyst, to analyze  
             the relevant data on the success of PBIS at both the state and  
             national levels, and establish a set of best practices to be  
             made available to school districts and consortia of districts  
             to expand current mental health programs and to use as the  
             foundation of addressing school discipline issues including  
             school violence, suspensions, expulsions, and bullying.

        7)   Requires the Legislative Analyst's Office to review the impacts  
             of professional development and report to the Governor and  
             Legislature by June 30, 2016, on the breath and best practices  
             of the training. 

        8)   States legislative findings and declarations relative to the  
             effect of positive behavior interventions on suspensions and  
             expulsions, and academic engagement and achievement.

         STAFF COMMENTS
         










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         1)   How many schools currently implement  ?  Many schools voluntarily  
             follow models of tiered interventions to address student needs  
             prior to imposing discipline or making 

             referrals to special education.  Statewide data on the current  
             implementation of such frameworks or programs is not collected.  


         2)   Available information  .  The California Department of  
             Education's (CDE) website includes an implementation and  
             technical assistance guide for response to intervention, and  
             information on multi-tiered systems of support.   
              http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/pn/im/documents/memo-ilsb-plsd-oct13ite 
             m02.doc   The Positive Environments, Network of Trainers is a  
             positive behavior initiative that disseminates through its  
             website information and resources regarding the use of  
             proactive positive strategies.   http://www.pent.ca.gov/   Staff  
             recommends an amendment to require the consideration and  
             inclusion, as appropriate, of resources that are currently  
             available.

         3)   Other programs .  This bill requires the establishment of  
             professional development activities to support the development  
             and expansion of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Intervention and  
             Support programs.  Other similar programs, frameworks, and  
             approaches existing and are currently being implemented in  
             schools.  Staff recommends an amendment to broaden the scope of  
             the bill to reference multi-tiered interventions and support  
             programs, including but not limited to statewide positive  
             interventions and supports, and response to intervention.

         4)   Expansion of current programs  .  This bill requires best  
             practices to be made available to school districts to expand  
             current mental health programs and to use as the foundation of  
             addressing school discipline issues including school violence,  
             suspensions, expulsions, and bullying.  Staff recommends an  
             amendment to strike reference to mental health and discipline,  
             and instead reference the expansion of schoolwide multi-tiered  
             interventions and supports to address academic and behavioral  
             issues, and the ability to be used as a foundation for the  
             annual goals and state priorities (such as student engagement  
             and school climate) to be included in local control  










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             accountability plans.  

         5)   Designated county office of education  .  This bill requires the  
             Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to select the  
             designated county office of education from those that apply for  
             such designation.  This bill does not establish an application  
             process nor guidance for the selection of the appropriate  
             county office, thereby giving the SPI complete discretion to  
             determine if the county office is capable of meeting the  
             fiduciary responsibilities and other requirements of this bill.

         6)   Advisory committee  .  This bill requires the designated county  
             office to select an advisory committee consisting of  
             stakeholders and mental health professionals who have  
             participated in the development and expansion of PBIS programs  
             to assist in the planning and implementation of this project.   
             This bill also requires the designated county office of  
             education to work in cooperation with the Department of  
             Finance, California Department of Education, and Legislative  
             Analyst, to analyze the relevant data and establish a set of  
             best practices.  Is it necessary for the designated county  
             office to consult with state agencies and also create an  
             advisory committee of stakeholders, rather than one workgroup  
             that includes all appropriate entities?

         7)   Report  .  This bill requires the Legislative Analyst's Office to  
             review the impacts of professional development and report to  
             the Governor and Legislature by June 30, 2016, on the breath  
             and best practices of the training.  It is not clear that this  
             deadline will give sufficient time for the professional  
             development to be delivered and rooted, and is unlikely to be  
             sufficient if professional development is not currently  
             available. Staff recommends an amendments to push the report  
             due date back to June 30, 2017, and require the report to also  
             be submitted to the California Department of Education.  

         8)   Restorative justice  .  The  author wishes to amend  this bill to  
             include language relative to restorative justice and practices  
             in the legislative findings and declarations, and specifically  
             include the incorporation of restorative practices within  
             schoolwide positive behavior interventions and support efforts.











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        In findings and declarations:  Restorative justice or restorative  
             practices is a set of principles and practices grounded in the  
             values of showing respect, taking responsibility, and  
             strengthening relationships.  Restorative justice focuses on  
             repair of harm and prevention of re-occurrence.  Restorative  
             practices applies in a schoolwide context, is used to build a  
             sense of school community and resolve conflict by repairing  
             harm and restoring positive relationships where students and  
             educators work together to set academic goals, develop core  
             values for the classroom and resolve conflicts.  Restorative  
             practices can be incorporated in the tiered framework of  
             schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports.

        On page 5, line 14, after "efforts" insert "including the  
             incorporation of restorative practices."

         9)   Technical amendment  .  Staff recommends an amendment to clarify  
             that best practices to be developed and disseminated are based  
             on the analysis completed by the designated county office of  
             education and specified state agencies.  On page 6, line 10,  
             after "systems" insert "pursuant to subdivision (e)."  
         
         10)  Fiscal impact  .  This bill provides that it is to be implemented  
             to the extent one-time funding is available in the 2014 Budget.  
              The local control funding formula authorizes school districts  
             to use funds for the initiatives such as those proposed by this  
             bill. 

         11)  Related legislation  .  SB 596 (Yee, 2014) requires the  
             California Department of Education to establish a three-year  
             pilot program to encourage inclusive practices that integrate  
             mental health, special education, and school climate  
             interventions following a multi-tiered framework.  SB 596 is  
             pending referral in the Assembly.

         SUPPORT
         
        American Civil Liberties Union
        California Association of School Psychologists
        California School-Based Health Alliance
        Central Unified School District
        Children Now










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        Public Counsel

         OPPOSITION

         None on file.