BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                  Carol Liu, Chair
                             2013-2014 Regular Session
                                          

          BILL NO:       SB 1405
          AUTHOR:        DeSaulnier
          INTRODUCED:    February 21, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 2, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

           NOTE  :   This bill has been referred to the Committees on  
          Education and Environmental Quality.  A "do pass" motion should  
          include referral to the Committee on Environmental Quality.

           SUBJECT :  Pesticides and integrated pest management.
          
           SUMMARY
           
          This bill requires any school that uses a pesticide other than  
          a self-contained trap, gel or paste crevice treatment or  
          anti-microbial pesticides to develop an integrated pest  
          management plan and requires any person who applies pesticides  
          at a schoolsite to annually complete a training course that  
          includes safe pesticide use and integrated pest management.

           BACKGROUND
           
          Current law establishes the Healthy Schools Act in the  
          Education Code, which among other things:

          1)   Provides that it is the policy of the State that effective  
               least toxic pest management practices should be the  
               preferred method of managing pests at schoolsites, and  
               that the State shall take the necessary steps to  
               facilitate the adoption of effective least toxic pest  
               management practices at schools.

          2)   Requires schools to annually provide a written notice to  
               staff and parents with the name of all pesticide products  
               expected to be applied at the school during the upcoming  
               year.

          3)   Requires schools to provide written notification at least  
               72 hours prior to any application of pesticides that was  
               not included in the annual notification.







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          4)   Requires schools to provide the opportunity for parents  
               and staff to register to receive notification at least 72  
               hours prior to individual pesticide applications.

          5)   Requires schools to post a warning sign at each area of  
               the schoolsite where pesticides will be applied.

          6)   Requires schools to keep records for four years of all  
               pesticides used at the schoolsite.

          7)   Prohibits the use of a pesticide that has been granted  
               conditional registration, an interim registration or an  
               experimental use permit.

          8)   Exempts agriculture vocational programs if the activity is  
               necessary to meet curriculum requirements.  

          9)   Defines "schoolsite" as any facility used for K-12 school  
               purposes or for child care (including day care centers,  
               employer- sponsored child care centers, but excludes  
               family day care homes).  The term includes the buildings  
               or structures, playgrounds, athletic fields, vehicles, or  
               any other area of property visited or used by students.   
               "Schoolsite" does not include any postsecondary  
               educational facility attended by secondary pupils or  
               private K-12 facilities.  
               (Education Code � 17608- 17613)

          Current law also establishes the Healthy Schools Act in the  
          Food and Agriculture Code which among other things:

          1)   Requires the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to  
               promote and facilitate the voluntary adoption of  
               integrated pest management programs for schools and child  
               day care facilities.

          2)   Requires DPR to maintain a website with specific  
               information, and requires DPR to ensure that adequate  
               resources are available to respond to inquiries from  
               schools regarding the use of integrated pest management  
               practices.

          3)   Requires DPR to establish an integrated pest management  








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               training program to facilitate the adoption of a model  
               integrated pest management program and least-hazardous  
               pest control practices by schools.

          4)   Requires DPR to prepare a school pesticide use form to be  
               used by licensed and certified pest control operators when  
               they apply any pesticides at a school.

          5)   Defines "integrated pest management," applicable to  
               schools and child care facilities, as a pest management  
               strategy that focuses on long-term prevention or  
               suppression of pest problems through a combination of  
               techniques such as monitoring for pest presence and  
               establishing treatment threshold levels, using  
               non-chemical practices to make the habitat less conducive  
               to pest development, improving sanitation, and employing  
               mechanical and physical controls.  This definition further  
               states that pesticides that pose the least possible hazard  
               and are effective in a manner that minimizes risks to  
               people, property, and the environment, are used only after  
               careful monitoring indicates they are needed according to  
               pre-established guidelines and treatment thresholds.   
               (Food & Agriculture Code � 13180-13188) 

          The Healthy Schools Act exempts from recordkeeping and  
          notification requirements pesticide products deployed in the  
          form of a self-contained bait or trap, a gel or paste deployed  
          as a crack and crevice treatment, anti-microbial pesticides  
          (including sanitizers and disinfectants), and pesticides exempt  
          from regulation by the United States Environmental Protection  
          Agency.  (EC � 17610.5)

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  requires any school that uses a pesticide other than  
          a self-contained trap, gel or paste crevice treatment or  
          anti-microbial pesticides to develop an integrated pest  
          management plan and requires any person who applies pesticides  
          at a schoolsite to annually complete a training course that  
          includes safe pesticide use and integrated pest management.   
          Specifically, this bill:

           Integrated pest management
           1)   Requires the school designee to develop and post on the  








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               school's website an integrated pest management (IPM) plan  
               for the school or school district, if the school chooses  
               to use a pesticide other than those described below.  This  
               bill requires the IPM plan to include the name of the  
               school designee or IPM coordinator and include the  
               pesticides applied by school employees and licensed pest  
               control applicators.  This bill requires the IPM plan to  
               be included in existing notification if the school does  
               not have a website.

          2)   Authorizes the use of the following pesticides without an  
               IPM plan:

                    a)             A pesticide product deployed in the  
                    form of a self-contained bait or trap.
                    b)             Gel or paste deployed as a crack and  
                    crevice treatment.
                    c)             Any pesticide exempted from regulation  
                    by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
                    d)             Anti-microbial pesticides, including  
                    sanitizers and disinfectants.

          3)   Specifically authorizes schools (that use only pesticides  
               listed above) to develop and post on the school's website  
               an IPM plan, include the plan with existing annual  
               notification, and requires the IPM plan to include the  
               name of the school designee or IPM coordinator and the  
               pesticides applied at the school by employees and licensed  
               pest control applicators.

          4)   Defines "integrated pest management plan" in the Education  
               Code as a written plan based on a template provided or  
               approved by the Department of Pesticide Regulation that  
               outlines a strategy for integrated pest management, as  
               currently described in the Food & Agriculture Code (see  
               Background).  

          5)   Defines "IPM coordinator" in the Food & Agriculture Code  
               as having the same meaning as "school designee" in the  
               Education Code, which is the individual identified by a  
               schoolsite or school district to carry out the  
               requirements of the Healthy Schools Act.

           Training  








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          1)   Requires a person, including a licensed pest control  
               applicator, who intends to apply a pesticide at a  
               schoolsite to annually complete a training course provided  
               by the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) or an  
               agent authorized by DPR.  

          2)   Requires DPR to develop a training program for any person  
               who intends to apply pesticides on a schoolsite.  This  
               bill requires the training to cover safe pesticide use and  
               integrated pest management, and authorizes the training to  
               be developed as a web-based training provided through a  
               third-party.

           Reporting  
          1)   Requires, if a school chooses to use a pesticide other  
               than those described below, the school designee to submit,  
               at least annually, to the Director of Pesticide Regulation  
               a copy of the records of all pesticides used at the school  
               during the school year.  This bill requires the records to  
               include copies of the currently-required warning signs and  
               all of the following:

               a)        The name of a contact person for the schoolsite.

               b)        The name and address of the school, or the  
                    department code or licensed child care facility  
                    number indicating if the site is an elementary or  
                    secondary school, or a child care facility.

               c)        The product name, manufacturer's name, the  
                    federal Environmental Protection Agency's product  
                    registration number and the amount used, including  
                    the unit of measurement.

               d)        The date and areas of application and the  
                    targeted pest.

           STAFF COMMENTS
           
           1)   Who is affected  ?  This bill affects the use of pesticides  
               at schoolsites, defined within the Healthy Schools Act to  
               mean any facility used for child  care (including day care  
               centers, employer- sponsored child care centers, but  
               excludes family day care homes), or for K-12 school  








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               purposes.  The term includes the buildings or structures,  
               playgrounds, athletic fields, vehicles, or any other area  
               of property visited or used by students.  
               "Schoolsite" does not include any postsecondary  
               educational facility attended by secondary pupils or  
               private K-12 facilities.

           2)   Existing programs and support  .  The Department of  
               Pesticide Regulation's (DPR) School Integrated Pest  
               Management (IPM) program promotes voluntary adoption of  
               IPM in public schools primarily by training, outreach, and  
               assistance with the Healthy Schools Act implementation.   
               In addition, DPR has established a comprehensive school  
               IPM website and developed a variety of technical resources  
               for schools, including a model IPM program guidebook and  
               information relative to training.   
                http://apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/   

          According to DPR's website, approximately 80% of school  
               districts have sent at least one representative to a  
               DPR-sponsored full day IPM workshop to receive training in  
               structural and landscape IPM.  
                http://apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/training/trained_district 
               s.pdf  

          The most recent regarding IPM in schools was in 2010, conducted  
               by DPR.  The survey found that 68% of respondents  
               indicated the school district had adopted an IPM program.   
               This survey also found that overall, districts with an IPM  
               program perceive fewer barriers than those without an IPM  
               program and less experienced IPM coordinators report more  
               barriers to the use of IPM practices in their district.   
                http://apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/overview/sipm_survey2010. 
               pdf  

          The Senate Environmental Quality Committee analysis of prior  
               legislation questioned if the Legislature should require  
               "the Departments of Pesticide Regulation and Education to  
               work together to develop a comprehensive survey to  
               determine: a) how many school districts and daycares are  
               implementing IPM in their districts; b) how successful  
               programs were built; c) how to duplicate that success, d)  
               what are the current impediments of the voluntary IPM  
               program for districts; e) what would be done to help  








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               districts more thoroughly implement IPM in their schools  
               and f) report back to the Legislature on potential  
               solutions to increase IPM participation in schools and  
               daycares. The last survey was conducted in 2007 and did  
               not look comprehensively at how well IPM was working in  
               California or at the impediments districts are  
               experiencing in attempting to implement current law."

           3)   Training  .  This bill requires a person, including a  
               licensed pest control applicator, who intends to apply a  
               pesticide at a schoolsite to annually complete a training  
               course provided by the Department of Pesticide Regulation  
               (DPR) or an agent authorized by DPR.  This bill also adds  
               a requirement in the Food & Agriculture Code that DPR  
               develop a training program for any person who intends to  
               apply pesticides on a schoolsite. 

          Is it reasonable to require a licensed pest control applicator  
               to annually complete training pursuant to this bill, in  
               addition to any existing requirements for licensure by  
               DPR?  Is it clear that training is required prior to the  
               application of a pesticide other than those exempt from  
               this bill?  Is the training required by this bill  
               different than existing training offered or approved by  
               DPR that schools may be using currently?  

          This bill requires the training to cover safe pesticide use and  
               integrated pest management, and authorizes the training to  
               be developed as a web-based training provided through a  
               third-party.  Staff recommends amendments to strike  
               reference to a third-party and instead specify that the  
               training is to be provided by DPR or an agent authorized  
               by DPR, as proposed by this bill in Education Code � 17614  
               and Food & Agriculture Code � 13186.5. 

           4)   Reporting  .  This bill requires schools that use a  
               pesticide other than self-contained traps and crevice  
               treatments to submit, at least annually, to the DPR  
               detailed records of all pesticides used at the school  
               during the school year.  Current law requires schools to  
               keep records of all pesticide use for a period of four  
               years, and authorizes schools to meet this requirement by  
               keeping a copy of the warning sign for each application  
               and the amount of the pesticide used.  This bill expands  








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               reporting by requiring the information to be reported to  
               the DPR and include, in addition to the warning signs, the  
               name of the school contact, the name and address of the  
               school (or code indicating if the site is an elementary or  
               secondary school, or a child care facility), the product  
               and manufacturer's name, the federal Environmental  
               Protection Agency's product registration number, the  
               amount of the pesticide used (including the unit of  
               measurement), and the date and areas of application and  
               the targeted pest.

           5)   Unintended consequences  ?  According to Legislative  
               Counsel, no reimbursement is required by this bill because  
               the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or  
               school district will be incurred because the provisions of  
               this bill amend a division in the Food & Agriculture Code  
               that provides that every person who violates any provision  
               of the division (relating to pesticides) is guilty of a  
               misdemeanor.  Staff recommends an amendment to exempt from  
               criminal charges school designees who do not meet the  
               requirements specific to this bill.

          Could this bill, which essentially requires implementation of  
               an IPM plan, training and reporting, restrict the ability  
               of schools to use pesticides determined to be necessary to  
               ensure that students and school staff are protected from  
               pests that may spread disease?  

           6)   Prior legislation  .  SB 394 (DeSaulnier, 2011) would have  
               prohibited any pesticide that is not a gel or paste  
               deployed as crack and crevice treatment, a self-contained  
               bait or spot treatment to be used on schoolsites, and  
               required all schools to send at least one person to one  
               DPR training at least once every three years.  SB 394 was  
               held in the Senate Appropriations Committee.  

          SB 1157 (DeSaulnier, 2010) was similar to SB 394 when passed by  
               this Committee in April 2010, on a 6-2 vote.  In its final  
               form, SB 1157 would have required the adoption of an IPM  
               program by all schools and required the DPR to reimburse  
               school districts for the costs of IPM training.  SB 1157  
               was vetoed by the Governor, whose veto message read: 

          This bill requires all school sites in California to adopt an  








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               integrated pest management (IPM) program and requires the  
               Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to reimburse all  
               local agencies and school districts for the costs of this  
               program.

          While currently voluntary in state law, I support the policy of  
               implementing integrated pest management programs at  
               schools to the greatest extent possible. Unfortunately, I  
               cannot support paying for this school program out of an  
               alternative fund at DPR.  To do so would start a dangerous  
               precedent for finding unrelated revenue sources to fund,  
               expand, or create K-12 programs outside of the Proposition  
               98 guarantee.




           SUPPORT
           
          California Federation of Teachers
          Californians for Pesticide Reform
          California Teamsters Public Affairs Council
          Center for Environmental Health

           OPPOSITION

           Coalition for Adequate School Housing