BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  SB 1454
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   June 17, 2014

                   ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON WATER, PARKS AND WILDLIFE
                                Anthony Rendon, Chair
                   SB 1454 (Ted Gaines) - As Amended:  May 27, 2014

           SENATE VOTE  :   37-0
           
          SUBJECT  :   Department of Fish and Wildlife: Enforcement: Patrol  
          Vehicle Mounted Video and Audio System

           SUMMARY  :   Authorizes the Department of Fish and Wildlife (DFW)  
          to install patrol vehicle mounted video and audio systems,  
          commonly known as dashboard cameras, in patrol vehicles used by  
          DFW peace officers.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Authorizes DFW to install dashboard video cameras on patrol  
            vehicles used by DFW wardens for enforcement.  Authorizes a  
            DFW peace officer to use the system to record any  
            communications or other actions involving the office while in  
            uniform and acting within the scope of his or her authority.

          2)Requires DFW to adopt a policy to establish standards  
            regarding the activation of patrol vehicle mounted video and  
            audio systems and the preservation and retention of  
            recordings, subject to the following requirements:
               a)     Once recording has been activated the entire  
                 duration of the encounter shall be recorded;
               b)     Recordings shall be retained for a minimum of 90  
                 days and a maximum of one year, except if the recording  
                 is necessary for a pending or reasonably foreseeable  
                 civil or criminal action, or for training or  
                 administrative purposes.
               c)     DFW shall provide access to a recording in  
                 accordance with all other provisions of law.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that employees of DFW designated by the director as  
            deputized law enforcement officers are peace officers, as  
            provided by Penal Code Section 830.2, the authority of which  
            extends to any place in the state as to a public offense  
            committed within the state.  Requires all peace officers of  
            the DFW to complete course requirements of the Commission on  
            Peace Officer Standards and Training.








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          2)Exempts a number of law enforcement agencies from the  
            prohibition on recording of confidential communications,  
            including any police officer of a city or county, any county  
            sheriff or deputy sheriff, any officer of the California  
            Highway Patrol (CHP), any district attorney, the Attorney  
            General, or any person action pursuant to the direction of one  
            of those law enforcement officers acting within the scope of  
            his or her authority. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee, cost pressures, in the low millions of dollars, to  
          the General Fund and various special funds to DFW, for dashboard  
          cameras and associated support equipment and staffing.

           COMMENTS  :   This bill would extend to law enforcement officers  
          of DFW the same authority to install dashboard cameras on their  
          patrol vehicles as has already been granted to other law  
          enforcement officers such as city police officers, county  
          sheriffs, and CHP officers.  The author notes that fish and  
          wildlife wardens typically initiate between 120,000 and 230,000  
          law enforcement contacts, issue between 7,000 and 18,000  
          citations, and execute over 100 search warrants per year.   
          According to the author, the ability to install these recording  
          devices would provide the following benefits: 1) recording  
          communications between Wildlife Officers, suspects and witnesses  
          creates an unbiased record of these contacts that leads to more  
          accurate and complete information being included in  
          investigative reports and made available to attorneys in legal  
          proceedings; 2) recording law enforcement contacts is an  
          important tool in preventing misconduct by officers, training  
          officers in proper safety and contact procedures, and defending  
          Wildlife Officers and agencies from frivolous lawsuits; and 3)  
          dashboard cameras would benefit local district attorneys by  
          enhancing their ability to obtain convictions for violations and  
          reducing costly time in our already backlogged court system.

          As noted in the Senate Public Safety Committee analysis of this  
          bill, the Federal Office of Community Policing Services prepared  
          a comprehensive study on the use of patrol car cameras that  
          found: 
               "The in-car camera is a multi-faceted tool that assists  
               police executives by ensuring integrity and accountability  
               while enhancing public trust.  In-car cameras allow  
               officers to critique and enhance their performance and  








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               provide training material for new recruits and advanced  
               officer training.  With the proper education, video  
               evidence can be of great value to prosecutors as well as  
               police.  Video evidence can be used to refresh an officer's  
               recollection of events while validating the officer's  
               testimony.  In many cases when video evidence is present,  
               both time and monies can be saved if the defendant elects  
               to plead guilty to the charges.  In civil, criminal and  
               administrative cases, the presence of video evidence  
               streamlines the investigative process and allows an agency  
               to come to a timely conclusion.  Even when revealing  
               departmental violations, video evidence allows  
               investigators, supervisors and executives to make sound  
               assessments of the facts.  With videos, mitigating  
               circumstances that may impact the severity of discipline  
               can be addressed."

          (See Senate Public Safety Committee analysis, April 29, 2014,  
          citing The Impact of Video Evidence on Modern Policing, Research  
          and Best Practices from the IACP Study on In-Car Cameras,  
           http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/Publications/video_evidence.pdf  .)

           Support Arguments  :  Supporters note that dashboard cameras have  
          proven beneficial to both the public and officers in the  
          agencies who currently use them.  They provide an important  
          training tool, aid officers in proving the events related to an  
          investigation or an arrest to the court, and help protect  
          officers from unfounded complaints.

          There is currently no opposition to this bill.  The ACLU opposed  
          the prior version unless amended, but are no longer opposed to  
          this bill as amended on May 27, 2014.  The ACLU agrees that  
          dashboard cameras can be an effective tool and can even help to  
          protect the rights of citizens involved in law enforcement  
          encounters, as well as the officers, if used properly.  They  
          note that the cameras can provide a neutral third observer,  
          similar to how mobile phone cameras have been used by citizens  
          to observe police behavior. The May 27 amendments: 1) clarified  
          that the DFW must adopt standards governing the use of dashboard  
          cameras; 2) required that once activated the camera must remain  
          on to record the duration of the encounter; 3) delineated  
          requirements for data retention; and 4) required DFW to provide  
          access to recordings as required by existing law.  The ACLU has  
          suggested one additional amendment which would change the words  
          "administrative purposes" on page 2, line 24, to "open  








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          administrative investigations."  If that amendment were adopted  
          the ACLU would move from a neutral to a support position.      

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California Fish and Game Wardens Association
          California Fish and Game Wardens' Supervisors and Managers  
          Association
           
            Opposition 
           
          None on file.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Diane Colborn / W., P. & W. / (916)  
          319-2096