BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Carol Liu, Chair
                           2013-2014 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 1400
          AUTHOR:        Hancock
          AMENDED:       April 28, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  April 30, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Community College protection orders.
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill authorizes a student to apply for reinstatement  
          from any related expulsion after the expiration of a  
          protective order protecting a campus of a community college  
          district, or any person regularly present on the campus of  
          the district is issued by a court against a student, if the  
          order prevented that student from attending classes and  
          maintaining his or her academic standing.

           BACKGROUND  

          The Regents of the University of California, the Trustees  
          of the California State University, and the governing board  
          of every community college district, are required to adopt  
          or provide for the adoption of specific rules and  
          regulations governing student behavior along with  
          applicable penalties for violation of the rules and  
          regulations.  The institutions are also required to adopt  
          procedures by which all students are informed of such rules  
          and regulations, with applicable penalties, and any  
          revisions thereof.  (Education Code � 66300)

          Current law requires the respective governing boards of the  
          California Community Colleges, the California State  
          University, or the University of California to adopt  
          appropriate procedures and designate appropriate persons to  
          take disciplinary action against any student, member of the  
          faculty, member of the support staff, or member of the  
          administration of the community college, state college, or  
          state university who, after a prompt hearing by a campus  
          body, has been found to have willfully disrupted the  
          orderly operation of the campus. Current law provides that  




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          this requirement should not be construed to prohibit  
          immediate suspension in order to protect lives or property  
          and to ensure the maintenance of order, provided that a  
          reasonable opportunity be afforded the suspended person for  
          a hearing within 10 days.  Current law authorizes the  
          disciplinary action to include, but not be limited to,  
          suspension, dismissal, or expulsion.  (EC � 66017)

          Current law authorizes the governing board of a community  
          college district to expel a student for good cause when  
          other means of correction fail to bring about proper  
          conduct, or when the presence of the student causes a  
          continuing danger to the physical safety of the student or  
          others.  The expulsion of a student is required to be  
          accompanied by a hearing conducted pursuant to the  
          requirements of Section 66017.  (EC � 76030)

          Current law provides that nothing in the provisions  
          authorizing the suspension or expulsion of a community  
          college student shall be construed to limit the authority  
          of a governing board to adopt additional rules and  
          regulations which are not inconsistent with these  
          provisions.  These rules may, among other things, prescribe  
          specific rules and regulations governing student behavior,  
          along with applicable penalties for violation of adopted  
          rules and regulations, and may prescribe appropriate due  
          process procedures, including procedures by which students  
          are to be informed of these rules and regulations.  (EC �  
          76037)

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Authorizes a student to apply for reinstatement from  
               any related expulsion after the expiration of a  
               protective order protecting a campus of a community  
               college district, or any person regularly present on  
               the campus of the district is issued by a court  
               against a student, if the order prevents that student  
               from attending classes and maintaining his or her  
               academic standing.

          2)   Requires, upon request for reinstatement by a person:

               a)        A review be conducted.




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               b)        The review consider:

                    i)             The gravity of the offense.

                    ii)            Evidence of subsequent offenses.

                    iii)           Rehabilitation efforts since the  
 
                  offense.

                    iv)            The student's ability to not cause  
                  substantial disruption.

          3)   Authorizes the local board to:

               a)        Deny enrollment.

               b)        Permit enrollment.

               c)        Permit conditional enrollment.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Intent of the bill  .  According to the author, if a  
               district is successful in obtaining a protective order  
               against a student who is considered an imminent threat  
               of bodily harm to a district or persons that regularly  
               are present on a district or campus of the district,  
               that student is barred from the campuses of the  
               district for the period of time of the protective  
               order.  At the conclusion of the protective order, the  
               individual is free to re-register for courses  
               regardless of whether or not the circumstances  
               surrounding the restraining order have changed.   
               Allowing a person to re-register at the expiration of  
               the protective order without some review to determine  
               whether the individual continues to pose a danger can  
               place the campus community at great risk.

               This bill is intended to provide an individual who has  
               had a protective order issued against them by a  
               district with the right to apply for reinstatement  
               after the expiration of the order, thereby balancing  
               the need to ensure the safety of the campus community  
               while maintaining student access.




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           2)   Quasi-expulsion  .  Although a community college has the  
               authority to expel a student after a hearing by a  
               campus body, if a district feels that it must take  
               greater precautions to protect and ensure the safety  
               of a campus, the district may seek the more difficult  
               task of securing a protective order.  As the result of  
               a protective order being issued against a student,  
               that student would essentially be expelled from the  
               district for the length of the order. This bill seeks  
               to ensure that, upon expiration of the order, the  
               district has the opportunity to consider the current  
               circumstances surrounding the original reason for the  
               protective order, while retaining due process for the  
               individual. 

               Current law provides that, once a student is expelled,  
               any other community college district, under specified  
               conditions, is authorized to deny or permit  
               enrollment, or permit conditional enrollment.  (EC  
               76038) The provisions of this bill establish these  
               same authorities for the district that secured the  
               protective order.

           3)   Clarifying the bill's intent  ?  This bill authorizes a  
               student to apply for reinstatement after the  
               expiration of a protective order.  To the extent that  
               the statute is interpreted to require an application  
               for reinstatement  after  the expiration of a court  
               order, rather than  during  the time that the  
               restraining order is in place, would this be a  
               violation of due process?  
                
                It is also the intent of the author to ensure that the  
               district has the opportunity to conduct the required  
               review without initiating an expulsion hearing, in  
               order to ensure that the issues that exist at the  
               particular district do not preclude the student from  
               enrolling at another community college district.  

               Staff recommends the bill be amended to delete the  
               language authorizing the student to request  
               reinstatement and to instead, notwithstanding any  
               other law, authorize a community college district to  
               require a student to apply for reinstatement upon the  
               expiration of a protective order issued by a court  




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               against the student, and to clarify that a district  
               must initiate this process prior to the expiration of  
               the restraining order.   Staff further recommends that  
               the bill maintain the review process requirements and  
               the authorized list of potential actions by the  
               governing board.  
                                       
           4)   Broad language  .  As currently drafted, the bill may be  
               interpreted to authorize a reinstatement process in  
               any instance in which a protective order has been  
               issued against a student, whether by the district, an  
               individual student, or an employee.  According to the  
               sponsor, the intent is to apply its provisions only to  
               a situation where the  district  has pursued and  
               successfully obtained issuance of an order protecting  
               a campus or person of the district.  Staff recommends  
               the bill be amended to make this clarification. 


           SUPPORT  
          None received on this version.

           OPPOSITION

           None received.